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MATLAB 是 MathWorks 开发的一种编程语言。它最初是一种矩阵编程语言,其中线性代数编程很简单。它既可以在交互式会话下运行,也可以作为批处理作业运行。本教程向您简要介绍 MATLAB 编程语言。它旨在让学生流利地使用 MATLAB 编程语言。以简单易懂的方式给出基于问题的 MATLAB 示例,使您的学习快速有效。 本教程是为初学者准备的,旨在帮助他们了解 MATLAB 的基础到高级功能。完成本教程后,您将发现自己在使用 MATLAB 方面已达到中等水平的专业知识,从这里您可以将自己提升到更高的水平。 我们假设您对计算机编程有一点了解,并且了解变量、常量、表达式、语句等概念。如果您使用任何其他高级编程语言(如 C、C++ 或 Java)进行过编程,那么这将非常有用。非常有益,学习 MATLAB 对您来说将是一种乐趣。
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MATLAB
MATLAB
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About the Tutorial
MATLAB is a programming language developed by MathWorks. It started out as a
matrix programming language where linear algebra programming was simple. It
can be run both under interactive sessions and as a batch job.
This tutorial gives you aggressively a gentle introduction of MATLAB programming
language. It is designed to give students fluency in MATLAB programming
language. Problem-based MATLAB examples have been given in simple and easy
way to make your learning fast and effective.
Audience
This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand basic
to advanced functionality of MATLAB. After completing this tutorial you will find
yourself at a moderate level of expertise in using MATLAB from where you can
take yourself to next levels.
Prerequisites
We assume you have a little knowledge of any computer programming and
understand concepts like variables, constants, expressions, statements, etc. If you
have done programming in any other high-level language like C, C++ or Java,
then it will be very much beneficial and learning MATLAB will be like a fun for you.
Copyright & Disclaimer Notice
Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at contact@tutorialspoint.com
MATLAB
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Table of Contents
About the Tutorial ···································································································································· i
Audience ·················································································································································· i
Prerequisites ············································································································································ i
Copyright & Disclaimer Notice ················································································································· i
Table of Contents ···································································································································· ii
1. OVERVIEW ··························································································································· 1
MATLAB's Power of Computational Mathematics ··················································································· 1
Features of MATLAB ································································································································ 1
Uses of MATLAB ······································································································································ 2
2. ENVIRONMENT ···················································································································· 3
Local Environment Setup························································································································· 3
Understanding the MATLAB Environment ······························································································· 4
3. BASIC SYNTAX ······················································································································ 7
Hands on Practice···································································································································· 7
Use of Semicolon (;) in MATLAB ·············································································································· 8
Adding Comments ··································································································································· 8
Commonly used Operators and Special Characters ················································································· 9
Special Variables and Constants ············································································································ 10
Naming Variables ·································································································································· 11
Saving Your Work ·································································································································· 11
4. VARIABLES ························································································································· 12
Multiple Assignments···························································································································· 13
I have forgotten the Variables! ·············································································································· 13
Long Assignments ································································································································· 14
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The format Command ··························································································································· 15
Creating Vectors ···································································································································· 17
Creating Matrices ·································································································································· 18
5. COMMANDS ······················································································································ 20
Commands for Managing a Session ······································································································· 20
Commands for Working with the System ······························································································ 20
Input and Output Commands ················································································································ 22
Vector, Matrix, and Array Commands ··································································································· 23
Plotting Commands ······························································································································· 25
6. M-FILES ····························································································································· 27
The M Files ············································································································································ 27
Creating and Running Script File ············································································································ 27
7. DATA TYPES ······················································································································· 30
Data Types Available in MATLAB ··········································································································· 30
Data Type Conversion ··························································································································· 32
Determination of Data Types ················································································································ 34
8. OPERATORS ······················································································································· 39
Arithmetic Operators ···························································································································· 39
Functions for Arithmetic Operations ····································································································· 42
Relational Operators ····························································································································· 46
Logical Operators ·································································································································· 49
Functions for Logical Operations ··········································································································· 50
Bitwise Operations ································································································································ 55
Set Operations ······································································································································ 57
9. DECISION MAKING············································································································· 60
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if... end Statement ································································································································ 61
if...else...end Statement ························································································································ 63
if...elseif...elseif...else...end Statements ································································································ 64
The Nested if Statements ······················································································································ 66
The switch Statement ··························································································································· 67
The Nested Switch Statements ·············································································································· 69
10. LOOP TYPES ······················································································································· 71
The while Loop ······································································································································ 72
The for Loop ·········································································································································· 73
The Nested Loops ·································································································································· 76
Loop Control Statements······················································································································· 78
The break Statement ····························································································································· 79
The continue Statement ························································································································ 80
11. VECTORS ··························································································································· 83
Row Vectors ·········································································································································· 83
Column Vectors ····································································································································· 83
Referencing the Elements of a Vector ··································································································· 84
Vector Operations ································································································································· 85
Addition and Subtraction of Vectors ····································································································· 85
Scalar Multiplication of Vectors ············································································································ 86
Transpose of a Vector ··························································································································· 86
Appending Vectors ································································································································ 87
Magnitude of a Vector ·························································································································· 89
Vector Dot Product ······························································································································· 90
Vectors with Uniformly Spaced Elements ······························································································ 90
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