SAE J1939 Revised JAN2005
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Gateway — This device permits data to be transferred between two networks with different protocols or
message sets. The gateway provides a means to repackage parameters into new message groups when
transferring messages from one segment to another.
Group Extension (GE) — This is a PDU specific field of a J1939 CAN Data Frame that is used as part of the
information necessary to determine the Parameter Group Number.
Identifier — The identifier portion of the CAN arbitration field.
Idle — A state on the CAN bus where no node is transmitting or attempting to transmit data.
Implement — A machine consisting of one or more ECUs which may be attached to or detached from the
vehicle as a unit.
Media — The physical entity which conveys the electrical transmission (or equivalent means of communication)
between ECUs on the network. For J1939/11, the media consists of shielded twisted pair copper wires.
Message — A “message” is equivalent to one or more “CAN Data Frames” that have the same Parameter
Group Number. For instance the information related to a single Parameter Group Number to be transferred on
the bus may take several CAN data frames.
Multipacket Messages — A type of J1939 message which is used when more than one CAN data frame is
required to transmit all data specific to a given Parameter Group Number. Each CAN data frame will have the
same identifier but will contain different data in each packet.
NAME - An 8 byte value which uniquely identifies the primary function of an ECU and its instance on the
network. A device's NAME must be unique, no two devices may share the same NAME value on a given
vehicle network.
Node — A specific hardware connection of an ECU to the physical media. A specific node may have more than
one address claimed on the network.
Non-Volatile — Retention of changeable memory values even though power is turned off for any reason. This
term is used with respect to data values, such as ECU addresses or NAMEs, that are changed during use.
Read Only Memory (ROM) is technically non-volatile, but is not changeable during use and thus not what is
referred to in these documents.
Negative-Acknowledgment (NACK) — A response which indicates that a message has not been understood or
a requested action could not be performed.
Packet — A single CAN data frame. This can also be a message if the Parameter Group to be transferred can
be expressed in one CAN data frame.
Parameter Group (PG) — A collection of parameters that are conveyed in a J1939 message. Parameter
Groups include commands, data, requests, acknowledgments, and negative-acknowledgments. The PG
identifies the data in a message, regardless of whether it is a single packet or multipacket message. Parameter
Groups are not dependent on the source address field thus allowing any source to send any Parameter Group.
Parameter Group Number (PGN) — A three byte, 24 bit, representation of the Reserved Bit, Data Page, PDU
Format, and GE fields. The Parameter Group Number uniquely identifies a particular Parameter Group.
PDU Format (PF) — An 8 bit field in the 29 bit identifier that identifies the PDU format and is used in whole or in
part to provide a label for a Parameter Group. It also is one of the fields used to determine the Parameter
Group Number which labels the data field of the CAN Data Frame.
PDU Specific (PS) — An 8-bit field in the 29 bit identifier whose definition depends upon the value of the PDU
Format field. It can be either a destination address (DA) or Group Extension (GE). It also is one of the fields
used to determine the Parameter Group Number which labels the data field of the CAN Data Frame.
PDU1 Format — A PDU format used for messages that are to be sent to a destination address (DA). The PS
field contains the destination address (specific or global).
PDU2 Format — A PDU format used to send information that has been labeled using the Group Extension
technique. This PDU does not contain a destination address. The PS field contains the Group Extension in the
case of PDU2 formats.
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