A segmentation fault (often shortened to segfault) is a
particular error condition that can occur during the
operation of computer software. In short, a segmentation
fault occurs when a program attempts to access a memory
location that it is not allowed to access, or attempts to
access a memory location in a way that is not allowed (e.g.,
attempts to write to a read-only location, or to overwrite
part of the operating system). Systems based on processors
like the Motorola 68000 tend to refer to these events as
Address or Bus errors.
Segmentation is one approach to memory management and
protection in the operating system. It has been superseded
by paging for most purposes, but much of the terminology
of segmentation is still used, "segmentation fault " being
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