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汽车通信协议

J1978

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SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely

voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”

SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.

recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.

TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)

Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)

Fax: 724-776-0790

Email: custsvc@sae.org

SAE WEB ADDRESS: http://www.sae.org

SURFACE

VEHICLE

400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001

RECOMMENDED

PRACTICE

J1978

REV.

APR2002

Issued 1992-03

Revised 2002-04

Superseding J1978 FEB1998

OBD II Scan Tool — Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-4:December 14, 2001

This document supersedes SAE J1978 FEB1998, and is technically equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-4:December 14,

2001, except for minor reorganization of Paragraphs 1 and 2.

Foreword—On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) regulations require passenger cars, and light and medium duty trucks, to

support communication of a minimum set of diagnostic information with off-board “generic” test equipment. This

document describes the minimum capabilities that must be supported by test equipment (e.g., handheld scan

tools, PC based diagnostic computers, etc.) that are intended to communicate with an OBD compliant vehicle to

retrieve the OBD information.

SAE J1978 was originally developed to meet U.S. OBD requirements for 1996 and later model year vehicles. ISO

15031-4 was based on SAE J1978 and was intended to meet European OBD requirements for 2000 and later

model year vehicles, and added the capability to communicate on an ISO 15765-4 serial data link. This document

is technically equivalent to ISO 15031-4 with U.S. specific requirements identified.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Scope ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 Differences from ISO Document............................................................................................................... 3

2 Reference ................................................................................................................................................. 3

2.1 Applicable Publications ............................................................................................................................ 3

2.1.1 SAE Publications...................................................................................................................................... 3

2.1.2 ISO Publications ....................................................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Related Publications ................................................................................................................................. 4

2.2.1 ISO Documents ........................................................................................................................................ 4

3. Terms and Definitions............................................................................................................................... 4

4. Required Functions of the External Test Equipment................................................................................ 4

5. Communication Protocols......................................................................................................................... 4

6. Connections to the Vehicle ....................................................................................................................... 5

SAE J1978 Revised APR2002

-2-

7. Network Access ........................................................................................................................................5

7.1 Automatic Determination of Communication Interface..............................................................................5

7.2 Handling of No Response from the Vehicle ..............................................................................................7

7.3 Handling of Multiple Responses from the Vehicle ....................................................................................7

7.4 Message Structure ....................................................................................................................................7

7.5 Diagnostic Trouble Codes Monitoring.......................................................................................................7

7.6 Obtain and Display OBD Emissions Related Current Data, Freeze Frame Data,

and Test Parameters and Results ............................................................................................................7

7.7 Code Clearing ..........................................................................................................................................8

7.8 On-Board Diagnostic Evaluations .............................................................................................................8

7.8.1 Completed On-Board System Readiness Tests .......................................................................................8

7.8.2 Supported On-Board System Readiness Tests ........................................................................................8

7.8.3 Malfunction Indicator Lamp - Status and Control......................................................................................8

7.9 Use of StopCommunication Service Associated with ISO 14230-4 (optional) ..........................................8

8. User Interface ...........................................................................................................................................8

8.1 Display ......................................................................................................................................................8

8.2 User Input .................................................................................................................................................9

9. Power Requirements ................................................................................................................................9

9.1 Vehicle Battery Voltage ............................................................................................................................9

9.1.1 Vehicle Battery Voltage for 12 V DC only .................................................................................................9

9.1.2 Vehicle Battery Voltage for 12 V DC and 24 V DC ...................................................................................9

9.2 Vehicle Battery Current Consumption ....................................................................................................10

10 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ..................................................................................................... 10

11 Conformance Testing ............................................................................................................................. 10

11.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................10

11.2 Determine OBD Communication Type....................................................................................................11

11.3 On-Board System Readiness Test ......................................................................................................... 12

11.4 Select Functions .....................................................................................................................................12

11.5 Select and Display Items ........................................................................................................................12

11.6 Confirm Requests to Clear Codes .......................................................................................................... 13

11.7 General Diagnostic Communication Tests.............................................................................................. 13

11.8 Capacitance and Impedance at the Diagnostic Connector..................................................................... 13

11.9 Operating Voltage and Current Requirement ......................................................................................... 13

11.10 Protocol Check ....................................................................................................................................... 13

11.11 Alphanumeric Display ............................................................................................................................. 14

11.12 User Manual and Help Facility................................................................................................................ 14

12 Notes ......................................................................................................................................................14

12.1 Marginal Indicia....................................................................................................................................... 14

SAE J1978 Revised APR2002

-3-

1. Scope

1.1 Purpose—This SAE Recommended Practice supersedes SAE J1978 FEB1998, and is technically equivalent

to ISO/DIS 15031-4:December 14, 2001.

This document is intended to satisfy the requirements of an OBD scan tool as required by U.S. On-Board

Diagnostic (OBD) regulations.

The document specifies:

a. A means of establishing communications between an OBD-equipped vehicle and external test

equipment,

b. A set of diagnostic services to be provided by the external test equipment in order to exercise the

services defined in SAE J1979,

c. Conformance criteria for the external test equipment.

1.2 Differences from ISO Document—The ISO 15031-4 document is intended to satisfy the requirements of

OBD requirements in countries other than the U.S., and includes functionality not required or not allowed in the

U.S.

Notable exceptions are:

a. Proposed U.S. OBD regulations will allow ISO 15765-4 as an allowable OBD serial data link at

500 kbps only. Only those provisions of ISO 15765-4 that pertain to 500 kbps are required to be

supported by an SAE J1978 diagnostic scan tool.

b. Proposed U.S. OBD regulations will not allow greater than 20 V at the SAE J1962 connector. Only the

Type A connector as defined in SAE J1962 needs to be supported by an SAE J1978 diagnostic scan

tool.

Differences between the documents are highlighted in the technical requirements sections of this document.

Deleted text is highlighted with struck through and new text is highlighted with bold italic.

NOTE— To maintain equivalency of the documents, a comma is used as a decimal marker for numeric

values in this document.

2. References

2.1 Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified

herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest version of SAE publications shall apply.

2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.

SAE J1850 MAY2001—Class B Data Communications Network Interface.

SAE J1930—Electrical/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms, Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms -

Equivalent to ISO/TR 15031-2:April 30, 2002

SAE J1962—Diagnostic Connector - Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-3: December 14, 2001

SAE J1979—E/E Diagnostic Test Modes - Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-5:April 30, 2002

SAE J2012—Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions - Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-6:April 30, 2002

SAE J1978 Revised APR2002

-4-

2.1.2 ISO P UBLICATIONS—Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.

ISO 7637-1:1990—Road vehicles — Electrical disturbance by conduction and coupling — Part 1:

Passenger cars and light commercial vehicles with nominal 12V supply voltage — Electrical transient

conduction along supply lines only

ISO 9141-2:1994—Road vehicles — Diagnostic systems — Part 2: CARB requirements for interchange of

digital information

ISO 9141-2:1994/Amd.1:1996—Road vehicles - Diagnostic systems — Part 2: CARB requirements for

interchange of digital information Amendment 1.

ISO 14230-4:2000—Road vehicles — Keyword protocol 2000 for diagnostic systems — Part 4:

Requirements for emission-related systems

ISO/DIS 15031-4: December 14, 2001—Road vehicles — Communication between vehicle and external

test equipment for emissions-related diagnostics — Part 4: External test equipment

ISO 15765-4:2001—Road vehicles — Diagnostics on Controller Area Network (CAN) – Part 4:

Requirements for emissions-related systems

ISO 16750-2—Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic

equipment — Part 2: Electrical loads

2.2 Related Publication—The following publication is provided for information purposes only and is not a required

part of this specification.

2.2.1 ISO P UBLICATION—Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.

ISO 15031-1:2001—Road vehicles — Communication between vehicle and external test equipment for

emissions-related diagnostics — Part 1: General information

3. Terms and Definitions—For the purpose of this document the definitions of SAE J1930 apply.

4. Required Functions of the External Test Equipment—The following are the basic functions that the

external test equipment is required to support or provide:

— Automatic hands-off determination of the communication interface used to provide OBD services on

the vehicle,

— Obtaining and displaying the status and results of vehicle on-board diagnostic evaluations,

— Obtaining and displaying OBD emissions related diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs),

— Obtaining and displaying OBD emissions related current data,

— Obtaining and displaying OBD emissions related freeze frame data,

— Clearing the storage of OBD emissions related diagnostic trouble codes, OBD emissions related

freeze frame data storage and OBD emissions related diagnostic tests status,

— Obtaining and displaying OBD emissions related test parameters and results as described in SAE

J1979,

— Provide a user manual and/or help facility.

5. Communication Protocols—The following communication protocols shall be supported:

a. ISO 9141-2

The following specifications clarify and, if in conflict with ISO 9141-2, override any related

specifications in ISO 9141-2:

— The maximum sink current to be supported by the external test equipment is 100 mA,

— The range for all tests performed relative to ISO 7637-1 is –1.0 to +40.0 V,

— The minimum bus idle period before the external test equipment shall transmit an address, shall be

300 ms.

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UWIHZ

2014-03-19

很好英文版资料，谢谢分享。
phoenix1019

2015-10-09

还不错，是正规的协议文档。

freewuming

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