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土木工程毕业设计(论文)-武汉市某中学教学楼建筑结构设计.doc
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土木工程毕业设计(论文)-武汉市某中学教学楼建筑结构设计.doc
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武汉科技大学本科毕业设计
1
本科毕业设计
题目:
武汉市某中学教学楼建筑结构设计
学 院:
城市建设学院
专 业:
土木工程
学 号:
201008141118
学生姓名:
指导教师:
日 期:
二○一四年六月
武汉科技大学本科毕业设计
2
目录
绪论……………………………………………………….……………………………………1
1............................................................................................................................建筑设计
................................................................................................................................................................2
1. 1 设计任务和主要要求 .......................................................................................................2
1.1.1 设计任务 .....................................................................................................................2
1.1.2 设计要求 .....................................................................................................................2
1.2 建筑物所处的自然条件 ....................................................................................................2
1.2.1 气象条件 .....................................................................................................................2
1.2.2 地形、地质及地震烈度 .............................................................................................3
1.3 建筑设计文件的内容及要求.............................................................................................3
1. 4 建筑平面设计 ...................................................................................................................3
1.4.1 主要使用房间的设计 ..................................................................................................3
2 结构设计........................................................................................................................................5
2.1 设计资料 ............................................................................................................................5
2.2 结构设计的一般原则 ........................................................................................................6
2.2.1 结构设计目的 .............................................................................................................6
2.2.2 结构设计的一般原则 .................................................................................................6
2.3 结构选型 ............................................................................................................................7
2.3.1 结构体系选型 .............................................................................................................7
2.3.2 框架施工方法 .............................................................................................................7
2.3.3 其他结构选型 .............................................................................................................7
2.4 框架结构计算简图及构件尺寸.........................................................................................7
2.4.1 简化假定 .....................................................................................................................7
2. 4. 2 主要构件选型及尺寸的初步估算.............................................................................7
2.4.3 确定框架计算简图 .....................................................................................................9
2.5 荷载标准值计算 ..............................................................................................................12
2.5.1 恒荷载计算 ...............................................................................................................12
2.5.2 活荷载计算 ...............................................................................................................16
武汉科技大学本科毕业设计
3
2.5.4 地震荷载计算 .........................................................................................................19
2.6 框架侧移计算 ...................................................................................................................22
2.7 内力分析 ...........................................................................................................................23
2.7.1 恒荷载作用下的内力计算 .......................................................................................23
2.7.2 活荷载作用下的内力计算 .......................................................................................25
2.7.3 风荷载作用下的内力计算 .......................................................................................30
2.7.4 地震作用下的内力计算 ...........................................................................................40
2.7.5 重力荷载代表值作用下的内力计算.........................................................................46
2.8 内力组合 ..........................................................................................................................46
2.9 梁柱截面设计 ..................................................................................................................57
2.9.1 框架梁截面设计 .......................................................................................................57
2.9.2 框架柱截面设计 .......................................................................................................62
2.10 楼板设计 ........................................................................................................................66
2.11 楼梯设计 ........................................................................................................................67
2.11.1 设计参数 .................................................................................................................67
2.11.2 梯段板(TB)计算 .................................................................................................67
2.11.3 平台板设计 .............................................................................................................68
2.11.4 平台梁设计 .............................................................................................................69
2.12 基础设计 ........................................................................................................................70
2.12.1 K 柱基础设计 ...........................................................................................................70
2.12.2 HJ 柱联合基础设计..................................................................................................75
3. 结构软件应用 .............................................................................................................................82
3. 1 结构软件选择 .................................................................................................................82
3.1.1 概述 ...........................................................................................................................82
3.1.2 PKPM 系列软件的发展..............................................................................................82
3.1.3 PKPM 系列软件的特点..............................................................................................83
3.1.4 PKPM 系列软件的模块组成......................................................................................83
3. 2 模型输入和结构设计 .....................................................................................................84
3.2.1 建筑模型与荷载输入 ...............................................................................................84
3.2.2 平面荷载显示与校核 ...............................................................................................91
3.2.3 形成 PK 文件 .............................................................................................................92
3.2.4 结构计算 ...................................................................................................................97
3. 3 电算与手算结果比较分析............................................................................................109
武汉科技大学本科毕业设计
4
3.3.1 电算与手算结果的比较 .........................................................................................109
3.3.2 结果分析 .................................................................................................................109
3.3.3 结论 .........................................................................................................................109
参考文献…………………………………………………………………….…………….. 110
致谢........................................................................................................................................111
摘 要
教育事业是一项关乎国计民生的大事件,而中小学作为教育体系中不可缺少的一部
分,是为高等院校提供充足生源的基础。在中小学教学体系中,基础设施建设不仅关系
到学生的学习以及身心健康,更是直接关系着学生的人身安全。近年来的社会发展中,
由教学楼质量问题而造成的学生伤亡事件不断上升,给国家经济和社会发展带来了严重
的影响。因此,做好中小学教学楼设计工作就显得格外重要。本文就根据教学楼设计规
范和其它相关标准,以及设计要求和提供的地质资料,设计该框架结构教学楼。 按照
先建筑后结构,先整体布局后局部节点设计步骤设计。主要内容包括:设计资料、建筑
设计总说明、建筑的平面、立面、剖面图设计说明,以及其它部分的设计说明;结构平
面布置及计算简图确定、荷载计算、内力计算、内力组合、主梁截面设计和配筋计算、
框架柱截面设计和配筋计算、次梁截面设计配筋计算、楼板和屋面设计、楼梯设计,基
础设计等。其中有风荷载作用下的框架弯矩、剪力和轴力图;地震水平作用下的框架弯
矩、剪力和轴力图;恒荷载和活荷载作用下的框架弯矩、剪力和轴力图以及梁柱的内力
组合表。除此之外,还通过PKPM软件的应用,来比较手算与电算结果。
关键词: 教学楼; 建筑设计; 结构设计;钢筋混凝土框架结构; PKPM 软件
武汉科技大学本科毕业设计
5
Abstract
Education is a major event related to people's livelihood, while primary and secondary
education, as an indispensable part of education system are the fundamental part to provide
adequate students sources for colleges and universities.In primary and secondary education
system, the infrastructure construction is not only related to students’ learning but also to their
physical and mental health. What’s more, it is even directly related to the student's personal
safety. During the social development in recent years, students casualty incident caused by
classroom buildings problems rise rapidly, thus bringing serious impact on national economic
and social development. Therefore, it is of huge significance to achieve the safety design tasks
in primary and secondary school buildings construction.According to building design
specifications, other relevant standards ,design requirements and provide geological data, then
design the framework of the classroom building. After the first building in accordance with
the structure and layout of the overall after the first local node design steps design. Main
contents include : design, architectural design of the total shows that the construction of the
plane, facade, profile design specifications, , and other parts of the design; structural layout
and schematic calculation of identification, load, stress, the combination of internal forces,
Primary beam section design and calculation, columns of frame design and calculation,
secondary beam design and calculation, floor and roof design, stair design, infrastructure
design. Enclosing the framework of moment, shear and axial figure under wing load; the
framework of moment, shear and axial figure under horizontal earthquake load; the
framework of moment, shear, axial figure under constant load and live load, and the table of
the combination of internal forces of beam-columns.Besides,compare the result of
computerization and hand calculation through the application of PKPM.
Key Words: teaching building; architectural design; structure design; reinforced
concrete frame structure; software of PKPM
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