All Electrospray Printed Perovskite Solar Cells

The power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reached 23.3% recently, rivaling those of.established photovoltaic technologies. For PSCs to be commercially competitive, one of the important challenges.is to overcome the limitations of small area and excessive material waste from spin-coating. Electrospray.printing is a scalable and roll-to-roll compatible method with high material utilization rate. Here, we report an.all electrospray printing process for PSCs in ambient