完整word版-51单片机英文及其翻译.doc
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51 Microcontroller Introduction
Microcontrollers basic component is a central processing unit (CPU in the
computing device and controller), read-only memory (usually expressed as a ROM),
read-write memory (also known as Random Access Memory MRAM is usually expressed
as a RAM) , input / output port (also divided into parallel port and serial port, expressed
as I / O port), and so composed. In fact there is also a clock circuit microcontroller, so
that during operation and control of the microcontroller, can rhythmic manner. In
addition, there are so-called "break system", the system is a "janitor" role, when the
microcontroller control object parameters that need to be intervention to reach a
particular state, can after this "janitor" communicated to the CPU, so that CPU priorities
of the external events to take appropriate counter-measures.
Microcontrollers are used in a multitude of commercial applications such as modems,
motor-control systems, air conditioner control systems, automotive engine and among
others. The high processing speed and enhanced peripheral set of these microcontrollers
make them suitable for such high-speed event-based applications. However, these critical
application domains also require that these microcontrollers are highly reliable. The high
reliability and low market risks can be ensured by a robust testing process and a proper
tools environment for the validation of these microcontrollers both at the component and
at the system level. Intel Platform Engineering department developed an object-oriented
multi-threaded test environment for the validation of its AT89C51 automotive
microcontrollers. The goals of this environment was not only to provide a robust testing
environment for the AT89C51 automotive microcontrollers, but to develop an
environment which can be easily extended and reused for the validation of several other
future microcontrollers. The environment was developed in conjunction with Microsoft
Foundation Classes (AT89C51). The paper describes the design and mechanism of this
test environment, its interactions with various hardware/software environmental
components, and how to use AT89C51.
Are 8-bit microcontroller early or 4 bits. One of the most successful is the INTEL
8031, for a simple, reliable and good performance was a lot of praise. Then developed in
8031 out of MCS51 MCU Systems. SCM systems based on this system until now is still
widely used. With the increased requirements of industrial control field, began a 16-bit
microcontroller, but not ideal because the cost has not been very widely used. After 90
years with the great development of consumer electronics, microcontroller technology
has been a huge increase. With INTEL i960 series, especially the later series of widely
used ARM, 32-bit microcontroller quickly replace high-end 16-bit MCU status and enter
the mainstream market. The traditional 8-bit microcontroller performance have been the
Commented [A1]: 整体介绍了单片机的各模块组
成（CPU RAM ROM I/O 接口）以及各个模块
的分工组成
Commented [A2]: 空调控制系统
Commented [A3]: 基于此系统的单片机依然被广
泛的应用
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