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Remote Program Calls

U:\Book\$01.doc

The mySAP Revolution

Remote Program Calls ..............................................................................................................................1

1 R/3 DCOM Connectivity ..............................................................................................................2 5

1.1

Calling RFC Functions And BAPIs From Windows™.....................................................2

1.2 Visual Basic Code to Read Data from Table T000 Via RFC............................................3

2 R/3 Java Connectivity ...................................................................................................................8

2.1 SAP R/3 Java Connector jCO, ..........................................................................................8

3 Calling Remote Programs From R/3 Via RFC............................................................................10 10

3.1

What Is RFC?..................................................................................................................10

3.2 Remote Program Call As Core of Client Server .............................................................10

3.3 Setting Up The RFC Destinations...................................................................................11

3.4 Calling a Program on a Workstation With RFC via SAPGUI ........................................12

3.5 RFC via Remote Shell.....................................................................................................13 15

3.6

RFC via Web Server .......................................................................................................14

3.7 RFC Via Operating System Services ..............................................................................14

3.8 Calling A Program Remotely From R/3 .........................................................................16

3.9 Calling An HTTP Web Server from R/3.........................................................................17

3.10 Registering an RFC Listener With The SAP Gateway ...................................................19 20

3.11

Create an RFC Destination For A Registered Listener ...................................................21

3.12 Writing Your Own RFC Listener....................................................................................21

3.13 Troubleshooting RFC Access .........................................................................................23

Fehler! Es wurden keine Einträge für das Inhaltsverzeichnis gefunden. 25

Book 2

2 Fehler! Formatvorlage nicht definiert./Remote Program Calls

of 25 Axel Angeli 12 March 2001

1 R/3 DCOM Connectivity

Access via RFC to R/3 from Windows is done via number of DLLs and Active/X controls

provided by SAP with every SAPGUI installation. The provided DLLs are DCOM compliant

interface classes and are accessed via their proper DCOM registration.

R/3 DCOM Connectivity - Calling RFC Functions And BAPIs From Windows™

Access via RFC to R/3 from Windows is done via number of DLLs and Active/X controls provided by

SAP with every SAPGUI installation. The provided DLLs are DCOM compliant interface classes and 30

are accessed via their proper DCOM registration. This chapter summarises in brief how to call the

DCOM ActiveX components that are provided by SAP to access R/3 function modules from a

Windows platform. We will demonstrate how to call the standard RFC function module

RFC_READ_TABLE.

U:\Book\C03@01 DCOM.doc

R/3 DCOM Connectivity

Access via RFC to R/3 from Windows is done via number of DLLs and Active/X

controls provided by SAP with every SAPGUI installation. The provided DLLs

are DCOM compliant interface classes and are accessed via their proper DCOM 40

registration. This chapter su

1.1 Calling RFC Functions And BAPIs From Windows™

This chapter summarises in brief how to call the DCOM ActiveX components that are

provided by SAP to access R/3 function modules from a Windows platform. We will

demonstrate how to call the standard RFC function module RFC_READ_TABLE.

Here you can see the basic example how to call R/3 RFC functions from Visual

Basic. This example will read the data from table T000 as also shown in the

previous chapter, where we discussed the RFC function RFC_READ_TABLE. If 45

you analyzed this example and understood how it works, I see no reason why you

should not be able to create any other application, that links to R/3.

SAP provides a set of interface OCX control and DLLs. They were written and

compiled in Visual Basic, so the OCX are technically compatible with your

Visual Basic. If there are still problems with compatibility, you better take it up 50

with Microsoft, not with SAP. SAP is seen by Visual Basic as an object like any

other object, e.g. the ADO-object, DAO-object or the FileSystem-Object. You

need to know the methods and the meaning of the properties, but you do not need

to know anything about R/3 to be able to use R/3 as an intelligent database server.

If you are completely ignorant about R/3 then you should regard R/3 as a 55

transparent database server and the function modules as stored procedures of this

database system.

This is a little VB Script example that demonstrates how you can call an RFC

function module in R/3. The function used is function RFC_READ_TABLE

which takes the name of a table as a parameter and returns its contents. As an 60

option you can pass a Visual Basic recordset to contain a simple SQL WHERE-

clause, which is added to the SQL statement issued by RFC_READ_TABLE.

If you fully understand how this example works then you should be able to write

any program you want to connect to R/3.

Reading data from an

arbitrary R/3 table with

RFC_READ_TABLE

Apart from the logon data

and the name of the

table we need nothing

else from R/3

R/3 is a stored procedure

database server

Example that reads data

from an R/3 table

The example is the basic

template for every R/3

access

4 Fehler! Formatvorlage nicht definiert./Remote Program Calls

of 25 Axel Angeli 12 March 2001

conn.ApplicationServer = "r3dev" ' IP or DNS-Name of the R/3

application server

conn.System = "00" ' System ID of the instance,

usually 00

conn.Client = "100" ' opt. Client number to logon to

conn.Language = "EN" ' opt. Your login language

conn.User = "" ' opt. Your user id

conn.Password = "" ' opt. Your password

retcd = conn.Logon(0, False)

If retcd <> True Then

MsgBox " Cannot log on! "

MsgBox retcd

Stop

else

MsgBox " Logon OK."

End If

End Sub

Calling an RFC Function Module

Calling an RFC function module can be done via the funcControl Active/X

control and whoosh, an open RFC connection has been created in the logon step.

The code will set pointers to local variables that hold the import and export

parameters to the function and then the function call is executed. R/3 table

parameters will be represented as Visual Basic recordsets. These recordsets will 85

be automatically typed by the RFC call.

Sub R3RFC_READ_TABLE(pQueryTab)

'------------------------------------------------------------

' Call the R/3 RFC function RFC_READ_TABLE

'------------------------------------------------------------

Set RFC_READ_TABLE = funcControl.Add("RFC_READ_TABLE")

Set eQUERY_TAB = RFC_READ_TABLE.Exports("QUERY_TABLE")

Set TOPTIONS = RFC_READ_TABLE.Tables("OPTIONS") '

Set TDATA = RFC_READ_TABLE.Tables("DATA") '

Set TFIELDS = RFC_READ_TABLE.Tables("FIELDS") '

Import, export and tables parameters of an R/3 function module are referenced

with a Visual Basic object pointer. The function collection which we created

above with the funcControl.Add method provides appropriate methods, Exports, 90

Imports and Tables which create a correct parameter object and return a reference

to this object.

Once the parameter object have been created, you can assign a value to the objects

value property or read the value property respectively.

eQUERY_TAB.Value = pQueryTab

' pQueryTab is the R/3

name of the table

TOPTIONS.AppendRow ' new item line

TOPTIONS(1,"TEXT") = "MANDT EQ '000'"

Once the parameter values have been set, you can call the function with the 95

CALL-property. The property returns TRUE or FALSE according to whether the

call has been successful or not.

If RFC_READ_TABLE.Call = True Then

When the RFC call has been successful you can output the result data or process

them appropriately. For our demo we will display the first row of the returned

recordset (= RFC table parameter) by means of the VBS message box. 100

Specifying the Login

properties

Calling Logon method

Checking if logon has

been successful

Create a new

collection object for

the FM

Set pointers to local

variables for the import

and export parameters

Reading and writing

parameter values

Calling the RFC

function

R/3 DCOM Connectivity/Fehler! Formatvorlage nicht definiert. 5

If TDATA.RowCount > 0 Then

MsgBox "Call to RFC_READ_TABLE successful! Data found"

MsgBox TDATA(1, "WA")

Else

MsgBox "Call to RFC_READ_TABLE successful! No data found"

End If

Else

MsgBox "Call to RFC_READ_TABLE failed!"

End If

End Sub

Main Program

The above code have been the most thrilling part but then we need to put them

together in a Main procedure.

Sub Main()

The number at the end of the object class name lets you specify the version

number, so that you could have several versions of the same class registered in

Windows registry simultaneously. If you do not specify the version there should 105

be a default version registered in the registry, if the developer made a proper

effort to do so.

Set LogonControl = CreateObject("SAP.LogonControl.1")

Set funcControl = CreateObject("SAP.Functions")

110

The SAP table factory is an object that returns a special variant of a Visual Basic

recordset along with appropriate methods to manipulate the table factory

recordset.

Set TableFactoryCtrl = CreateObject("SAP.TableFactory.1")

call R3Logon

115

funcControl.Connection = conn

call R3RFC_READ_TABLE("T000")

conn.Logoff

MsgBox " Logged off from R/3! "

End Sub

Start the Program

Depending on the runtime environment you use, there are different ways to call

the whole procedure. If you stored the coding as Visual Basic Script in a separate

file with extension .VBS you have to add an explicit call to your main routine in 120

the file.

Call Main()

ASP

You can call that from an ASP page that would simply look similar to the

following. (assume that the coding above is stored to a file called

RfcReadTable.VBS.

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<#include RfcReadTable.vbs >

</HEAD>

125

Output the result

The rest

Main() procedure

Create an instance of

the SAP.LogonControl

class (version 1)

Create an instance of

the SAP.Functions

collection

Create an instance of

the SAP.TableFactory

Call the logon part

Assign the connection

to our collection

Make the RFC call

Log off the connection

Call Main()

Call Main() from an ASP

page

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