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离合器外文翻译 (2).pdf
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离合器外文翻译
Transmission System
A Basic Parts of the transmission system
The transmission system applies to the components needed to transfer the
drive from the engine to the road wheels. The main components and their
purposes are
(1) Clutch --- to disengage the drive
--- to provide a smooth take-up of the drive
(2) Gearbox --- to increase the torque applied to the driving road wheels
--- to enable the engine to operate within a given range of speed
irrespective of the vehicle speed
--- to give reverse motion of the vehicle
--- to provide a neutral position so that the engine can run without
moving the vehicle
(3) Final drive --- to turn the drive through 90°
--- to reduce the speed of the drive by a set amount to match the
engine to the vehicle
(4) Differential --- to allow the inner driving road wheel to rotate slower than the
outer wheel when the vehicle is cornering, whilst it ensures
that a drive is applied equally to both wheels.
B Clutch and Clutch Service
In order to transmit the power of the engine to the road wheels of a car, a
friction clutch and a change-speed gearbox are normally employed. The former
is necessary in order to enable the drive to be taken up gradually and smoothly,
while the latter provides different ratios of speed reduction from the engine to
the wheels, to suit the particular conditions of running,
A clutch performs two tasks:
(1) it disengages the engine from the gearbox to allow for gear changing.
(2) it is a means for gradually engaging the engine to the driving wheels,
when a vehicle is to be moved from rest the clutch must engage a stationary
gearbox shaft with the engine; this must be rotating at a high speed to provide
sufficient power or else the load will be too great and the engine will start (come
to test).
C Clutch Action
To start the engine, the driver must depress the clutch pedal. This disengages
the gearbox from the engine. To move the car, the driver must reengage the
gearbox to the engine. However, the engagement of the parts must be gradual. An
engine at idle develops little power. If the two parts were connected too quickly,
the engine would stall. The load must be applied gradually to operate the car
smoothly.
A driver depresses the clutch pedal to shift the gears inside the gearbox. After
the driver releases the clutch pedal, the clutch must act as solid coupling device.
It must transmit all engine power to the gearbox, without slipping.
The clutch mechanism include three basic parts: driving member, driven
member, operating members.
● The driving member
The driving member consists of two parts: the flywheel and the pressure plate.
The flywheel is bolted directly to the engine crankshaft and rotates when the
crankshaft turns. The pressure plate is bolted to the flywheel. The result is that
both flywheel and pressure plate rotate together.
● The driven member
The driven member, or clutch disc, is located between the flywheel and
pressure plate. The disc has a splined hub that locks to the splined input shaft on
the gearbox .Any rotation of the clutch disc turns the input shaft .Likewise, any
motion of the input shaft moves the clutch disc. The splines allow the clutch disc
to move forward and backward on the shaft as it engages and disengages.
The inner part of the clutch disc, called the hub flange, has a number of small
coil springs. These springs are called torsional springs. They let the middle part
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