论文研究-地质与工程相结合，提高稠油产量—中国渤海湾JX油田资源-CSDN文库

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Open Journal of Geology, 2018, 8, 859-873

http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojg

ISSN Online: 2161-7589

ISSN Print: 2161-7570

DOI:

10.4236/ojg.2018.89050 Aug. 6, 2018 859 Open Journal of Geology

Integrating Geology and Engineering for

Viscous Oil Production Improvement

—JX Oilfield, Bohai Bay, China

Zhicheng Yang

, Yunpeng Li, Zongbin Liu, Gaige Wang, Qi Cheng

JX Oilfield, Bohai Bay, Tianjin, China

Abstract

In this paper a case study is presented where refined 3D reservoir geology

models, well pattern pilot test and Real-time GeoSteering tools have been in-

tegrated to optimize production performance of a viscous oil reserve. The

viscous reserves were of high structural dip angle. In addition delta deposi-

tional system represented highly variable geomorphology, where stacked

sandbodies and shale bedding are crossing each other frequently. In order to

keep a higher production rate, using horizontal wells along with water injec-

tion was not enough; therefore, detailed reservoir characterization, well pat-

tern pilot experiment and GeoSteering were used to optimize previous de-

velopment strategy and keep horizontal trajectories safely landing into reser-

voir target zone. The stratigraphic sequence architecture that is derived from

seismic interpretations captured the variation within these high dip structural

backgrounds very effectively. The best combination of choices was “Injecting

Water outside from OWC” and “Stair Sha

ped Horizontal Trajectories”. The

borehole collision risks of these optimized strategies

were then analyzed and

controlled successfully by the GeoSteering

tools during trajectory landing

process. The reservoir development performance is improved tremendous

as result of these renewed development strategies.

Keywords

High Viscosity Oil Development, Integration of Geology a

nd Engineering,

Horizontal Well Development, GeoSteering, Improvement of Recovery Efficiency

1. Introduction

The study area comprises of an oil field where 4 wells have been drilled in the

second and third member of the DongYing (Ed2~3). These wells drilled were

targeting the conventional front delta deposits within this strike slip basin. Well

How to cite this paper:

Yang, Z.C., Li,

.P., Liu, Z.B., Wang, G.G. and Cheng, Q

(201

8) Integrating Geology and Engineer-

ing for Viscous Oil Production Improv

ment

—JX Oilfield, Bohai Bay, China.

Open

Journal of Geology

, 859-873.

https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2018.89050

Received:

July 11, 2018

Accepted:

August 3, 2018

Published:

August 6, 2018

8 by authors and

Scientific

Research Publishing Inc.

This work

is licensed under the Creative

Commons Attribution International

License (CC BY

4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Open Access

Z. C. Yang et al.

DOI:

10.4236/ojg.2018.89050 860 Open Journal of Geology

JX-1 was drilled in 1998 which was the first deep well targeting the reservoir; the

well encountered several different reservoir sands in the upper section. Hori-

zontal Well JX-X was drilled in 2000, targeting the reservoir. The results of both

the wells were very similar, which showed that the Lower Unit is comprised of

thick sand which contains several different sand units ranging from 5 to 10 m

thickness. The spreading length of these sand bodies (400 - 500 m) is too narrow

to be well controlled with this kind of well pattern.

The production results of wells were not exceptionally well, and both wells

flowed 9.5 and 9.2 m/d after which the wells depleted rapidly. Well B was drilled

only 300 m away from Well A, but to surprise this well encountered only frac-

tions of sand units in the Upper Unit where the thickness of sand bodies was

only 2 to 5 meters much less as compared to sand thickness in Well A and B. As

a result of this complex reservoir in terms of production behavior and indica-

tions of a complex depositional environment and steep structural background in

this paper, a geological reservoir engineering integrated workflow was adopted

along with detailed working one horizontal trajectories design to understand the

full potential of this field and to determine the best location for the next devel-

opment wells.

JX Oilfield is located in middle area of Liao sag, China Bohai Bay (

Figure 1).

The average water depth is 29 m. Because of Tan-Lu slip faults system, it is di-

vided into east and west parts by No.1 LiaoZhong Major fault. Furthermore, it is

made up with many fault blocks which are controlled by associated faults. Con-

trolled by this giant slip fault, western part is a simple anticline, but the eastern

one is a complicated fault block trap. Both parts have a similar average dip angle

between 8˚ to 15˚.

Figure 1. Location map of JX oilfield and regional structural background, target block is

in south-west corner 5 block.

Z. C. Yang et al.

DOI:

10.4236/ojg.2018.89050 861 Open Journal of Geology

Reservoir was formed during DongYin Period; sedimentary environment is

consisted of meandering and braid delta. The total reservoir thickness is thick,

but is separated in regular spacing shaly layers. In a map view, the reservoir

shows a strip distribution pattern with width between 280 - 700 m. It is a typical

clastic rock consisting mid-fine and feldspar debris sand, low ingredient mature,

average content of quartz is 37.2%, feldspar is 39%, debris is 23.8%. Oil viscosity

is ranging between 248.00 ~ 262.00 mPa∙s, Formation 2 average pososity is

29.6%, permeability 1431.3 mD, and Formation 3 average pososity is 26.8%,

permeability 893.3 mD. In general, it is a premium reservoir with high porosity

and permeability but high fluid viscosity.

JX Oilfield is located in Tan-Lu slip fault band. The reservoirs have been dis-

covered on each side of the slip fault band. West block has a lot of associated

faults and strata dip is between 8˚ ~ 15˚. It is considered as layer structural trap

and without a unify OWC. The maximum thickness of reservoir is 193 m with 8

sets of water-oil system, oil viscosity is ranging from 248 to 262 mPa∙s. It is very

difficult to make a comprehensive field development strategy for this oilfield

with narrow oil area and multiple target zones. As a result, calibrated EOR only

achieves 19.6% since first ODP has been executed 2008.

The dataset for this study is summarized below:

1) 30 sq·km of 3D seismic.

2) Openhole common logs and petrophysical analysis.

3) Production history of all wells.

2. Objectives

In order to further improve the understanding of the reservoir and reduce the

risk of drilling, the project team has developed research objectives. The objec-

tives of this study are summarized below:

1) To determine the stratigraphic sequence architecture of Dong 2-3 mem-

bers.

2) To map the distribution channels and mouth bars based on seismic

attributes and inverted impedence and to distinguish between reservoir to

non-reservoir.

3) To build up a static 3D model based on the existing data which strongly in-

tegrates the dimensions of the sand bodies.

4) To choose one plan from different well optimized patterns according to the

3D model forecasting simulation results.

5) To design “stair shaped” horizontal trajectories with this 3D model.

6) To update geology understanding after optimized wells being drilled.

3. Challenge

3.1. Challenge 1, Complex Structure and Reservoir Heterogeneity

Complex slip fault background. Previous researches proved that the complex

fault structural was controlled by slip faults band (

Figure 2). There is an apparent

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