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江 苏 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文
I
摘 要
磁体旋转型实心盘式磁力耦合器具备多种调速方式,是一种具有新结构的调
速装置,其不仅具备无接触式传递、对中性要求低、结构简单、具有节能效果等
优点,还可以通过调整气隙厚度、调整永磁体旋转角度以及同时调整气隙厚度和
永磁体旋转角度的复合调速实现三种调速方式,本文针对该类型磁力耦合器进行
了以下研究并获得了成果:
(
1
)运用考虑了感应磁场的等效磁路法推导出永磁体旋转角度为
0
°时的
输出转矩公式和调速关系模型。首先引入等效磁路法,推导磁力耦合器各部分的
磁阻公式,运用电磁感应定律,计算感应电流和感应磁场,并将感应磁场与原磁
场叠加,以推导出电磁转矩的计算公式,其特征为考虑了感应电流。然后结合恒
转矩、二次方率和恒功率负载的特性,分别建立调速关系模型。最后,运用
Matlab
软件对输出转矩以及调速关系模型进行数值分析求解,并进行结果分析。
(
2
)通过模拟获得磁力耦合器的静态和瞬态时的气隙磁场、机械特性曲线
以及功率特性曲线并进行分析。得到磁力耦合器在不同状态下的磁感应分布云
图,平均气隙厚度下永磁体内半径到外半径处的轴向气隙磁密,以及平均半径处
不同气隙位置的轴向磁密,并对磁感应云图以及轴向气隙磁密的幅值和分布规律
进行分析。模拟不同气隙厚度和永磁体旋转角度位置处各转速差下的输出转矩,
获得机械特性曲线及功率特性曲线,并结合输入转速对机械特性的影响,对其进
行对比分析。
(
3
)模拟获得磁力耦合器的调速特性曲线并研究调速范围与负载的关系、
提出了结合机械特性和功率特性判断导体盘主要参数对磁力耦合器性能的影响
的方法。在模拟得到不同气隙厚度和旋转角度下的输出转矩的基础上,分别分析
磁力耦合器在恒转矩、二次方率和恒功率负载的工况下,应用调整气隙、调整永
磁旋转角度和复合调速方式进行调速时的调速性能,并就其调速范围与负载之间
的关系进行对比分析。在原有设计参数的基础上,对导体盘不同导体层厚度、延
伸长度和导体材料下的机械特性和功率特性进行模拟,并对其结构进行分析优
化。
(
4
)搭建智能测试平台对磁力耦合器进行空载和恒转矩负载下的输出转矩、
磁体旋转型实心盘式磁力耦合器的调速性能分析
II
转速及效率的试验。在空载状态下,试验得到磁力耦合器的机械特性曲线,将较
小的气隙厚度和较大的气隙厚度下的试验值分别与计算值、模拟值进行对比分
析,并研究磁力耦合器效率的变化规律;在恒负载状态下,研究不同输入转速下
输出转速的变化规律,将不同恒转矩负载下的输出转速的规律以及工作效率进行
对比,并将试验值与计算值、模拟值进行对比,验证三者的吻合度。
关键字:磁力耦合器,等效磁路模型,机械特性,调速特性,功率特性,效率
江 苏 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文
III
ABSTRACT
Magnet rotation-type solid axial-flux magnetic coupler (MRSAMC) as a new
structure of the speed-regulation device has a variety of speed-regulation ways. It is a
non-contact transmission device with low requirements for neutrality, simple structure
and energy saving effect. It can realize three kinds of speed-regulation ways by
adjusting the thickness of air gap, adjusting the rotation angle of the permanent
magnet, as well as adjusting thickness of the air gap and the rotation angle of the
permanent magnet simultaneously. So it has better speed-regulation performance than
conventional magnetic couplers. This dissertation studies this type of magnetic
coupler and obtains the following results:
(1) When the rotation angle of the permanent magnet is 0°, the expressions of
electromagnetic torque and the speed-regulation models are derived by using the
equivalent magnetic circuit method considering the induced magnetic field. Firstly,
the equivalent magnetic circuit method is introduced to derive expressions of magnet
resistance of each part of MRSAMC. The induced current and magnetic field are
calculated by using the electromagnetic induction law, and the induced magnetic field
is superimposed with the original magnetic field to derive the expressions of the
electromagnetic torque, which is characterized by considering the induced current.
Then combined with the load characteristics of constant torque, quadratic load and
constant power load, the speed regulation relationship models of MRSAMC are
established respectively. Finally, the electromagnetic torque and the speed-regulation
models of MRSAMC are solved by using MATLAB numerical analysis software, and
the main results are analyzed.
(2) The static and transient magnetic field in air gap, mechanical characteristic
curves and power characteristic curves of MRSAMC are simulated and analyzed. The
static and transient magnetic induction intensity distribution nephograms, the axial air
gap magnetic density at different radii between the inside and outer radius of the
permanent magnet at the average air gap positions, and the axial air gap magnetic
density at different air gap positions under the average radius are obtained. And the
磁体旋转型实心盘式磁力耦合器的调速性能分析
IV
rules of magnetic induction intensity distribution nephogram and axial air gap
magnetic density are analyzed. The output torque of MRSAMC at different speed
differences, different air gaps and different rotation angles of the permanent magnet is
simulated to obtain the mechanical characteristic curves and power characteristic
curves. Analyze mechanical characteristics by considerding the influence of the input
speed.
(3) The speed-regulation characteristic curves of MRSAMC are obtained by
simulating, and relationships between speed ranges and loads are studied. A method is
proposed to judge the influence of the main parameters of the conductor plate on the
performance of MRSAMC by combining the mechanical characteristics and power
characteristics. On the basis of output torques are simulated under different air gaps
and rotation angles, when MRSAMC drives constant torque, quadratic rate and
constant power loads, the speed-regulation performances of adjusting the thickness of
air gap, adjusting the rotation angle of the permanent magnet and complex speed-
regulation are analyzed respectively. The relationships between speed-regulation
ranges of MRSAMC and loads are analyzed. Besides, the mechanical and power
characteristics of MRSAMC when conductor disk with different conductor layer
thicknesses, extension lengths and conductor materials are simulated based on the
original design parameters, and its structure is optimized.
(4) An intelligent test platform is built to test the output torque, speed and
efficiency of MRSAMC under no-load and constant torque loads. Under the no-load
condition, the mechanical characteristic curves of MRSAMC are obtained from the
tests. The experimental values under the conditions of smaller and larger air gap
thicknesses are compared with the calculated values and the simulated values
respectively, and the variation rule of the efficiency of the magnetic coupler is studied.
Under constant torque loads condition, the change rule of output speed under different
input speed is studied, rules of output speed under different constant torque loads and
work efficiency are compared respectively, and the test value is compared with the
calculated value and the simulated value to verify the coincidence degree of the three.
江 苏 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文
V
KEY WORDS: Magnetic coupler, Equivalent magnetic circuit model, Mechanical
characteristics, Speed regulation characteristics, Power characteristics,
Efficiency
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