基于单片机的室内烟雾报警系统的设计.docx
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基于单片机的室内烟雾报警系统的设计
摘 要
随着社会和经济的发展，在日常生活中做好火灾预防工作显得越来越重要了。
因此，我们设计一种结构简单、经济实用的家庭烟雾报警器来满足市场的需求。
基于供家庭使用的烟雾报警器应该具备的基本要求和功能，设计了一种比较合理
适用的烟雾报警器。
该设计以单片机 STC89C52 和传感器 MQ-2 作为烟雾报警器的核心元器件，并
配合其它元器件来实现声音报警等功能。设计中选用 STC89C52 单片机作为控制
器，选用 MQ-2 型半导体可燃气体敏感元件传感器来实现烟雾的检测。烟雾报警
器主要由单片机控制电路、声音报警电路、烟雾信号采集及前置放大电路、安全
保护电路等构成，设计比较合理并且价格低廉、简单易懂。论文主要针对烟雾报
警的各个功能以及组成部分进行详细的介绍和说明，并对其外围设备电路和主控
电路之间的接口连接方式，以及系统软件设计进行了重点的讲解和分析。
关键字： 烟雾报警器；单片机；传感器
The Design of Indoor Smoke Alarm System Based on MCU
Abstract
With the social and economic development, fire prevention in daily life to do
more and more important. Therefore, we design a simple structure, economical and
practical family smoke alarm to meet the needs of the market. Based on the basic
requirements and functions of smoke alarm for home use, a reasonable and applicable
smoke alarm is designed.
The design of single-chip STC89C52 and MQ-2 sensor smoke alarm as the core
components, and with other components to achieve the voice alarm and other
functions. The design of STC89C52 microcontroller as a controller, the choice of
MQ-2 type semiconductor combustible gas sensor sensor to achieve smoke detection.
Smoke alarm by the single-chip microcomputer control circuit, sound alarm circuit,
smoke signal acquisition and preamplifier circuit, safety protection circuit, etc., the
design is reasonable and inexpensive, easy to understand. In this paper, the functions
and components of smoke alarm are introduced and explained in detail, and the
connection mode between the peripheral circuit and the main control circuit and the
design of the system software are mainly explained and analyzed.
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