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1
Chapter 9
Architectural Design
Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
by Roger S. Pressman
2
What Is Architecture?
The software architecture of a program or system is
the structure of the system, which comprise software
components, the external visible properties of those
components, and the relationships among them.
3
Why Architecture?
The architecture is not the operational software. Rather, it is a
The architecture is not the operational software. Rather, it is a
representation that enables a software engineer to:
representation that enables a software engineer to:
(1)
(1) analyze the effectiveness of the design
in meeting its
in meeting its
requirements,
requirements, (分析是否满足需求)
(2)
(2) reduce the risks
associated with the construction of the
associated with the construction of the
software.
software. (降低软件实施风险)
(3)
(3) representations
of software architecture are an
of software architecture are an enabler for
communication
between all stakeholders interested in the
between all stakeholders interested in the
development of a computer-based system.
development of a computer-based system. (便于各方开展交
流)
(4) the architecture
(4) the architecture highlights early design decisions
that will
that will
have an impact on all software engineering.
have an impact on all software engineering. (强调早期决策)
4
Architectural Descriptions
The IEEE Computer Society has proposed IEEE-Std-
1471-2000, Recommended Practice for Architectural Description of
Software-Intensive System, [IEE00]
to establish a conceptual framework and vocabulary for use during the
design of software architecture,
to provide detailed guidelines for representing an architectural
description
The IEEE Standard denes an architectural
description (AD) as a “a collection of products to document an
architecture.”
5
Architectural Styles( 架构分类 )
Data-centered architectures
Data flow architectures
Call and return architectures
Object-oriented architectures
Layered architectures
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