收稿日期:2013-06-10
基金项目:中国石油低碳关键技术重大专项(2011E2403)
作者简介:鹿腾(1985-),男,博士研究生,从事油气田开发方面的研究。 E-mail:lutengyujing@ 126. com。
摇 摇 文章编号:1673鄄5005(2014)03鄄0093鄄06摇 摇 摇 doi:10. 3969 / j. issn. 1673鄄5005. 2014. 03. 015
一泡沫辅助 SAGD 开发特征
鹿摇 腾
1
, 李兆敏
1
, 孙晓娜
1
, 李宾飞
1
, 高永荣
2
, 王宝利
3
(1. 中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东青岛 266580; 2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;
3. 青海油田勘探开发研究院,甘肃酒泉 736202)
摘要:应用数值模拟及 Surfer 制图软件绘制蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)和泡沫辅助 SAGD(FA鄄SAGD)在均质和非均
质油藏中温度场分布图,对不同开发方式下蒸汽腔扩展过程进行直观、形象地描述,并对比两种开发方式的开发效
果。 结果表明:FA鄄SAGD 蒸汽腔横向扩展速度大于 SAGD,垂向扩展速度小于 SAGD,FA鄄SAGD 蒸汽腔主要作用于油
层中部,蒸汽腔与盖层接触面积较小,盖层热损失较小;非均质储层 SAGD 开发过程中,蒸汽易沿高渗透层窜流,蒸汽
腔在水平井筒方向不均匀扩展,FA鄄SAGD 开发过程中,由于泡沫对蒸汽沿高渗层窜流的调控作用,蒸汽腔在地层内
的扩展更为均匀,可以减小产出能量和盖层热损失,提高生产油汽比和采收率。
关键词:稠油油藏; 蒸汽辅助重力泄油; 泡沫; 数值模拟; 蒸汽腔
中图分类号:TE 345摇 摇 摇 文献标志码:A
Characterization of foam assisted SAGD process
LU Teng
1
, LI Zhao鄄min
1
, SUN Xiao鄄na
1
, LI Bin鄄fei
1
, GAO Yong鄄rong
2
, WANG Bao鄄li
3
(1. School of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China;
2. PetroChina Exploration and Development Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute of Qinghai Oilfield, Jiuquan 736202, China)
Abstract: Steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) and foam assisted SAGD (FA鄄SAGD) are effective processes for heavy oil
recovery. The temperature distributions in these processes were studied for both homogeneous and heterogeneous reservoirs u鄄
sing a numerical simulation method in order to reveal the expansion of the steam chambers and compare the effectiveness of the
two production methods. The results show that, in the FA鄄SAGD production process, the lateral expansion of the steam cham鄄
ber is faster than that in the SAGD process, and the vertical expansion is slower than that in the SAGD. The steam chamber of
the FA鄄SAGD is mainly developed in the middle part of the reservoir, and its contact area with cap rocks is small, which can
reduce the heat loss of the cap rock. When the SAGD process is applied in a heterogeneous reservoir, steam tends to flow
through mainly in high permeable layers, and the expansion of the steam chamber along the horizontal well bore is not uniform.
While in the FA鄄SAGD process, the expansion of the steam chamber in the reservoir is uniform due to the blocking effect of
foam in high permeable layers, which can increase the sweeping efficiency of foam and reduce heat loss. Subsequently, the ap鄄
plication of the FA鄄SAGD can improve the ratio of oil to steam and increase oil recovery.
Key words: heavy oil reservoir; steam assisted gravity drainage; foam; numerical simulation; steam chamber
摇 摇 蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD) 是将流体热对流与
热传导相结合,以蒸汽作为加热介质,依靠原油的重
力作用进行开发的稠油热采技术,因此 SAGD 过程中
蒸汽腔的扩展发育对 SAGD 开发效果具有重要影
响
[1鄄5]
。 对于一些非均质性较强的储层,蒸汽由于易
沿高渗层窜流而使蒸汽腔扩展较差,从而导致 SAGD
开发效果不理想
[6鄄9]
。 泡沫流体可以改善不利的流度
比、提高波及系数和扫油效率、延缓气体的突破时间,
从而提高油气开采效率
[10鄄15]
。 泡沫辅助 SAGD 开发
技术(FA鄄SAGD)是采用蒸汽和起泡剂联合注入的方
2014 年摇 第 38 卷摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版) 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 Vol. 38摇 No. 3
摇 第 3 期摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 Journal of China University of Petroleum摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 Jun. 2014