### 全国自考《英语写作基础》模拟试卷知识点解析
#### 一、单选题知识点解析
**1. If you are too _______ of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.**
- **知识点：** 词汇辨析（respective, detective, protective, effective）
- **解析：** 此题考查的是形容词的选择与含义理解。
- *Respective* 意为“各自的”；
- *Detective* 意为“侦探的”；
- *Protective* 意为“保护性的”；
- *Effective* 意为“有效的”。
根据句意，这里需要一个表示“过度保护”的意思，因此正确答案是 *protective*。
**2. Look at this group of people ______ beach volleyball.**
- **知识点：** 动词时态及语态
- **解析：** 考察非谓语动词的选择，尤其是现在分词（-ing 形式）的用法。此处应填入 *playing*，表示正在进行的动作，同时作为后置定语修饰 *this group of people*。
**3. Sickness often ______ eating too much.**
- **知识点：** 介词短语的意义与用法
- **解析：** 需要选择正确的介词短语来表达“因……而生病”。正确答案是 *as a result of*，意为“由于……的结果”。
**4. Very few people understood this contract, ______ was very obscure.**
- **知识点：** 定语从句
- **解析：** 此题考查非限定性定语从句的用法。正确答案是 *the language of which*，用来指代前面提到的合同的语言。
**5. I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.**
- **知识点：** 情态动词与虚拟语气
- **解析：** 考查情态动词表示对过去事情的后悔或批评。此处 *shouldn’t have left* 表示“本不应该离开”，符合语境。
**6. We are all concerned ______ her safety.**
- **知识点：** 介词搭配
- **解析：** 考察 *be concerned about* 的固定搭配，表示“关心……的安全”。
**7. Having decided to rent a flat, we ______ contacting housing agencies in the city.**
- **知识点：** 动词短语的意义与用法
- **解析：** 此处考查短语 *set about* 的用法，意为“着手做某事”。
**8. It makes good ______ to bring an umbrella; it seems to be raining today.**
- **知识点：** 固定搭配
- **解析：** *make good sense* 是固定搭配，意为“有道理”。
**9. ______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?**
- **知识点：** 疑问句结构
- **解析：** 正确答案是 *Is it true*，构成疑问句形式，询问某个陈述是否为真。
**10. If you ______ in behaving in this way, you will bring yourself nothing but trouble.**
- **知识点：** 动词词义辨析
- **解析：** *persist* 意为“坚持”，在这里表示“如果继续这样行为”，符合语境。
#### 二、问答题知识点解析
**11. 重写句子：Hockey is a sport which is popular in many countries around the world. (simple sentence)**
- **知识点：** 简单句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“Hockey is popular.” 这里将原句中的定语从句简化为形容词，保留了核心信息。
**12. 重写句子：Not until he crossed the line and felt the tape snap against his chest did Johnson know he had won the race. (loose sentence)**
- **知识点：** 松散句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“Johnson knew he had won the race when he crossed the line and felt the tape snap against his chest.” 这里调整了句子结构，使得主句先出现，再引出其他细节。
**13. 重写句子：I have checked my documents several times. I still can’t find the problem. (compound sentence)**
- **知识点：** 复合句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“I have checked my documents several times, and I still can’t find the problem.” 使用连词 *and* 将两个简单句连接起来形成复合句。
**14. 重写句子：The teacher returned the homework. The teacher noticed the error. (complex sentence)**
- **知识点：** 复杂句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“The teacher returned the homework, which contained an error that she noticed.” 这里通过添加从句使句子更加复杂。
**15. 重写句子：When we are relieved of working pressures of the office, we can enjoy happiness and relaxation at home. (modifying phrase)**
- **知识点：** 修饰短语的应用
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“Relieved of working pressures of the office, we can enjoy happiness and relaxation at home.” 这里使用了现在分词短语作为前置修饰语。
**16. 重写句子：Alan passed the test. Alan had studied hard. Alan had understood the material. (complex sentence)**
- **知识点：** 复杂句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“Alan passed the test, having studied hard and understood the material.” 这里通过添加现在分词短语使句子更加复杂。
**17. 重写句子：Fossil fuels are non-renewable. We need to find alternative energy sources. (compound sentence)**
- **知识点：** 复合句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“Fossil fuels are non-renewable, so we need to find alternative energy sources.” 这里使用了连词 *so* 连接两个简单句，形成了复合句。
**18. 重写句子：We slipped on the road when we could see no lights in the heavy rain that night. (periodic sentence)**
- **知识点：** 周期句的构建
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“In the heavy rain that night, when we could see no lights, we slipped on the road.” 这里调整了句子结构，使得从句先出现，最后才给出主句，形成周期句。
**19. 重写句子：At the international museum, you can find ancient Egyptian art. You can explore African artifacts there. You can discover beautiful textiles from around the world there. (parallel structure)**
- **知识点：** 平行结构的应用
- **解析：** 可以改写为：“At the international museum, you can find ancient Egyptian art, explore African artifacts, and discover beautiful textiles from around the world.” 这里通过并列结构使句子更清晰。
**20. 重写句子：We lived in a small town when I was a small child. We moved to...**
- **知识点：** 连贯性和上下文衔接
- **解析：** 根据上下文，可以推测句子后面可能接续新的居住地点。例如：“We lived in a small town when I was a small child, and we moved to a bigger city when I was older.” 这里通过添加信息并使用连词 *and* 保持句子的连贯性。
以上是对题目中的知识点进行的详细解析，旨在帮助考生更好地理解和掌握英语写作的基础知识。
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