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西门子及组态王配料生产线控制系统设计.docx
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西门子及组态王配料生产线控制系统设计.docx
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毕 业 设 计(论 文)
题 目:基于西门子 PLC200 及组态王的配料生产线控制
系统设计
(英文):Design of Ingredients Production Line Control
System Based on Siemens PLC200 and Kingview
院 别: 自动化学院
专 业: 电气工程及其自动化
姓 名: xxx
学 号: xxx
指导教师: xxx
日 期: 2012 年 5 月
基于西门子 PLC200 及组态王的配料生产线控
制系统设计
摘要
随着社会的进步、科技日新月异,从 18 世纪 60 年代的以蒸汽机为主要动力的工业
革命开始直到现在,工业的生产线经历过了 300 多年的发展历史,已经发展到了今天的
全自动化大批量生产。可以说现代工业已经离不开自动化的生产线了,自动化生产线不
仅可以大幅度地提高生产效率,而且还可以提高精度、提高合格率、减轻人的工作量等
好处。在工业如此发达的今天,生产线控制系统逐渐地由 PLC 控制代替原来的单片机
或机械电气控制,其许多功能是传统的控制技术无法实现的。
本设计针对我国一些小型企业的配料生产线控制系统现状,将西门子 S7-200 系列
的 PLC 应用于小型的配料生产线,再由组态王作为人机交互的界面作为远程控制和监
控作用。本设计通过合理的选择和编程,不仅可以提高配料生产线的生产效率、降低成
本、提高安全可靠性,还可以根据不同的配料合理调整 PLC 程序的参数,而且可以直
接通过组态王监控、控制和调整参数,实现远程控制,提高人性化。
关键词:生产线;PLC;组态王
Design of Ingredients Production Line Control
System Based on the Siemens PLC200 and
Kingview
ABSTRACT
With the progress of society and the great changes of science and technology, from the
1760s when the steam engine is acted as the main power of the beginning of the industrial
revolution to now, industrial production lines have experienced 300-year developmental
history, and has developed into fully automated mass production currently. It can be said that
modern industry has been inseparable from the automated production line. Automatic
production line not only can greatly improve the production efficiency, but also can improve
the precision, boost qualified rate, reduce the workload. Nowadays industry is developed, and
production line control system is r gradually replaced the original single chip computer or
electrical machinery control with the PLC control. Many of its functions can not be achieved
just through traditional control technology .
This paper aims to small business ingredient production line control system in our
country, and applys the PLC of Siemens S7-200 series to small batch production line, and
treats kingview as a human-computer interaction interface for remote control and monitoring
function. This paper through the reasonable selection and programming, can not only improve
the batching production efficiency, reduce the cost, improve the safety and reliability, and
make reasonable adjustment of PLC program parameters according to the different
ingredients , but also can directly via the kingview's monitor, control and adjustment of
parameters, to realize the remote control and improve humanization.
Key words: Production Line; PLC; Kingview
目 录
1 绪论..........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 配料生产线的发展概括 ...................................................................................................1
1.2 单片机控制系统特点与存在问题 ...................................................................................2
1.3 PLC 控制配料生产线的特点...........................................................................................2
1.4 组态王的特点 ...................................................................................................................3
1.5 课题研究的意义和目的 ...................................................................................................4
2 可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)概要............................................................................................5
2.1 PLC 简介...........................................................................................................................5
2.2 可编程控制器(PLC)的特点 ............................................................................................5
2.2.1 硬件的可靠性.............................................................................................................5
2.2.2 编程简单,使用方便................................................................................................6
2.2.3 接线简单,通用性好................................................................................................6
2.2.4 可连接为控制网络系统.............................................................................................6
2.2.5 易于安装,便于维护................................................................................................7
2.3 PLC 的硬件结构...............................................................................................................7
2.3.1 中央处理单元(CPU)............................................................................................7
2.3.2 存储器(RAM、ROM) ..........................................................................................8
2.3.3 输入输出单元(I/O 单元) ......................................................................................8
2.3.4 电源.............................................................................................................................8
2.3.5 编程器.........................................................................................................................9
2.4 PLC 的工作原理...............................................................................................................9
3 配料生产线系统分析............................................................................................................10
3.1 配料生产线系统的概述与分类 .....................................................................................10
3.2 配料生产线系统的组成 .................................................................................................11
3.3 配料生产线的控制要求 .................................................................................................12
3.4 配料生产线控制系统的流程图 .....................................................................................13
3.5 配料生产线控制系统的性能及特点 .............................................................................14
3.6 配料自动控制过程 .........................................................................................................14
4 配料生产线控制系统的硬件设计........................................................................................16
4.1 配料生产线的工艺 .........................................................................................................16
4.2 可编程控制器 PLC 的选型 ...........................................................................................17
4.2.1 输入输出(I/O)点数的确定 .................................................................................17
4.2.2 内存估计...................................................................................................................18
4.2.3 PLC 的类型 ..............................................................................................................18
4.2.4 输入输出模块的选择...............................................................................................18
4.2.5 电源的选择...............................................................................................................18
4.2.6 经济性的考虑...........................................................................................................19
4.2.7 机型的选择...............................................................................................................19
4.3 变频器的选择 .................................................................................................................20
4.3.1 变频器的概述...........................................................................................................20
4.3.2 传送带和搅拌机的电机调速系统...........................................................................20
4.3.3 变频器型号的选择...................................................................................................21
4.4 电机的选择 .....................................................................................................................21
4.4.1 电机选择的基本内容...............................................................................................21
4.4.2 连续工作制的电机容量选择...................................................................................23
4.4.3 电机型号的选择.......................................................................................................24
4.4.4 系统的硬件框图.......................................................................................................25
5 配料生产线控制系统的软件设置........................................................................................27
5.1 编程软件 STEP7 的概述................................................................................................27
5.2 程序设计常用方法 .........................................................................................................28
5.2.1 经验设计法...............................................................................................................28
5.2.2 逻辑设计法...............................................................................................................28
5.2.3 顺序控制法...............................................................................................................28
5.3 PLC 地址分配.................................................................................................................29
5.3.1 输入/输出的分配如下 ............................................................................................29
5.3.2 PLC 外部接线图 ......................................................................................................30
5.3.3 PLC 符号表 ..............................................................................................................31
5.4 各程序段模块分析 ........................................................................................................31
5.4.1 初始化参数...............................................................................................................31
5.4.2 三种启动方式...........................................................................................................32
5.4.3 传送带 1 号运料......................................................................................................34
5.4.4 搅拌配料与运走配料..............................................................................................35
5.4.5 程序的循环设定......................................................................................................38
5.4.6 指示灯和报警部分..................................................................................................40
6 系统监控画面编程................................................................................................................43
6.1 组态王的简介 .................................................................................................................43
6.2 组态王与 PLC 的通讯....................................................................................................45
6.3 组态变量 .........................................................................................................................46
6.4 主画面 .............................................................................................................................47
6.5 实时趋势画面 .................................................................................................................49
6.6 参数调节画面 .................................................................................................................49
6.7 编程语言 .........................................................................................................................51
7 结论与展望............................................................................................................................53
7.1 结论 .................................................................................................................................53
7.2 心得 .................................................................................................................................53
7.3 展望 ................................................................................................................................54
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