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汇丰银行-全球-股票策略-全球股票策略:盈利——已过了最差的情况-217-22页.pdf
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汇丰银行-全球-股票策略-全球股票策略:盈利——已过了最差的情况-217-22页.pdf
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Disclosures & Disclaimer
This report must be read with the disclosures and the analyst certifications in
the Disclosure appendix, and with the Disclaimer, which forms part of it.
Issuer of report: HSBC Securities (USA) Inc
View HSBC Global Research at:
https://www.research.hsbc.com
Earnings downgrade cycle is arguably through the worst and
we see upside, especially to US consensus estimates
Our proprietary analysis of US and European earnings calls
highlights margin resilience, China pessimism, political risks
Present four stock screens: conservative guidance, DM stocks
with China exposure, and ESG interest in Europe and US
Global equity markets have been on a tear in 2019, up 8.5% YTD, largely fuelled by
a re-rating of overly depressed valuations. We believe the rally has further to go, but
it will likely need a firmer earnings outlook. In our view, the recent poor earnings
revisions cycle is through the worst. Economic activity is easing but above-trend, and
we see upside to a US-China trade deal and China policy stimulus.
In this report we apply our natural language processing methodology to nearly
60,000 earnings calls covering US and European companies. This analysis extends
our work in Alternative Data (see Text analysis of earnings calls 13-Sep-18, and
China sentiment, 17-Jan-19). The results identify four key themes from the earnings
season in the US and Europe so far:
#1: Margins resilient: Corporate concerns about profit margins remain below
average and fears over wage growth have receded. The strong USD is a headwind
for US firms but a tailwind for those based in Europe. Longer term, US record-high
profit margins seem structurally supported by tech and tax reform.
#2: Don’t overdo politics: Focus has been on US-China relations, Brexit and US
government shutdown. Many corporates indicated they can offset tariff headwinds,
and had already incorporated worst-case scenarios into guidance (see Appendix 1).
We estimate that the US Government shutdown cost 1.7pp of Q1 EPS growth.
#3: Contrarian China sentiment: Analyst sentiment towards China on earnings calls
has plunged. Historically this has been a contrarian positive, with a 20% one-year
return from such levels. US and European corporate managements are more
confident on China. See Appendix 2 for HSBC Buy-rated China-exposed stocks.
#4: ESG on the agenda: Discussion of ESG matters has increased, focused on issues
such as culture and impacts on society. See Appendixes 3 and 4 for full details.
We are overweight US equities, and forecast nearly 10% EPS growth this year,
above consensus, on continued revenue growth and margin resilience. We are
underweight Europe ex UK, where we see less scope for a positive surprise.
Natural language processing is extremely flexible and can be applied to many other
topics. If you are interested in analyzing specific themes please contact Mark McDonald
and Alastair Pinder.
17 February 2019
Ben Laidler
Global Equity Strategist
HSBC Securities (USA) Inc.
ben.m.laidler@us.hsbc.com
+1 212 525 3460
Daniel Grosvenor*
Equity Strategist
HSBC Bank plc
daniel.grosvenor@hsbcib.com
+44 20 7991 4246
Alastair Pinder, CFA
Equity Strategist
HSBC Securities (USA) Inc.
alastair.pinder@us.hsbc.com
+1 212 525 4131
Mark McDonald
Head of Data Science and Analytics
HSBC Bank plc
mark.mcdonald@hsbcib.com
+44 20 7991 5966
* Employed by a non-US affiliate of HSBC Securities (USA) Inc, and is
not registered/ qualified pursuant to FINRA regulations
Global Equity Strategy
EQUITY STRATEGY
GLOBAL
Listen up: Earnings – through the worst
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88099939/bg2.jpg)
EQUITY STRATEGY
● GLOBAL
17 February 2019
2
Time for earnings to do the lifting
Global equity markets have rallied hard this year, up 8.5% YTD. We continue to see upside and
believe the rally may have another 9% to go before the end of the year. So far, however, the
rebound in equities has been led by an increase in risk sentiment and a re-rating of overly
depressed valuations.
We still see some room for further multiple expansion but believe this is becoming increasingly
limited. Instead, for global equities to move meaningfully higher we will need to see a
stabilization in earnings estimates which have rolled over notably during the last few months.
We highlighted in our roadmap to recovery (15 Jan 2019) the ongoing earnings season as a key
catalyst to help steady the deterioration in sentiment. With the earnings season now well under
way in both the US and Europe we take a deep dive into the earnings outlook for these two
markets, and with the help of our proprietary natural language processing identify some of the
key themes among the earnings calls.
In summary, we believe the worst may be behind us for both US and European earnings. The
US has greater potential for an upside surprise – we view margins and earnings as more
resilient than many think. We also find it encouraging that in both the regions the price reaction
to beats and misses has improved quite significantly. We take this as a signal that market
expectations have come down to more reasonable levels, which should improve the risk-reward
for companies around earnings announcements.
Earnings – through the worst
Earnings downgrade cycle should be through the worst and we see
upside, especially to US consensus estimates
Our analysis of US and European earnings calls highlights margin
resilience, pessimism on China and political risks
Present four stock screens: conservative guidance, DM stocks with
China exposure, and ESG interest in Europe and US
1. A re-rating of valuations have helped the rebound
2. Stock reaction to beats and misses has improved
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, Bloomberg, HSBC
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Eikon, Bloomberg, HSBC
We believe the worst may be
behind us for both US and
European earnings
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
MSCI ACWI 12m fwd PE
-3.0
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
2004 Q2
2005 Q1
2005 Q4
2006 Q3
2007 Q2
2008 Q1
2008 Q4
2009 Q3
2010 Q2
2011 Q1
2011 Q4
2012 Q3
2013 Q2
2014 Q1
2014 Q4
2015 Q3
2016 Q2
2017 Q1
2017 Q4
2018 Q3
US beats
US miss
EU beats
EU misses
T-1 to T+1 relative price response to
earnings beat/miss (4Qma)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88099939/bg3.jpg)
3
EQUITY STRATEGY
● GLOBAL
17 February 2019
Setting the scene: it’s sink or swim for earnings
The global earnings outlook has been under tremendous pressure the last few months as fears
of a sharp slowdown in global economic activity has clearly weighed on sentiment. US and
European 2019 EPS growth estimates have been slashed considerably and now stand at just
5.3% and 7.4% respectively. For the US in particular, this is a far cry from the 23% growth
posted in 2018. But the underlying drivers behind the reductions are notably different: in the US
it has been completely driven by a reduction in profit margin estimates, while in Europe it has
been mainly caused by a fall in sales growth expectations (Charts 3 and 4).
There are two main points to highlight here:
The first is that the MSCI USA EPS is particularly sensitive to margin contractions – something
we previously highlighted as one of the biggest risks for 2019 (see Blanchet, Top 10 risks for
2019, 11 December 2018) – and another 50bps contraction in profit margins would be enough
to lower earnings estimates into negative territory.
However, we think this is unlikely and the bulk of the downward revisions should now be done.
The main drag on margin estimates has come from Energy and IT, two sectors where we see
potential upside (Chart 5). For Energy, the sharp decline in oil prices over the course of Q4 has
3. US earnings revisions led by
downgrades to profit margins
4. European earnings revisions led by
downgrades to sales growth
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
US and European 2019e
EPSg now at just 5.3% and
7.4% respectively
MSCI USA EPS is particularly
sensitive to margin
contractions
5. IT and Energy have pulled down US margin estimates
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Mar-17 Jul-17 Nov-17 Mar-18 Jul-18 Nov-18
Sales growth
Margin expansion
EPS growth
MSCI USA 2019 consensus estimates
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Mar-17 Sep-17 Mar-18 Sep-18
Sales growth
Margin expansion
EPS growth
MSCI Europe 2019 consensus estimates
11.50%
11.55%
11.60%
11.65%
11.70%
11.75%
11.80%
11.85%
11.90%
11.95%
MSCI USA
2018 Margin
Financials
Industrials
Cons. Disc
Health Care
Utilities
Communications
Cons. Staples
Materials
Real Estate
Energy
IT
MSCI USA
2019Margin
Sector Contribution to MSCI USA 2019e margin change
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88099939/bg4.jpg)
EQUITY STRATEGY
● GLOBAL
17 February 2019
4
clearly filtered through to analysts’ estimates, and with prices having stabilized the bulk of the
earnings downgrades should be behind us. Meanwhile, tech sector estimates – particularly
semiconductors and tech hardware – have been hurt following weaker-than-expected demand
and significant declines in memory (DRAM and NAND) prices. We believe there is upside
around a US-China trade deal and HSBC’s analysts expect a meaningful rebound in the
memory market in Q2-2018 – much earlier than the market is anticipating – as companies take
substantial efforts to cut oversupply (see Cho, Korea equities in 2019, 23 January 2019).
The second point is that earnings estimates have been downgraded notably already and we
believe the worst could now be behind us. Our top-down models call for US and European EPS
growth in 2019 of 9.6% and 6.7% respectively. But the biggest upside surprise potential still lies
in the US, where we now see consensus as meaningfully below our own estimates.
Indeed, one of the surprising trends has been how European earnings growth estimates have
now surpassed those of the US – a feat rarely achieved. The only time in recent history when
Europe actually delivered stronger earnings was in 2017 and this was against a backdrop of
synchronized global economic growth.
6. US earnings growth estimates are now below Europe’s
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
European earnings growth
estimates are now greater
than for the US…
7. PMI data has been stronger in the US
8. Economic data in Europe has been very disappointing
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
Source: Bloomberg, HSBC
-5
0
5
10
15
20
Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Jan-17 Jan-18 Jan-19
Difference between MSCI USA and MSCI Europe EPSg estimates
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Jan-03 Jan-06 Jan-09 Jan-12 Jan-15 Jan-18
US vs Europe PMI
US vs Europe
earnings revisions (RHS)
2017 - Europe strength
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Jul-17 Oct-17 Jan-18 Apr-18 Jul-18 Oct-18 Jan-19
Cumulative change in HSBC activity
surprise indices since July 2017
USA
Europe
Economic Data...
Stronger than
expected
Weaker than
expected
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88099939/bg5.jpg)
5
EQUITY STRATEGY
● GLOBAL
17 February 2019
This is certainly not the environment we are in now. European economic activity continues to
languish, with HSBC’s economics team forecasting just 1.4% GDP growth in 2019. Although the
US is also decelerating, the economy looks far more robust and should deliver above-trend growth
of 2.5% this year. The divergences in the PMI’s and economic surprise indices suggest the
underlying dynamics favor US earnings. Additionally, top-line growth estimates have remained
remarkably stable, suggesting the fundamental outlook holds strong for US corporates.
Listen-up: earnings calls provide reasons for optimism
The ongoing earnings season also points to a more favorable backdrop for US corporations.
With 78% of companies in the US and 48% in Europe having reported 4Q18, the results so far
have highlighted the resilience of US corporate earnings.
In the US around 75% of companies have beaten EPS estimates, broadly in line with long-run
averages. Only 60% of companies have beaten revenue estimates, a sharp decline from the
peak seen at the beginning of 2018, but still respectable. IT, Materials and Health Care have
delivered the highest proportion of beats, while Utilities and Materials have disappointed.
Meanwhile in Europe the earnings season has been somewhat weaker with just over 50% of the
companies that have reported having beaten analysts’ expectations (see Shrivastava, European
Equity Insights: Q4 earnings so far: Last leg lower?, 12 February 2019). This is the lowest level
in over three years, and considerably below the average of 58% since 2015. In terms of sectors,
Healthcare and Financials have been the key laggards, while Commodities, IT and Consumer
names have provided the highest percentage of beats.
Using our proprietary natural language processing we have scanned through nearly 60,000
transcripts in the US and Europe going back to 2002 to identify some of the key themes and
trends in the latest round of earnings calls. Some of our key findings include:
Theme #1: Margins resilient
Theme #2: Don’t overdo the politics
Theme #3: Contrarian China sentiment
Theme #4: ESG on the agenda
… despite economic activity
struggling relative to the
US data
9. US earnings and revenue beats
10. Europe earnings and revenue beats
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
Source: MSCI, Refinitiv Datastream, HSBC
We have scanned through
nearly 60,000 transcripts in
the US and Europe to identify
key themes on earnings calls
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
Q1-05
Q1-06
Q1-07
Q1-08
Q1-09
Q1-10
Q1-11
Q1-12
Q1-13
Q1-14
Q1-15
Q1-16
Q1-17
Q1-18
% of beats (MSCI USA)
EPS
Revenue
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
Q1-05
Q1-06
Q1-07
Q1-08
Q1-09
Q1-10
Q1-11
Q1-12
Q1-13
Q1-14
Q1-15
Q1-16
Q1-17
Q1-18
% of beats (MSCI Europe)
EPS
Revenue
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