ISO 13732-1:2006(E)
© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
When human skin comes into contact with a hot solid surface, burns may occur. Whether or not they do
depends on a number of factors, the most important of which are
⎯ the temperature of the surface,
⎯ the material of the surface,
⎯ the period of contact between the skin and the surface,
⎯ the structure of the surface, and
⎯ the sensitivity of the human being who comes into contact with the surface (e.g. child or adult).
Other factors can also play a part but are of minor importance. In Annex A the scientific background is
presented and in the Bibliography publications concerning the objective are listed.
This part of ISO 13732 contains a collection of temperature threshold values for burns when the skin is in
contact with a hot solid surface (Clause 4). It also contains a method for the assessment of the risk of burning,
i.e. the application of the provided ergonomics data within a risk assessment procedure (Clause 5). A further
application of the data may be the specification of temperature limit values for hot surfaces. Such temperature
limit values may be specified in product standards or in regulations in order to prevent human beings
sustaining a burn when in contact with the surface of a hot product. Guidance on how to select reasonable
temperature limit values for that purpose is given in Clause 7. For different products with the same risk of
burning it is reasonable to establish identical surface temperature limit values. Therefore, this part of
ISO 13732 provides the possibility of harmonizing such temperature limit values for all kind of products.
Touching a hot surface may take place intentionally, e.g. to operate an electrically or gas powered machine or
tool, or unintentionally, when a person is near a hot object. The period of contact with the hot surface will be
different if the object is touched intentionally than if it is touched unintentionally. Considering human reaction
times and their distribution in the population, 0,5 s is the minimum applicable contact period for unintentional
touching of a hot surface for healthy adults on an acceptable safety level. For intentional touching the
minimum applicable contact period will be longer. For the application of this part of ISO 13732, it is essential
to select a contact period which best represents the real circumstances when a hot product is touched.
Guidance for such selection is given in Annex B.
The ergonomics data provided in this part of ISO 13732 are mainly based on scientific research and represent,
as far as is known, the behaviour of the human skin when in contact with a hot surface. Some of the data (e.g.
burn threshold data for very short contacts of 0,5 s) are not directly based on scientific research but are
deduced by extrapolation of the known threshold curves or by reasonable conclusion using scientific results.
The temperature threshold values provided in this part of ISO 13732 are valid for burning the skin when in
contact with hot surfaces. For the time being there are not sufficient scientific data available on the effects of
discomfort and pain to for them to be included in this part of ISO 13732. Some data for pain can be derived
from national standards (see Annexes A and the Bibliography). Research projects are planned for obtaining
data for discomfort and pain. When the results of these projects are available, this part of ISO 13732 may be
revised in order to also include discomfort and pain temperature threshold values. ISO 13732-2 deals also
with discomfort.
This part of ISO 13732 does not provide burn data on the skin that comes into contact with liquids or gases.
NOTE With the exception of water there are no such data available up to now. For water and liquids with similar heat
capacity and heat flow properties burn threshold values for bare metals can be chosen.
Copyright International Organization for Standardization
Provided by IHS under license with ISO
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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