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第一章:引言(2学时) 第二章:文本特征提取技术(4学时) 第三章:文本检索技术(6学时) 第四章:文本自动分类技术(3学时) 第五章:文本自动聚类技术(3学时) 第六章:话题检测与追踪(3学时) 第七章:文本过滤技术(1.5学时) 第八章:关联分析技术(1.5学时) 第九章:文档自动摘要技术(3学时) 第十章:信息抽取(3学时) 第十一章:智能问答(QA)技术(1.5学时) 第十二章:Ontology(1.5学时) 第十三章:半结构化文本挖掘方法(1.5学时) 第十四章:文本挖掘工具与应用(1.5学时)
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第十一章:
1
智能问答( QA )技术
文 本 挖 掘 技
术
Query Driven vs Answer Driven
Information Access
2
What does LASER stand for?
When did Hitler attack Soviet Union?
Using Google we find documents containing
the question itself, no matter whether or not
the answer is actually provided.
Current information access is query
driven.
Question Answering proposes an
answer driven approach to information
access.
3
Alternatives to
Information Retrieval
Document Retrieval
users submit queries corresponding to their
information need
system returns (voluminous) list of full-length
documents
it is the responsibility of the users to find their original
information need, within the returned documents
Question Answering (QA)
users ask fact-based, natural language
questions What is the highest volcano in
Europe?
system returns list of short answers
Under Mount Etna, the highest volcano in Europe,
perches the fabulous town …
more appropriate for specific information needs
4
Searching for: TaorminaWhat continent is Taormina in?What continent is Taormina in? Europe
Document
collection
From the Caledonian Star in the Mediterranean –
September 23, 1990 (www.expeditions.com):
On a beautiful early morning the Caledonian Star
approaches Naxos, situated on the east coast of Sicily.
As we anchored and put the Zodiacs into the sea we
enjoyed the great scenery. Under Mount Etna, the
highest volcano in Europe, perches the fabulous town
of Taormina. This is the goal for our morning.
After a short Zodiac ride we embarked our buses with
local guides and went up into the hills to reach the
town of Taormina.
Naxos was the first Greek settlement at Sicily. Soon a
harbor was established but the town was later
destroyed by invaders.[...]
Why Question Answering?
问答系统
5
输入:自然语言的提问方式
输出:准确的答案
IR 的扩展 + IE
A 、更充分的表达使用者的提问意图;
questions (in place of keyword-based query)
B 、直接返回答案,而不是文档列表
answers (in place of documents)
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