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华东理工大学硕士学位论文 第 I 页
量子点环氧树脂复合材料的荧光强度-应力应变响应研究
摘要
应力应变是衡量结构健康的重要参数,对结构的应力应变进行实时在线监测是确保
机械设备安全运行的重要方法。量子点的荧光特征在应力应变作用下会产生显著变化,
因此近年来基于量子点的应力应变检测技术受到了极大关注。
本文以量子点环氧树脂复合材料为主要研究对象,首先对材料的荧光漂移影响因素
进行了系统考察,然后总结了荧光强度-应力应变变化规律,分析了作用机理,最后基
于溶液蒸发法实现了量子点的有序自组装,为实现基于量子点荧光响应的应力应变监测
奠定了基础。
论文研究主要取得以下结果:
(1)考察了量子点环氧树脂的荧光强度随温度、量子点浓度、激发光强度等多种因
素漂移的规律,为解决量子点稳定性问题提供了理论指导。
(2)考察了量子点环氧树脂复合材料标准试样及敷在金属表面成膜时的荧光强度-应
力应变响应关系,获得了荧光强度与应力应变的四种变化规律,建立了一种可以实现结
构表面应变无线、多点、实时检测的新方法。
(3)对荧光强度-应力应变响应机理进行了研究,发现应变产生的量子点浓度改变及
团聚效应是影响荧光强度随应变变化关系的主要原因,消除量子点团聚效应可实现变化
规律的单一化。
(4)利用溶液诱导蒸发技术实现了量子点的同心圆环有序自组装,相对于量子点在
环氧树脂的无序掺杂,这更有利于实现基于量子点荧光响应的结构应力应变检测。
关键词:量子点,荧光漂移,环氧树脂复合材料,荧光强度,应力应变检测
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/47828155/bg2.jpg)
第 II 页 华东理工大学硕士学位论文
Photo-Luminescence Response of Quantum Dots-Epoxy Resin Composite
on Stress-strain
Abstract
Stress and strain are two important parameters for measuring the integrity of structure,so
monitoring stress and strain of structure in real time is an effective method to ensure the safe
operation of mechanical equipment. Recently, luminescent nanocrystal stress-strain gauge has
been developed based on the response of Quantum Dots (QDs)’ fluorescence to the stress and
strain.
Based on the QDs-Epoxy resin nano-composite, the factors that affect the
photo-luminescence(PL) drift were inspected; the relationship between the PL intensity and
load were summarized; then the mechanism of the PL response to stress and strain was
discussed; by the evaporation of chloroform droplet , the QDs’ concentric rings fluorescence
patterns was got. Concentric rings fluorescence patterns were formed via the evaporation of
chloroform droplet. The purpose is to establish the rule of PL intensity and stress or strain,
which can become the theoretical foundation of strain gauge based on the PL response of
quantum dots.
The main conclusions of this thesis are summarized below:
(1) The PL drift of QDs-Epoxy resin composite is affected by temperature, concentration,
excitation light intensity. This finding provides a theoretical basis for solving the problem of
fluorescence drift in QDs.
(2)The relationship between the PL intensity and the stress and strain was examined ,
four types of the PL response to stress and strain were established, which shows a great
prospect of the in-situ strain gauge based on PL intensity.
(3)The mechanism of PL intensity response was explained: the concentration of the QDs
and QDs agglomeration are the main reasons for these four change rules. By controlling the
QDs agglomeration, the unification of the relationship between the fluorescence and strain is
expected to be realized.
(4) The QDs’ concentric rings fluorescence patterns was formed via the evaporation of
chloroform droplet, which provide a new study direction for the stress and strain detection
technology based on the PL response of QDs.
Keywords:Quantum dots;luminescence drift;epoxy resin composite;photo-luminescence
intensity; stress-strain monitoring
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/47828155/bg3.jpg)
华东理工大学硕士学位论文 第 III 页
目录
摘要 ........................................................................................................................ I
Abstract................................................................................................................. II
目录 ..................................................................................................................... Ⅲ
第 1 章 绪论 ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2 应力应变检测技术 ........................................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 电测法 ............................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.2 光栅法 ............................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.3 光测法 ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.3 稀土发光材料应力应变检测技术 ................................................................................... 4
1.3.1 力致发光材料简介 ........................................................................................................ 4
1.3.2 稀土力致发光材料的应力应变显示 ............................................................................ 5
1.3.3 稀土力致发光材料的扭矩检测 .................................................................................... 6
1.3.4 稀土力致发光材料的裂纹检测 .................................................................................... 7
1.4 荧光量子点的光学性质 ................................................................................................... 9
1.4.1 量子点的基本概念 ........................................................................................................ 9
1.4.2 量子点的光致发光机理 ................................................................................................ 10
1.4.3 量子点的光活化 .......................................................................................................... 12
1.4.4 量子点的应用现状 ...................................................................................................... 13
1.5 量子点发光材料力学研究现状 ..................................................................................... 15
1.5.1 不同形状量子点的应力荧光响应特征 ...................................................................... 15
1.5.2 基于四足状量子点的应力应变计 .............................................................................. 16
1.5.3 量子点的低应力荧光响应 .......................................................................................... 17
1.6 研究目的及研究内容 ..................................................................................................... 19
1.6.1 本文研究目的 .............................................................................................................. 19
1.6.2 本文研究内容 .............................................................................................................. 19
第 2 章 实验设备与表征方法 ..................................................................................... 21
2.1 前言 ................................................................................................................................. 21
2.2 试剂、试样及表征手段 ................................................................................................. 21
2.2.1 实验试剂及药品 .......................................................................................................... 21
2.2.2 实验试样的选用 .......................................................................................................... 22
2.2.3 实验表征设备及测试仪器 ............................................................................................ 22
2.3 实验用量子点的合成 ..................................................................................................... 24
2.3.1 CdSe 量子点的合成 .................................................................................................... 24
2.3.2 CdSe@ZnS 核壳量子点的制备 .................................................................................. 25
2.4 荧光-应力应变检测系统 ................................................................................................ 25
2.5 本章小结 ......................................................................................................................... 26
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/47828155/bg4.jpg)
第 IV 页 华东理工大学硕士学位论文
第 3 章 量子点环氧树脂复合材料的光活化与荧光响应的研究 .................... 27
3.1 前言 ................................................................................................................................. 27
3.2 量子点环氧树脂复合材料的制备 ................................................................................. 27
3.2.1 量子点基体的选择 ...................................................................................................... 27
3.2.2 量子点环氧树脂复合材料的制备工艺 ...................................................................... 28
3.3 量子点环氧树脂复合材料的力学性质研究 ................................................................. 29
3.3.1 固化剂添加比例对复合材料力学性质的影响 .......................................................... 30
3.3.2 固化温度对复合材料力学性质的影响 ...................................................................... 31
3.3.3 量子点环氧树脂复合材料力学性质测试 .................................................................. 33
3.4 量子点环氧树脂聚合物荧光漂移现象的研究 ............................................................. 34
3.4.1 温度对荧光漂移的影响 .............................................................................................. 34
3.4.2 浓度及激发光强度对荧光漂移的影响 ...................................................................... 37
3.4.3 环境介质对量子点荧光漂移的影响 .......................................................................... 38
3.5 量子点环氧树脂聚合物的荧光强度与应力应变关系的考察 ..................................... 40
3.5.1 复合材料量子点浓度与荧光强度关系的研究 .......................................................... 40
3.5.2 荧光信号与拉伸应变的关系考察 .............................................................................. 42
3.5.3 荧光信号与压缩应变的关系考察 .............................................................................. 42
3.5.4 循环拉伸载荷下复合材料荧光信号变化考察 .......................................................... 44
3.6 本章小结 ......................................................................................................................... 45
第 4 章 基于量子点荧光响应的金属应力应变检测 ........................................... 46
4.1 前言 ................................................................................................................................. 46
4.2 量子点环氧树脂复合材料薄膜的制备 ......................................................................... 47
4.2.1 旋涂法制备复合材料薄膜 .......................................................................................... 47
4.2.2 压片法制备复合材料薄膜 .......................................................................................... 47
4.3 基于量子点环氧树脂聚合物荧光响应的金属应力应变检测 ..................................... 48
4.3.1 单次加载荧光强度响应 .............................................................................................. 48
4.3.2 循环加载荧光强度响应 .............................................................................................. 50
4.4 荧光强度-应力应变关系机理分析 ................................................................................ 52
4.4.1 量子点尺寸因素的影响 .............................................................................................. 53
4.4.2 量子点环氧树脂复合材料的 TEM 表征 ................................................................... 55
4.4.3 荧光漂移及材料力学性能的影响 .............................................................................. 57
4.5 基于蒸发诱导的量子点自组装 ..................................................................................... 58
4.5.1 液滴蒸发诱导现象概述 .............................................................................................. 58
4.5.2 量子点的自组装 .......................................................................................................... 59
4.6 本章小结 ......................................................................................................................... 61
第 5 章 总结与展望 ........................................................................................................ 63
5.1 本文主要内容与全文总结 ............................................................................................. 63
5.2 创新点 ............................................................................................................................. 64
5.3 工作展望 ......................................................................................................................... 64
参考文献 ............................................................................................................................... 66
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