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基于安卓的智能避障小车的设计与实现--毕业论文.doc
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基于安卓的智能避障小车的设计与实现--毕业论文.doc
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基于安卓的智能避障小车设计与实现
摘要:汽车是现代人生活必不可少的交通工具,其发展和运用大大加速了人类的
生活节奏,也对其他工业发展起到推动作用。汽车作为最终机械产品,其生产制
造及应用与其他设计、生产工业密不可分,同时人类对汽车的需求促进汽车产业
快速发展,汽车已经成为当代物质文明与进步的象征及文明形态的一种代表。但
随着汽车走进越来越多的家庭,交通拥挤的状况也越来越严重,交通事故频繁发
生,其中由于追尾、倒车碰撞产生的事故则占据了很大比例。在这种情况下,智
能避障小车的设计将改善这一问题。
该系统的设计主要以 STC89C52RC 为核心控制器,结合了超声波模块、
LCD1602 显示屏模块、电机驱动模块、电源模块、蓝牙模块从而实现小车的智
能化。在采用的多模块基础上的设计了系统方案,最终经过软件和硬件相结合完
成了多个模块的功能。该系统实现避障的原理是由单片机通过定时器计算超声波
发送到接收的时间再算出实测距离。并且在 LCD1602 显示屏上将测得的数据显
示出来,用户也可以按照显示的数据安全驾驶。该系统具有成本低廉、易控制、
工作可靠、测距准确度高、可读性强和流程清晰等优点。基于安卓的智能避障小
车不但可以用于需要测量距离参数的各种应用场合还可以用于一些娱乐场所、活
动。
关键词:STC89C52RC;LCD1602;超声波;蓝牙;
II
Intelligent Obstacle Avoidance Car Design And
Implementation Based On The Android
Abstract: Car is an indispensable means of transport for modern life, and its
development and use have greatly accelerated the pace of human life, but also to
promote other industrial development. Automobile as the final mechanical products,
its manufacturing and application are closed to other design and production
industry.while the human demand for the automobile to promote the rapid
development of the automobile industry, the car has become a symbol of
contemporary material civilization and progressive symbol of civilization and a
representative. Nowadays the car has entered more and more families, meanwhile
traffic congestion situation is more and more serious, frequent traffic accidents, which
due to rear-end, reversing collision accidents are accounted for a large proportion. In
this case, the design of the intelligent barrier will improve the problem.
The system is designed mainly with STC89C52RC as the core controller ,
combined with the ultrasonic module, LCD1602 display module, motor drive module,
power module, Bluetooth module to achieve the intelligent car. The use of
multi-module is based on the design of the system program, and ultimately the
combination of software and hardware is completed the function of multiple modules.
The system achieves the principle of obstacle avoidance by the microcontroller, which
calculates the ultrasonic transmission to the receiving time and then calculate the
measured distance. And the measured data is displayed on the LCD1602 display, and
the user can safely drive according to the data displaying. The system has the
advantages of low cost, easy control, reliable operation, high accuracy, high
readability and clear process. Based on Andrews intelligent obstruction car can not
only measure the distance parameters of various applications but also be used for
some entertainment, activities.
Key words: STC89C52RC; LCD1602; Ultrasonic Obstacle Avoidance; The
Bluetooth Module;
目 录
一、论文(设计)正文 ...............................................1
1 绪论 .............................................................................................................................1
1.1 课题研究背景及意义 ......................................................................................1
1.2 国内外的研究现状 ..........................................................................................2
1.2.1 国内研究现状 ...............................................................................................2
1.2.2 国外研究现状 ...............................................................................................3
1.3 主要研究内容 ..................................................................................................3
1.4 论文结构 ..........................................................................................................3
2 系统分析 .....................................................................................................................5
2.1 可行性分析 ......................................................................................................5
2.2 需求分析 ..........................................................................................................6
2.2.1 系统需求 ......................................................................................................6
2.2.2 用户需求 ......................................................................................................6
2.2.3 功能需求 ......................................................................................................6
3 系统设计.....................................................................................................................7
3.1 STC89C52RC 芯片的选择 .................................................................................7
3.2 电机驱动模块 ..................................................................................................9
3.3 超声波避障模块 ............................................................................................10
3.3.1 超声波简介 .................................................................................................10
3.3.2 超声波的三种形式 .....................................................................................10
3.3.3 超声波的物理性质 ....................................................................................10
3.3.4 超声波对声场产生的作用 .........................................................................11
3.3.5 超声波模块流程图 .....................................................................................11
3.3.6 超声波模块工作原理及参数 .....................................................................13
3.3.7 超声波模块电路及工作流程 .....................................................................14
3.4 显示模块 ........................................................................................................14
3.4.1 LCD1602 显示屏简述 ................................................................................14
3.4.2 LCD1602 显示屏引脚说明 ........................................................................15
3.4.3 LCD1602 显示屏指令介绍 .......................................................................15
3.4.4 LCD1602 显示屏电路原理 .......................................................................17
3.5 蓝牙无线控制模块 ........................................................................................18
3.5.1 蓝牙模块指示灯说明 ................................................................................19
3.5.2 蓝牙模块硬件框图与接线方式 ................................................................20
3.6 软件设计部分及开发环境 ............................................................................20
3.6.1 系统总体流程图 .........................................................................................21
3.7 安卓平台设计 ................................................................................................22
4 智能小车安装与测试...............................................................................................23
4.1 系统安装 ........................................................................................................23
4.1.1 检查元件的好坏 .........................................................................................23
4.1.2 放置、焊接各元件 .....................................................................................23
4.2 智能小车调试运行 ........................................................................................23
4.3 智能小车功能测试 ........................................................................................24
4.3.1 智能小车显示测距测试 .............................................................................24
4.3.2 智能小车避障测试 .....................................................................................28
4.3.3 智能小车蓝牙测试 .....................................................................................30
5 总结 ...........................................................................................................................36
参考文献 ......................................................................................................................37
谢 辞 ..........................................................................................................................38
二、附录 ..........................................................39
宝鸡文理学院本科毕业设计开题报告......................................................................39
宝鸡文理学院本科毕业设计结题报告......................................................................40
宝鸡文理学院本科毕业设计答辩评分表..................................................................42
宝鸡文理学院本科毕业设计答辩过程记录..............................................................43
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