Some material in this work is reprinted from IEEE Std 1149.1-1990, “IEEE Standard Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Archi-
tecture,” Copyright © 1990; IEEE Std 1076/INT-1991 “IEEE Standards Interpretations: IEEE Std 1076-1987, IEEE Standard
VHDL Language Reference Manual,” Copyright © 1991; IEEE Std 1076-1993 “IEEE Standard VHDL Language Reference
Manual,” Copyright © 1993; IEEE Std 1164-1993 “IEEE Standard Multivalue Logic System for VHDL Model Interoperability
(Std_logic_1164),” Copyright © 1993; IEEE Std 1149.1b-1994 “Supplement to IEEE Std 1149.1-1990, IEEE Standard Test
Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture,” Copyright © 1994; IEEE Std 1076.4-1995 “IEEE Standard for VITAL Applica-
tion-Specific Integerated Circuit (ASIC) Modeling Specification,” Copyright © 1995; IEEE 1364-1995 “IEEE Standard Descrip-
tion Language Based on the Verilog
®
Hardware Description Language,” Copyright © 1995; and IEEE Std 1076.3-1997 “IEEE
Standard for VHDL Synthesis Packages,” Copyright © 1997; by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. The
IEEE disclaims any responsibility or liability resulting from the placement and use in the described manner. Information is
reprinted with the permission of the IEEE. Figures describing Xilinx FPGAs are courtesy of Xilinx, Inc. ©Xilinx, Inc. 1996,
1997, 1998. All rights reserved. Figures describing Altera CPLDs are courtesy of Altera Corporation. Altera is a trademark and
service mark of Altera Corporation in the United States and other countries. Altera products are the intellectual property of Altera
Corporation and are protected by copyright laws and one or more U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications. Figures
describing Actel FPGAs iare courtesy of Actel Corporation.
The programs and applications presented in this work have been included for their instructional value. They have been tested with
care but are not guaranteed for any particular purpose. The author does not offer any warranties, representations, or accept any lia-
bilities with respect to the programs or applications.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those
designations appear in this work, and the author was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or
all caps.
Figures copyright © 1997 by Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Text copyright © 1997, 1998 by Michael John Sebastian Smith.
