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摘要
Ι
摘要
计量泵是往复泵发展历程中的一个分支类型,是一种主要应用于输送介质工作场
合的容积泵,具有定量输送、流量可调节的特性,如今在微反应传动进料、生产及化
工行业的高精度配比传动进料等输液送料中起到重要作用。在大流量精密输送液体的
应用场合,目前的柱塞式计量泵仍然存在流量脉动较大以及其他结构上的弊端造成的
问题,本论文以精密送料用柱塞泵作为研究对象,以现有计量泵为参考,开展泵的动
力端机构设计,优化凸轮传动机构、泵箱体结构,并解决传统弹簧回程装置带来的噪
音问题等,研制出一套大流量无脉冲恒流计量泵,实现噪音低、维护拆装方便和运转
平稳的目标。本论文的主要研究内容如下:
(1)研究并设计了计量泵的传动机构,通过对比曲柄连杆机构和凸轮机构的运动
特性,确定了计量泵的等径凸轮传动机构形式,根据流量任务要求和设计经验为计量
泵的尺寸及动力选择合适的参数;利用组合运动规律求解得符合计量泵工作要求的“正
弦加速度加速-等速-正弦加速度减速”的 柱塞运动规律,同时以解析法得到凸轮廓线图
像,再通过程序获取数据点以及基圆公式确定凸轮尺寸完成凸轮模型的建立。
(2)进行了计量泵动力端模型的验证,在运动仿真中获取柱塞的运动特性,与理
论计算数据的结果进行验证分析;建立液力端内部流道的二维网格模型,通过流体软
件分析模拟出三柱塞的排液动作,从获取的出口流量结果验证所设计的三凸轮传动机
构能够驱动柱塞完成恒流排液的工作目的;校核了凸轮传动机构中的滚轮与凸轮的接
触强度,根据赫兹公式获取凸轮机构的压力角、法向载荷及曲率半径的变化值代入计
算,与凸轮材料的许用值对比进行接触强度设计条件的验证,最后再通过弯扭合成强
度条件计算得到满足强度的凸轮轴的轴径尺寸参数。
(3)在恒流计量泵的流量控制方面,通过计量泵的工作环境及任务需求选择相应
的 PLC 配套设备,基于三菱 PLC 类型对应计量泵的流量输送任务完成梯形图控制程序
的设计,再使用人机界面编辑软件对触摸屏的控制界面进行画面布局的设计并通过设
备之间的通讯连接完成屏幕画面按钮与 PLC 程序对应指令的映射联系。
(4)搭建了计量泵的流量测试平台,并根据调试内容选择合适的测量设备,通过
泵口输出流量的人工测量和传感器测量进行 PLC 流量控制程序以及计量泵动力端结构
设计的验证,同时在设定不同转速和压力的条件下经测量数据观察计量泵的工作性能,
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88491335/bg2.jpg)
广东工业大学硕士专业学位论文
Ⅱ
通过对传感器和记录仪进行数据处理得到泵出口流量曲线的结果,所设计的计量泵能
够满足平稳输液的工作要求。最后根据计量泵调试中出现的问题提出了对计量泵设计
及试验的建议并展望了后续的研究工作。
关键词:计量泵;凸轮设计;matlab运算程序;PLC控制系统;流量测试
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88491335/bg3.jpg)
ABSTRACT
Ⅲ
ABSTRACT
Metering pump is a branch of reciprocating pump in the development process. It is a
positive displacement pump mainly used in the working environment of conveying medium.
The metering pump has the characteristics of quantitative delivery and adjustable flow and it
undertakes important tasks in infusion feeding environments such as micro-reaction,
production and high-precision proportioning transmission feeding in the chemical industry.
In this thesis, the plunger pump for precise infusion is taken as the research object, and the
existing metering pump of the enterprise is taken as a reference to carry out the design of the
power end mechanism of the pump. This metering pump has improved cam mechanism and
pump box structure. It replaces the traditional spring return mechanism and has the
characteristics of low noise and convenient maintenance. The main research content of this
thesis is as follows:
(1) The transmission mechanism of metering pump is studied and designed. By
comparing the kinematic characteristics of crank linkage mechanism and cam mechanism,
the transmission form and structure type of constant flow pump are determined. According to
the task requirements and the design experience of various pump types, appropriate
parameters are selected for the size and power of the constant flow pump. The motion
characteristics of the plunger which meets the working requirements of the constant flow
pump are obtained by using the combined motion law of the follower. The plunger obtains
the motion law of the sine acceleration- the same speed- the sine acceleration, and the cam
outline of the constant flow pump is designed by using the analytic method of the cam.
Using the program to obtain the data points of the cam profile and the formula of the base
circle to determine the cam size, thus completing the establishment of the cam model.
(2) The power end model of constant flow pump is verified. The motion characteristics
of the plunger are obtained in the motion simulation, and these results are compared with the
theoretical data for verification. The pump head model is used as a reference to make a
two-dimensional model of the internal channel. After the grid model is established, the liquid
discharge action of the three pistons is simulated through the fluid software. From the
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88491335/bg4.jpg)
广东工业大学硕士专业学位论文
Ⅳ
calculation results, it is verified that the designed three-cam transmission mechanism can
drive the plunger to complete the purpose of constant infusion. The contact strength between
cam and roller is checked. The specific method is to calculate the contact stress according to
Hertz formula, and take the change values of pressure angle, normal force and curvature
radius of the cam mechanism into the formula. Then the size of the camshaft is calculated by
the strength conditions of bending moment and torque.
(3) In the aspect of flow control of constant flow metering pump, appropriate PLC
equipment is selected according to the working environment and task requirements of the
pump. Based on Mitsubishi PLC, the control program is designed for the flow transmission
task of metering pump. Then, the HMI editing software is used to design the screen layout of
the touch screen control interface and complete the connection between the screen design
and the PLC program through communication connection.
(4) The flow test platform of metering pump is built, and appropriate measuring
equipment is selected according to the test content. The feasibility of PLC program and
transmission mechanism design is verified by manual measurement and sensor measurement
of output flow. In the test, the metering pump is set with different speed and pressure
conditions, and the data results of the recorder are processed and analyzed. The results show
that the constant flow pump can meet the requirements of stable drainage. At the end of the
thesis, the suggestions on the design and experiment of constant flow pump are put forward
through the problems in the test, and the follow-up research work is prospected.
Key words: metering pump; cam design; matlab program; PLC system; flow test
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/88491335/bg5.jpg)
目录
Ⅴ
目录
摘要 ........................................................................................................................................... I
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... III
目录 ......................................................................................................................................... V
CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................ VIII
第一章 绪论 ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 课题研究背景及研究意义 ........................................................................................ 1
1.2 国内外计量泵的发展状况 ........................................................................................ 3
1.3 课题来源 .................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 论文主要内容 ............................................................................................................ 8
第二章 恒流计量泵的总体设计方案 .................................................................................. 10
2.1 往复泵的传动机构及工作原理 .............................................................................. 10
2.1.1 曲柄连杆机构 ............................................................................................... 10
2.1.2 凸轮机构 ....................................................................................................... 12
2.2 恒流泵的结构设计 .................................................................................................. 14
2.2.1 传动结构 ....................................................................................................... 14
2.2.2 恒流泵的主要构件 ....................................................................................... 15
2.3 恒流泵的主要参数 .................................................................................................. 20
2.3.1 泵的流量 ....................................................................................................... 20
2.3.2 柱塞的平均速度𝑈
𝑚
...................................................................................... 21
2.3.3 柱塞的往复次数𝑛和行程𝑆 .......................................................................... 22
2.3.4 柱塞的直径𝐷 ................................................................................................ 22
2.4 恒流计量泵的控制系统 .......................................................................................... 22
2.5 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 24
第三章 恒流泵凸轮机构设计 .............................................................................................. 25
3.1 凸轮轮廓及模型尺寸的确定 .................................................................................. 25
3.1.1 凸轮曲线 ....................................................................................................... 25
3.1.2 凸轮的尺寸及模型建立 ............................................................................... 31
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