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云计算-基于全寿命周期的船体极限强度计算方法研究.pdf
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云计算-基于全寿命周期的船体极限强度计算方法研究.pdf
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II
STUDY ON ULTIMATE STRENGTH CALCULATING
METHOD FOR SHIP HULL IN ITS ENTIRE LIFE
ABSTRACT
Ultimate strength of ship hull structure is the largest ability to resist
the collapse of the whole ship structure. Calculation of the ultimate
strength of ship hull structure in its life cycle is benefit for evaluating the
actual safety margin of ship structure in its service time, using material
rationally, reducing the ship weight, lowering manufacturing and
maintenance costs and increasing load capacity.
The method of calculating the ship hull ultimate strength is
considering the variety of strength in design, construction, and operation
in order to provide technical support rationally. The structure ultimate
strength mentioned above is ultimate strength of the ship hull structure
without defect. During the operating period, damages caused by corrosion
and fatigue reduce the ultimate strength of hull structure variety gradually.
Obviously, ship hull structure ultimate strength is a time dependent issue
considering the structural fracture and corrosion. It is necessary to study
the ship hull ultimate strength with damage.
In this paper, calculating ship hull ultimate strength in its life cycle is
based on the Smith method and considering the effect of time-varying
factors such as corrosion damage, fatigue crack damage. In order to
propose a method of calculating the ultimate strength of the plate with
arbitrary located crack and the ultimate strength of the stiffened panel
with complex crack, non-dimensional parametric analysis is conducted.
In the end, a method of calculating ship hull ultimate strength in its life
cycle is proposed and the corresponding program is developed.
The results demonstrate that Smith method can describe the collapse
of the hull structure model correctly. The effect of corrosion damage and
fatigue crack damage factors on the ultimate strength can be quantified
III
with Smith method. The method of calculating ship hull ultimate strength
in its life cycle is validated with test data and FEM results. The results
show the present method has good applicability and application
prospects.
Keywords: Ship structures, ultimate strength, time-varying effect, FEM
analysis
IV
目 录
第一章 绪论 .................................................................1
1.1
选题的目的和意义........................................................................................................... 1
1.2 研究方法............................................................................................................................2
1.2.1 理论方法 ..................................................................................................................2
1.2.2 试验方法 ..................................................................................................................3
1.3 理论计算方法的发展和现状 .......................................................................................... 3
1.4 试验研究的发展 ............................................................................................................... 5
1.5 本文的主要研究内容.......................................................................................................6
第二章 腐蚀和疲劳损伤对船体结构的影响.................................................................................... 7
2.1 引言..................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 腐蚀对船体结构的影响...................................................................................................7
2.2.1 典型的经验模型......................................................................................................7
2.2.2 Qin-Cui 模型........................................................................................................... 9
2.2.3 腐蚀模型比较算例................................................................................................ 11
2.3 疲劳裂纹扩展模型......................................................................................................... 13
2.3.1 Huang 模型介绍.....................................................................................................15
2.3.2 疲劳裂纹扩展模型算例 ....................................................................................... 16
2.4 本章小结..........................................................................................................................17
第三章 考虑时变效应的 SMITH 方法 ........................................................................................... 18
3.1 引言................................................................................................................................... 18
3.2 SMITH 方法原理............................................................................................................. 18
3.3 板的性能..........................................................................................................................19
3.3.1 受拉时的平均应力—平均应变关系.................................................................... 20
3.3.2 长板受压时的平均应力—平均应变关系 ...........................................................20
V
3.4 残余应力对板性能的影响 ............................................................................................. 23
3.4.1 残余应力的理想分布............................................................................................23
3.4.2 本文计及残余应力的方法 ....................................................................................23
3.5 支承骨架屈曲对板性能的影响 ................................................................................24
3.6 初始变形对板性能的影响 ........................................................................................25
3.7 侧向载荷对板性能的影响 ........................................................................................26
3.8 宽板受压时的平均应力—平均应变关系 ....................................................................27
3.9 板格单元的性能 ............................................................................................................. 28
3.9.1 板格单元的破坏模式............................................................................................29
3.9.2 板格单元受拉时的平均应力—平均应变曲线.................................................. 30
3.9.3 受压时屈服破坏模式的平均应力—平均应变曲线........................................... 30
3.9.4 受压时梁柱型弯曲屈曲破坏模式的平均应力—平均应变曲线 ..........31
3.10
硬角单元性能 ...............................................................................................................33
3.11 腐蚀破坏和疲劳破坏的影响....................................................................................... 35
3.12 本章小结........................................................................................................................36
第四章 裂纹对船体结构强度的影响............................................................................................... 37
4.1 引言................................................................................................................................... 37
4.2 含裂纹平板极限强度的影响参数................................................................................ 37
4.2.1 屈强比的影响........................................................................................................ 37
4.2.2 裂纹偏心的影响.....................................................................................................42
4.3 含任意位置裂纹平板的拉伸极限强度计算................................................................ 44
4.5 含裂纹加筋板的拉伸极限强度计算............................................................................47
4.6 有限元计算含裂纹加筋板的拉伸极限强度................................................................ 48
4.6.1 含垂直穿透裂纹加筋板的拉伸极限强度 .......................................................... 48
4.6.2 含倾斜穿透裂纹加筋板拉伸极限强度 .............................................................. 51
4.7 本章小结..........................................................................................................................52
VI
第五章 基于全寿命周期的船体极限强度计算程序 ..................................................................... 53
5.1 计算程序 VB_USTRENGTH1.0 .......................................................................................53
5.1.1 船体总纵极限弯矩计算流程............................................................................... 53
5.1.2 程序流程图 .............................................................................................................53
5.1.3 VB_UStrength1.0 程序功能和特点..................................................................... 55
5.1.4 程序界面简介........................................................................................................ 55
5.2 程序的验证 ...................................................................................................................... 62
5.2.1 Dowling No.2 模型................................................................................................62
5.2.2 800t 甲板驳模型...................................................................................................65
5.2.3 某散货船 ................................................................................................................67
5.3 基于全寿命周期的船体极限强度计算算例 ............................................................... 69
5.3.1 模型的选择 ............................................................................................................69
5.3.2 损伤计算 ................................................................................................................69
5.3.3 计算结果分析 .........................................................................................................70
5.4 本章小结..........................................................................................................................71
第六章 全文总结与研究展望 ........................................................................................................... 72
6.1 全文总结..........................................................................................................................72
6.2 主要创新点......................................................................................................................72
6.3 研究展望..........................................................................................................................73
参考文献............................................................................................................................................... 74
附录:................................................................................................................................................... 78
附录 1:含穿透裂纹矩形平板的参数定义 ..................................................................................... 78
附录 2:5.2.3 节某散货船横剖面单元划分结果.......................................................................... 79
致 谢................................................................................................................................................... 82
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