云计算-基于SGOG瓦块的大区域真三维地理空间计算方法研究.pdf

摘要

I

摘要

地球系统，物理上是多圈层的流体空间，逻辑上是非线性的复杂巨系统。人

们对地理空间认知和描述的数据模型经历了地图投影、全球离散网格（Discrete

Global Grid Systems，DGGs）和地球系统空间网格（Earth System Spatial Grid，

ESSG）三个阶段。适用于小尺度空间的地图投影模型存在着数据裂缝、空间分

析不准确、数据集成与共享困难等三大问题。DGGs 仅恢复了地球表面的流体性

等基本模型理论。本文在以上基础上实现了 SGOG 网格在大流域地形与大区域

地质体真三维建模与分析中的应用。主要研究成果如下：

（1）提出了修正 SGOG 编码方法。针对已有 SGOG 网格编码主要针对地球

固体本身的缺陷，提出圈层码部分用一位十六进制数表示，区分球面四叉树与径

向二叉树，实现横纵向独立剖分；为解决固定方向编码码序旋向不同，不利于模

型渲染的问题，提出了修正方向编码方法。

（2）提出了基于 SGOG 瓦块的大尺度地理空间真三维建模方法。依据 SGOG

的剖分机制，将经过适宜性处理（抽稀或加密）的地理空间特征点，映射到某层

网格编码上，进而落实到瓦块实体上，藉此构建多尺度的地理空间可视化模型；

利用地理空间特征（高程或地层性质等）阈值，控制 SGOG 的递归剖分层次，

摘要

II

SGOG 网格模型，实现了地下空间的真三维分析。包括几何特征（表面积与体积）

计算、任意三维剖面和虚拟数字钻孔。

（4）研发了基于 SGOG 瓦块的真三维地理空间建模与分析系统。基于以上

研究，利用 MFC 框架和 OSG 环境，实现了基于 SGOG 瓦块的真三维地理空间

建模与分析系统的开发，功能包括 SGOG 剖分算法实现、大尺度地理空间真三

维建模与渲染、数字地形分析、地下空间三维分析等模块。获得 2 项软件著作

权。

关键词：地球系统空间网格；球体测地线（QTM）八叉树网格；真三维地理空间

建模；空间分析；网格编码

Abstract

III

The earth system is a fluid space with multi-circle layers in physics and a complex

and non-linear giant system in logic. The data model of people's understanding and

description of geospatial has gone through three stages: map projection, Discrete

Global Grid Systems (DGGs) and Earth System Spatial Grid (ESSG). Map projection

model for small-scale space has three major problems: data cracks, inaccurate spatial

Sphere Geodesic Octree Grid (SGOG) is a kind of ESSG model, which has the

characteristics of concise division rules, simple tile shape, regular arrangement and

clear geometric characteristics. Previous research has achieved the basic model theory

of partition system construction, grid deformation analysis, grid coding and decoding

methods. On the basis of the above, this paper realizes the application of SGOG grid

in the true three-dimensional modeling and analysis of terrain and geological body in

large watershed. The main research results are as follows:

（1）A modified SGOG coding method is proposed. For the existing SGOG grid

coding mainly for the defects of the earth solid itself, the layer code part is represented

by a hexadecimal number. Distinguish between spherical quadtree splitting and radial

Abstract

IV

a certain layer of grid coding, and then implemented on the brick entity to construct a

multi-scale geospatial visualization model. Using the threshold of geospatial features

(elevation or stratigraphic properties, etc.), control the recursive splitting hierarchy of

SGOG, and construct an adaptive multi-scale geospatial true three-dimensional model.

Based on SGOG bricks, true three-dimensional modeling of sky, air and ground

integration can be realized.

（3）The method of true three-dimensional geospatial analysis is studied. Based

on the true three-dimensional geomorphic model of the Yangtze River Basin and the

geometric characteristics of SGOG bricks, the multi-scale true three-dimensional

Economic Zone, a true three-dimensional analysis of the underground space is realized.

Includes geometric features (surface area and volume) calculations, arbitrary 3D

profiles, and virtual digital drilling.

（4）A true 3D geospatial modeling and analysis system based on SGOG bricks

was developed. Based on the above research, using the MFC framework and the OSG

environment, the development of a true 3D geospatial modeling and analysis system

based on SGOG bricks is realized. Functions include SGOG split algorithm

implementation, large-scale geospatial true 3D modeling and rendering, digital terrain

analysis, and underground space 3D analysis. Obtained 2 software copyrights.

Key Words : Earth System Spatial Grid；Sphere Geodesic Octree Grid；True Three-

目录

V

1.2 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................... 1

1.3 研究内容与技术路线 ................................................................................ 11

1.4 本文的章节安排 ........................................................................................ 13

1.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................... 14

2.1 SGOG 剖分方案概述 ................................................................................ 15

2.2 修正 SGOG 编码设计 ............................................................................... 15

2.3 SGOG 瓦块的几何特征 ............................................................................ 20

2.5 SGOG 瓦块可视化技术 ............................................................................ 25

3.2 SGOG 网格高程匹配 ................................................................................ 28