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硕士学位论文
紫丁香 2 号卫星 VHF/UHF 星地测控链路
设计与实现
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTION OF THE
SATELLITE-GROUND TT&C LINK OF
LILACSAT-2
韦明川
哈尔滨工业大学
2015 年 6 月
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国内图书分类号:V443.1 学校代码:10213
国际图书分类号:629.7 密级:公开
工学硕士学位论文
紫丁香 2 号卫星 VHF/UHF 星地测控链路
设计与实现
硕 士研究生
:
韦明川
导师
:
曹喜滨 教授
申 请 学 位
:
工学硕士
学科
:
航空宇航科学与技术
所 在 单 位
:
航天学院
答 辩 日 期
:
2015 年 6 月
授予学位单位
:
哈尔滨工业大学
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Classified Index: V443.1
U.D.C: 629.7
Dissertation for the Master’s Degree in Engineering
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTION OF THE
SATELLITE-GROUND TT&C LINK OF
LILACSAT-2
Candidate:
Wei Mingchuan
Supervisor:
Prof. Cao Xibin
Academic Degree Applied for:
Master of Engineering
Speciality:
Aeronautical and Astronautical
Science and Technology
Affiliation:
School of Astronautics
Date of Defence:
June, 2015
Degree-Conferring-Institution:
Harbin Institute of Technology
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哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
- I -
摘 要
微纳卫星是现今航天领域的研究热点之一。与一般的大卫星相比,微纳卫
星具有成本低、研发周期短、标准化、可组网运行等诸多优势。测控分系统是
卫星最关键的分系统之一,多数微纳卫星的测控分系统使用 VHF/UHF 频段。
VHF/UHF 频段的信道特性与微纳卫星小体积、低功耗等特点对测控分系统提出
了特殊的要求。
本文以哈尔滨工业大学学生自主研发的技术试验纳卫星紫丁香 2 号为背景,
完成了如下工作:
由紫丁香 2 号卫星实际任务需求着手,进行了卫星电子系统的设计,并在
此基础上进行了测控与射频分系统设计。紫丁香 2 号卫星的电子系统采用平级、
异构、热备份的设计思路,在分系统级别消除了单点;分析了卫星接地设计的
影响因素,使用了多点接地,并提出了实现方案;介绍了星体一体化的 CSP 通
信协议,在测控收发信机双冗余情况下进行了系统拓扑设计。
从卫星轨道效应、载波频率与天线增益、信道随机过程、连续遥测与突发
遥测等几个方面分析了 VHF/UHF 测控信道与体制的特点,并提出了改善链路
特性的方法。
完成了基于软件无线电的、适用于微纳卫星的 VHF/UHF 测控收发信机设
计。VHF/UHF 测控收发信机采用零中频/低中频接收机与直接调制 IQ 发射机,
实现了低功耗与小体积,与相应的软件算法配合,实现遥测遥控与通信转发功
能。
为完成星上射频设备的测试与实现星地通信,对地面系统的测角跟踪算法
进行研究,进行了基于软件无线电的地面系统的软硬件设计,并在此基础上开
展星上设备与星地链路的测试。
通过本文工作,完成了紫丁香 2 号卫星电子系统的设计,成功研制了基于
软件无线电的 VHF/UHF 收发信机及地面系统,完成了相关的测试工作,符合
设计指标与任务需求。
关键词:微纳卫星,测控分系统,卫星通信,信道特性,软件无线电
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哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
- II -
Abstract
Micro/nano satellite is a hot issue in aerospace fieldnowdays. Comparing to
traditional large satellites, micro-satellites and nano-satellites have advantages in
low cost, short time and standlization. TT&C subsytem is one of the most critical
subsystems of a satellite. Most of the micro/nano-satellites operates on VHF/UHF
band. The channel protety of VHF/UHF band and the limition of size and power of a
micro/nano-satellite proposed special requirements for the TT&C subsystem
This paper is based on a student satellite project of Harbin Institute of
Technology, LilacSat-1. The work of this paper include:
Design of the electronic system of LilacSat-2 based on mission requirements,
and then design of the TT&C and RF subsystem. The electronic system was
designed to be parallel, heteroideous and hot standby, and was
single-point-failure-free in subsystem level. Grounding method and communication
protocol were also analyzed and designed.
Study of the VHF/UHF TTC channel property and system design from the view
of orbit, frequency, channel random process and transmitter mode. methods to
improve channel peformance were proposed.
A VHF/UHF TT&C transceiver suitable for micro/nano-satellite mission was
designed based on SDR. The VHF/UHF transceiver used ZIF/LIF receiver and IQ
direct modulation transmitter to achieve low power and small size. Along with
corresponding software, telemetry, command and relay communications were
implemented.
Tracking algorithm was studied and the ground system based on SDR was
designed. Miscellaneous tests were carried out based on this.
In this study, the electronic system of LilacSat-2 was designed. A VHF/UHF
transceiver based on SDR and its ground system was developed. The technical
specifications and mission requirements were met.
Keywords: Micro/nano-satellite, TT&C subsystem, satellite communications,
channel property, SDR
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