摘要
本综述调查了陕南地区具有地方特色的优秀畜禽汉江黑猪、巴山牛、陕南白山羊、略阳乌鸡的研究
利用 现状 。目 前, 略阳 乌鸡 的种 质资 源研 究较 为全 面, 已揭 示了 有关 羽色 、生 长发 育、 肉质 性状 、
产蛋性能以及抗病性等分子遗传机制,商业化开发也较为突出;四川地区巴山牛地方品系宣汉牛肉
质细嫩和耐湿热环境的分子机制也都被揭示,陕南地区巴山牛地方品系仅开展了亲缘关系研究;陕
南白山羊虽数量多,但由于长期缺乏系统的选育,生产性能明显退化;而汉江黑猪已处于濒危状态。
因此,今后应重点开展陕南地区巴山牛地方品系,陕南白山羊和汉江黑猪的种质资源研究,揭示优
势性状的遗传机制,挖掘优势性状基因,促进陕南畜禽种质资源的保护和创新利用。
Abstract
This review investigates the research progress of indigenous livestock and poultry in
southern Shaanxi, such as Hanjiang black pig, Bashan cattle, southern Shaanxi
white goat, and Lueyang black⁃bone chicken. At present, the research on the
germplasm resources of Lueyang black⁃ bone chicken is relatively comprehensive,
the molecular genetic mechanisms related to feather color, growth and
development, meat quality traits, egg laying performance and disease resistance
of this breed have been revealed, and the commercial development is also
prominent. The molecular mechanisms of meat tenderness and resistance to humid
and heat environment have also been revealed in the Xuanhan cattle, which is one
strain of the Bashan cattle in Sichuan area. The genetic relationship of the Bashan
cattle in southern Shaanxi has been investigated. There are a large number of white
goats in southern Shaanxi, but the production performance is obviously degraded
due to the long⁃term lack of systematic breeding. The Hanjiang black pig is
endangered. In the future, we should focus on revealing the genetic mechanism of
dominant traits and excavating favorable trait genes, to promote the conservation
and innovative utilization of the southern Shaanxi Bashan cattle, the southern
Shaanxi white goat and the Hanjiang black pig.
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关键词
陕南地区; 优秀畜禽品种; 种质资源; 创新利用
Keywords
southern Shaanxi; excellent livestock and poultry; germplasm resources
research; innovative utilization
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