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哈尔滨工业大学计算机网络4HitNetwork4v5.1.pptx
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2022-11-13
16:11:17
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哈尔滨工业大学计算机网络4HitNetwork4v5.1.pptx
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Network Performance Analysis
& Evaluation
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86993004/bg2.jpg)
Network Study & Research
Some Myths about the Network
Problem
Congestion occurs when the demand is
greater than the available resources:
ΣDemand>Available Resources
E.g. Insufficient router memory, slow
processors (of routers), low bandwidth links,
etc.
As resources become less expensive, the
problem of congestion will be solved
automatically?
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86993004/bg3.jpg)
Congestion discussion
Congestioniscausedbyashortageofbufferspace
andwillbesolvedwhenmemorybecomescheap
enoughto
allow infinitely largememories?
Congestion is caused byslow links. The problem
will be solved when high-speed links become
available?
Congestion is caused byslow processors. The
problem will be solved when the speed of the
processors is improved?
-If not one, then all of the above developments
will cause the congestion problem to go away?
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86993004/bg4.jpg)
Could the congestion problem be
solved with a large buffer space?
Too little memory:
too much traffic will lead to buffer overflow and packet loss
•Too much memory:队列太长,延时太长超时导致重发。
the queues and the delays can get so long that by the time the
packets come out of the switch,most of them have already
timed out and have been retransmitted by higher layers packets
(or their retransmissions) have to be droppedafter they have
consumed precious network re-sources.
•Too much memory in the intermediate nodes is as harmful as too
little memory.
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/86993004/bg5.jpg)
Could the congestion problem be solved
with high-speed links?
•Introducing high-speed links without proper congestion control can
lead to reduced performance the same speed
(a) The time to transfer a particular file was five minutes.
(b) The link between the first two nodes was replace by a fast 1
Mbits link, the transfer time increased to 20 Minutes!
•With the high-speed link, the arrival rate to the first router became
much higher than the departure rate, leading tolong queues, buffer
overflows, and packet lossesthat caused thetransfer time to increase.
•The protocols have to be designed specifically to ensure that this
increasing range of link speeds does not degrade the performance.
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