Matlab 基于随机森林算法(RF)的数据回归预测 RF回归

%% 清空环境变量 warning off % 关闭报警信息 close all % 关闭开启的图窗 clear % 清空变量 clc % 清空命令行 %% 导入数据 res = xlsread('数据集.xlsx'); %% 划分训练集和测试集 temp = randperm(103); P_train = res(temp(1: 80), 1: 7)'; T_train = res(temp(1: 80), 8)'; M = size(P_train, 2); P_test = res(temp(81: end), 1: 7)'; T_test = res(temp(81: end), 8)'; N = size(P_test, 2); %% 数据归一化 [p_train, ps_input] = mapminmax(P_train, 0, 1); p_test = mapminmax('apply', P_test, ps_input); [t_train, ps_output] = mapminmax(T_train, 0, 1); t_test = mapminmax('apply', T_test, ps_output); %% 转置以适应模型 p_train = p_train'; p_test = p_test'; t_train = t_train'; t_test = t_test'; %% 训练模型 trees = 100; % 决策树数目 leaf = 5; % 最小叶子数 OOBPrediction = 'on'; % 打开误差图 OOBPredictorImportance = 'on'; % 计算特征重要性 Method = 'regression'; % 分类还是回归 net = TreeBagger(trees, p_train, t_train, 'OOBPredictorImportance', OOBPredictorImportance,... 'Method', Method, 'OOBPrediction', OOBPrediction, 'minleaf', leaf); importance = net.OOBPermutedPredictorDeltaError; % 重要性 %% 仿真测试 t_sim1 = predict(net, p_train); t_sim2 = predict(net, p_test ); %% 数据反归一化 T_sim1 = mapminmax('reverse', t_sim1, ps_output); T_sim2 = mapminmax('reverse', t_sim2, ps_output); %% 均方根误差 error1 = sqrt(sum((T_sim1' - T_train).^2) ./ M); error2 = sqrt(sum((T_sim2' - T_test ).^2) ./ N); %% 绘图 figure plot(1: M, T_train, 'r-*', 1: M, T_sim1, 'b-o', 'LineWidth', 1) legend('真实值', '预测值') xlabel('预测样本') ylabel('预测结果') string = {'训练集预测结果对比'; ['RMSE=' num2str(error1)]}; title(string) xlim([1, M]) grid figure plot(1: N, T_test, 'r-*', 1: N, T_sim2, 'b-o', 'LineWidth', 1) legend('真实值', '预测值') xlabel('预测样本') ylabel('预测结果') string = {'测试集预测结果对比'; ['RMSE=' num2str(error2)]}; title(string) xlim([1, N]) grid %% 绘制误差曲线 figure plot(1: trees, oobError(net), 'b-', 'LineWidth', 1) legend('误差曲线') xlabel('决策树数目') ylabel('误差') xlim([1, trees]) grid %% 绘制特征重要性 figure bar(importance) legend('重要性') xlabel('特征') ylabel('重要性') %% 相关指标计算 % R2 R1 = 1 - norm(T_train - T_sim1')^2 / norm(T_train - mean(T_train))^2; R2 = 1 - norm(T_test - T_sim2')^2 / norm(T_test - mean(T_test ))^2; disp(['训练集数据的R2为：', num2str(R1)]) disp(['测试集数据的R2为：', num2str(R2)]) % MAE mae1 = sum(abs(T_sim1' - T_train)) ./ M; mae2 = sum(abs(T_sim2' - T_test )) ./ N; disp(['训练集数据的MAE为：', num2str(mae1)]) disp(['测试集数据的MAE为：', num2str(mae2)]) % MBE mbe1 = sum(T_sim1' - T_train) ./ M ; mbe2 = sum(T_sim2' - T_test ) ./ N ; disp(['训练集数据的MBE为：', num2str(mbe1)]) disp(['测试集数据的MBE为：', num2str(mbe2)]) %% 绘制散点图 sz = 25; c = 'b'; figure scatter(T_train, T_sim1, sz, c) hold on plot(xlim, ylim, '--k') xlabel('训练集真实值'); ylabel('训练集预测值'); xlim([min(T_train) max(T_train)]) ylim([min(T_sim1) max(T_sim1)]) title('训练集预测值 vs. 训练集真实值') figure scatter(T_test, T_sim2, sz, c) hold on plot(xlim, ylim, '--k') xlabel('测试集真实值'); ylabel('测试集预测值'); xlim([min(T_test) max(T_test)]) ylim([min(T_sim2) max(T_sim2)]) title('测试集预测值 vs. 测试集真实值')