Turbo C++ 3.0[DISK]

Welcome to Turbo C++ Version 3.0 -------------------------------- This README file contains important information about Turbo C++. For the latest information about Turbo C++ and its accompanying programs and manuals, read this file in its entirety. TABLE OF CONTENTS ----------------- 1. How to Get Help 2. Installation 3. Features 4. Important Information 5. Testing Your Expanded Memory 6. Corrections to the On-line Help 1. HOW TO GET HELP ------------------- If you have any problems, please read this file, the HELPME!.DOC and other files in your DOC subdirectory, and the Turbo C++ manuals first. If you still have a question and need assistance, help is available from the following sources: 1. Type GO BPROGB on the CompuServe bulletin board system for instant access to the Borland forums with their libraries of technical information and answers to common questions. If you are not a member of CompuServe, see the enclosed special offer, and write for full details on how to receive a free IntroPak containing a $15 credit toward your first month's on-line charges. 2. Check with your local software dealer or users' group. 3. Borland's TECHFAX service. Call (800) 822-4269 for a FAX catalog of entries. 4. If you have an urgent problem that cannot wait and you have sent in the license agreement that came with the package, you may call the Borland Technical Support Department at (408) 438-5300. Please have the following information ready before calling: a. Product name and serial number on your original distribution disk. Please have your serial number ready or we will be unable to process your call. b. Product version number. The version number for Turbo C++ can be displayed by pressing Alt-H/A. c. Computer brand, model, and the brands and model numbers of any additional hardware. d. Operating system and version number. (The version number can be determined by typing VER at the DOS prompt.) e. Contents of your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. f. Contents of your CONFIG.SYS file. 2. INSTALLATION ---------------- You MUST use the INSTALL program to install Turbo C++. The files on the distribution disks are all archived and have to be properly assembled. You cannot do this by hand! IMPORTANT! If you want to create backup copies of your disks, make sure that you put the backup on the same type of disk as the source. If you're backing up the 5 1/4 inch 1.2 Mb disk set, use only blank 5 1/4 inch 1.2 Mb disks for backup, etc. The installation will not work correctly if you do not use the same media type for the backup disks. To start the installation, change your current drive to the one that has the install program on it and type INSTALL. You will be given instructions in a box at the bottom of the screen for each prompt. For example, if you will be installing from drive A:, type: A: INSTALL - This INSTALL handles the installation of both the compiler and tools in one operation, and allows several new configuration options. - After installation, make sure you insert \TC\BIN - or whatever you selected as your BIN directory - into your DOS path so the executable files can be found. - Note: The list of files is contained in a separate file called FILELIST.DOC, which will appear in the target directory you specify during installation. - After your initial installation, you can run INSTALL again to add elements you omitted the first time. Just select the items you want to add in the INSTALL options screen. Because some things you may want to save could be overwritten, review the following items to make sure you don't lose important information: 1. Selecting CMD &#40;the Command-line compiler&#41; causes an overwrite of any existing turboc.cfg & tlink.cfg file with path information provided in that INSTALL session. Any switches other than -L (library path) and -I (include path) will not be preserved. 2. Selecting IDE will reset the include and library paths to those provided in that INSTALL session. 3. By selecting any one of the following, the help file paths and choices for THELP.CFG will reflect the current session's installation choices: a. CMD - command-line compiler b. IDE - integrated environment 4. Alterations to headers or startup files will be overwritten if any library models are selected. In general, any selection you make of something installed earlier will cause an overwrite of the earlier version without prompting. You should read the rest of this README file to get further information about this release before you do the installation. 3. FEATURES ------------ Turbo C++ 3.0 includes big speed and capacity gains. Here are some important features found in this version: - DPMI services for increased capacity - C++ 2.1 support, including the new nested class specifications, and support of C++ 3.0 templates. - Support for pre-compiled headers for substantial time savings during subsequent recompiles. - Color syntax highlighting - Unlimited Undo/Redo replacing previous 'restore line' capability - Added library functions for compatibility with other runtime libraries, and addition of support for long double parameters in math functions. (Please refer to On-line Help for details.) - New MAKE features. (Please see the MAKE chapter in the User's Guide for details.) - Added BGI (Borland Graphics Interface) fonts and support. (See "New BGI fonts" below.) - A resident DPMI kernel program, DPMIRES.EXE. (See "DPMI" below.) - THELP now allows you to switch between help files without unloading and reloading. (Please see UTIL.DOC for details.) NEW BGI FONTS ------------- Several new fonts have been added to the Borland Graphics Interface: Name Value Description ------------------------------------------- SCRIPT_FONT 5 Stroked script font SIMPLEX_FONT 6 Stroked simplex font TRIP_SCR_FONT 7 Stroked triplex script font COMPLEX_FONT 8 Stroked complex font EURO_FONT 9 Stroked European font BOLD_FONT 10 Stroked bold font The fonts in the BGI now support the full ASCII character set. DPMI ---- TC.EXE, TCC.EXE, and TLINK.EXE are now hosted under DPMI. These files support protected-mode compilation and replace the files of the same name in Turbo C++ Second Edition. Turbo C++ Second Edition should continue to be used in instances where real-mode compilation is desired. If you encounter a "machine not in database" message while attempting to run the compiler, run the DPMIINST program to add your machine configuration to the DPMI server database. This version includes a resident DPMI host program, DPMIRES.EXE, that allows you to preload the server before invoking TC, TCC, or any other DPMI-hosted executables. If you want to run such hosted EXEs in a Windows Standard Mode DOS window, you should run DPMIRES.EXE before loading Windows. To do this, enter the following commands at DOS: set DPMIMEM=MAXMEM 2000 dpmires win /s If you want to limit the amount of extended memory used by the DPMI-hosted executables, an environment variable called DPMIMEM can be set to do so. For instance, the command set DPMIMEM=MAXMEM 2000 reserves about 2 Mb of memory for DPMIRES. The number after MAXMEM can be adjusted, but cannot be lower than 1000. The hosted executables cannot spawn each other when SHARE is loaded. For instance, if you run MAKE on a file which in turn calls MAKE again, you will get a sharing violation. In this specific case, you can call the real mode version, MAKER, within the given makefile, and a sharing violation won't occur. 4. IMPORTANT INFORMATION ------------------------- - When using Brief with THELP, make sure to use Brief's -p switch to ensure that the thelp window will be visible. - We recommend that you use the following mouse drivers with this product: Microsoft Mouse version 7.04 or later; Logitech Mouse version 5.01 or later; Genius Mouse version 9.06 or later. - If you get a "floating point formats not linked" message at runtime, put the following somewhere in your source files: extern void _floatconvert(); #pragma extref _floatconvert This will force inclusion of floating point formats, which may not be linked to reduce executable size. COMPILER - The default extension for source files to the command-line compiler is .CPP; that is, if you enter TCC -c test the compiler will search for test.cpp, and give an error if a file of that name cannot be found. If you want to have the command-line compiler assume a .c extension and C language source, use the command-line option -P-c. For more information, see "The command-line compiler" in the User's Guide. - Note that the Generate COMDEFs choice under Options|Compiler|Advanced Code Generation and the -Fc command- line option are only supported in the C language. Linker errors will result if you attempt to use a communal variable in C++. - The macros min() and max() are not defined when stdlib.h is compiled as C++ (to allow their use in 3rd party libraries, etc.). - Note that SYMDEB creates .SYM files for use in debugging; Turbo C++ creates .SYM files for pre-compiled headers. They are not compatible and collisions should be avoided by setting the name of the pre-compiled header file &#40;using - H=filename&#41;. - There is now full support of distance modifiers (near and far) used for class member pointers. Here are two sample declarations and their meanings: void (A::* far var) (); this is a far variable 'var' of type 'void (A::*)()'; void (far A::* var) (); this is a 'default distance' variable 'var' of type 'void (far A::*)()' - If you use C++ templates, and use a separate TLINK command line rather than letting TCC invoke TLINK, you should make sure that you turn on case-sensitive links with the /c switch. - Incorrect code will be generated if you have a statement of the type "A op B" where either A or B is an enum and the other operand is a long, and "op" is one of the following operators: += -= *= /= | ^ The same problem applies when the operands are a non-integer enum and an int. Cast the enum to long or int respectively to solve the problem. IDE - When debugging a mouse application the Options|Debugger|Display Swapping option should be set to "Always" for best results. - In the IDE, the mouse cursor is turned off during compilation for performance improvements. - To run or debug an overlaid application in the IDE when DOS SHARE is loaded, the .EXE file must first be marked as read-only. Otherwise, unload SHARE. - Pressing Control-Break twice while running or stepping a program from the IDE may cause unexpected results. In particular, avoid pressing Control-Break twice in response to any function requiring input (scanf, getch, etc.). To break out of a program during such interaction, press Control-Break and enter a valid input string. Control will be returned to the IDE. EXAMPLE PROGRAMS - When you are running any example programs that come with .PRJ files, if you didn't use the standard directories when you installed Turbo C++ you will have to change the .PRJ file to reflect your actual directory setup. Do this from inside Turbo C++ with Alt-O/D. LINKING C++ WITH C - Linking C++ modules with C modules requires the use of a linkage specification. Prototypes for C functions within C++ modules must be in one of the following forms: extern "C" declaration extern "C" { declarations } For example, if a C module contains these functions: char *SCopy(char*, char*); void ClearScreen(void) they must be declared in a C++ module in one of the following ways: extern "C" char *SCopy(char*, char*); extern "C" void ClearScreen(void); or extern "C" { char *SCopy(char*, char*); void ClearScreen(void); } Failure to do so will result in "Undefined symbol" errors during link. For further examples, see the standard header files. CLASS LIBRARY - Two versions of the class libraries are provided; one that includes debug information and one that does not. Small versions of each are provided, and project files are provided to build other models. Note that the non-debug versions are used by default. If you would like to use the debug version, copy it to the non-debug file. For instance, in the CLASSLIB\LIB directory, copy TCLASDBS.LIB to TCLASSS.LIB for the small model version. - In some places the User's Guide incorrectly refers to the online documentation for the Container Class Libraries as CONTAIN.DOC. The correct file name is CLASSLIB.DOC, located in the ..\DOC directory. 5. TESTING YOUR EXPANDED MEMORY: EMSTEST.COM --------------------------------------------- Included with Turbo C++ is a program to test your Expanded Memory hardware and software. If you have problems using Turbo C++ with your EMS, type EMSTEST at the DOS prompt and follow the instructions. 6. CORRECTIONS TO THE ON-LINE HELP ----------------------------------- The information for alloca is not available in on-line help. The correct help screen should read as follows: ------------------------------------------------------------------ Function: alloca Allocates temporary stack space Syntax: #include <malloc.h> void *alloca(size_t size); Remarks: alloca allocates bytes on the stack. The allocated space is automatically freed up when the calling function exits. Return value: o On success (if enough stack space is available), returns a pointer to the allocated stack area. o On error, returns null. Argument size is the number of bytes allocated on the stack. Because alloca modifies the stack pointer, do no place calls to alloca in an expression that is an argument to a function. NOTE: If the calling function does not contain any references to local variables in the stack, the stack won't be resotored correctly when the function exits and your program will crash. To ensure that the stack is restored correctly, use this code in your calling function: char *p; char dummy[1]; dummy[0] := 0;; ... p = alloca(nbytes); Because alloca is not defined in ANSI C, you should use malloc instead. See also: malloc ------------------------------------------------------------------