Problem Chosen
B
2022
MCM
Summary Sheet
Team Control Number
XXXXXXX
Let Water Flow to the Optimal Allocation
Summary
Water or electricity? Arizona or California? Faced with continued rainfall shortages and high
temperatures, a rational and defensible water allocation strategy is critical for the Colorado River
Basin. Our team is glad to analysis and solve this problem mathematically.
Several models are established: Model I: Multi-Objective Optimization Model; Model II:
AHP and TOPSIS Combined Evaluation Model; Model III: Single Objective Linear Programming
Model, etc.
Before all the models are established, we looked up detailed hydrological data on the Colorado
River basin, as well as data on population, industrial and agricultural output, GDP and electricity
demand of five states. After we get the data, we applied a lot of data visualization methods in our
paper to make the results more intuitive.
For Model I: We have fully considered the role of water and electricity for social goal and
economic goal and established a Multi-Objective Optimization Model which has four objectives.
We focus on how to coordinate the work of two dams under complex constraints. We apply an
Improved Genetic Algorithm to solve our model, which makes the complex problem easier. And
we get the best solutions for how much water and electricity the two dams would provide to the five
states in a month’s time. On this basis, time is introduced as a variable to help calculate how much
time it will take, or how much supplyment should be provided to meet those needs by integral
equation(results are shown in Table 2).
In addition, we applied Fourier Analysis to process the data of water and electricity demand
of five states in the past ten years, and obtained the periodic change rule of these data, and then
concluded that our model should be run again every three months.
For Model II: In order to deal with the contradiction between water and electricity, we define
the Fairness Coefficient of water and electricity, then apply it to the solution of model I. We
use AHP and TOPSIS Combined Evaluation Model to caculate the fairness coefficient from 3
dimensions: conomic, social and ecological dimensions, which can not only solve the problems
that some indexes are difficult to quantify, but also ensure the objectivity of the fairness coefficient.
For Model III, We divided the degree of drought into four grades, defined the Economic Loss
Function, establish a Single Objective Programming Model, and worked out the water resources
allocation plan that minimizes the economic loss under the premise of guaranteeing the domestic
water. In the end, the experimental rules are summarized and general suggestions are provided.
As the three models mentioned above discuss rich factors and drought conditions, our model
has strong adaptability. It can be used not only in the area we are studying, but also in other places
like that. Finally, sensitivity analysis of supply and demand analysis shows that the model is
not sensitive to the mutual change, that is, it can provide the best allocation scheme for different
regions. At the same time, the robustness of the model is tested. When 10% random disturbance
is added, the maximum error is 4.723%, which proves its stability. Afterwards, a Budget Request
supported by our stable models has been written for CFA.
Keywords: Water Allocation; Multi-Objective Optimization; Improved Genetic Algorithm;
AHP and TOPSIS Combined Evaluation Model; Sensitivity Analysis