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WG14/N1336 Committee Draft — August 11, 2008 ISO/IEC 9899:201x

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ©ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 9899:201x

Programming languages — C

ABSTRACT

(Coversheet to be provided by ISO Secretariat.)

This International Standard speciﬁes the form and establishes the interpretation of

programs expressed in the programming language C. Its purpose is to promote

portability,reliability,maintainability,and efﬁcient execution of C language programs on

avariety of computing systems.

Clauses are included that detail the C language itself and the contents of the C language

execution library.Annexessummarize aspects of both of them, and enumerate factors

that inﬂuence the portability of C programs.

Although this International Standard is intended to guide knowledgeable C language

programmers as well as implementors of C language translation systems, the document

itself is not designed to serveasatutorial.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notiﬁcation of an

relevant patent rights of which theyare aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Abstract i

ISO/IEC 9899:201x Committee Draft — August 11, 2008 WG14/N1336

6.5.1 Primary expressions ................. 69

6.5.2 Postﬁx operators ................... 69

6.5.3 Unary operators ................... 78

6.5.4 Cast operators .................... 81

6.5.5 Multiplicative operators ................ 82

6.5.6 Additive operators .................. 82

6.5.7 Bitwise shift operators ................. 84

6.5.8 Relational operators .................. 85

6.5.9 Equality operators .................. 86

6.5.10 Bitwise AND operator ................. 87

6.5.11 Bitwise exclusive OR operator ............. 88

6.5.12 Bitwise inclusive OR operator .............. 88

6.5.13 Logical AND operator ................. 89

6.5.14 Logical OR operator ................. 89

6.5.15 Conditional operator ................. 90

6.5.16 Assignment operators ................. 91

6.5.17 Comma operator ................... 94

6.6 Constant expressions ..................... 95

6.7 Declarations ........................ 97

6.7.1 Storage-class speciﬁers ................ 98

6.7.2 Type speciﬁers .................... 99

6.7.3 Type qualiﬁers ....................108

6.7.4 Function speciﬁers ..................112

6.7.5 Declarators .....................114

6.7.6 Type names .....................122

6.7.7 Type deﬁnitions ...................123

6.7.8 Initialization ....................125

6.8 Statements and blocks ....................131

6.8.1 Labeled statements ..................131

6.8.2 Compound statement .................132

6.8.3 Expression and null statements .............132

6.8.4 Selection statements .................133

6.8.5 Iteration statements ..................135

6.8.6 Jump statements ...................136

6.9 External deﬁnitions .....................140

6.9.1 Function deﬁnitions ..................141

6.9.2 External object deﬁnitions ...............143

6.10 Preprocessing directives ...................145

6.10.1 Conditional inclusion .................147

6.10.2 Source ﬁle inclusion .................149

6.10.3 Macro replacement ..................151

6.10.4 Line control .....................158

6.10.5 Error directive ....................159

6.10.6 Pragma directive ...................159

iv Contents

WG14/N1336 Committee Draft — August 11, 2008 ISO/IEC 9899:201x

6.10.7 Null directive ....................160

6.10.8 Predeﬁned macro names ................160

6.10.9 Pragma operator ...................161

6.11 Future language directions ..................163

6.11.1 Floating types ....................163

6.11.2 Linkages of identiﬁers .................163

6.11.3 External names ...................163

6.11.4 Character escape sequences ..............163

6.11.5 Storage-class speciﬁers ................163

6.11.6 Function declarators .................163

6.11.7 Function deﬁnitions ..................163

6.11.8 Pragma directives ..................163

6.11.9 Predeﬁned macro names ................163

7. Library .............................164

7.1 Introduction ........................164

7.1.1 Deﬁnitions of terms ..................164

7.1.2 Standard headers ...................165

7.1.3 Reserved identiﬁers ..................166

7.1.4 Use of library functions ................166

7.2 Diagnostics <assert.h> ..................169

7.2.1 Program diagnostics .................169

7.3 Complexarithmetic <complex.h> ..............170

7.3.1 Introduction .....................170

7.3.2 Conventions .....................171

7.3.3 Branch cuts .....................171

7.3.4 The CX_LIMITED_RANGE pragma ...........171

7.3.5 Trigonometric functions ................172

7.3.6 Hyperbolic functions .................174

7.3.7 Exponential and logarithmic functions ..........176

7.3.8 Power and absolute-value functions ...........177

7.3.9 Manipulation functions ................178

7.4 Character handling <ctype.h> ................181

7.4.1 Character classiﬁcation functions ............181

7.4.2 Character case mapping functions ............184

7.5 Errors <errno.h> .....................186

7.6 Floating-point environment <fenv.h> .............187

7.6.1 The FENV_ACCESS pragma ..............189

7.6.2 Floating-point exceptions ...............190

7.6.3 Rounding ......................193

7.6.4 Environment ....................194

7.7 Characteristics of ﬂoating types <float.h> ...........197

7.8 Format conversion of integer types <inttypes.h> ........198

7.8.1 Macros for format speciﬁers ..............198

7.8.2 Functions for greatest-width integer types .........199

Contents v

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普通网友

2013-04-17

嗯，对我帮助挺大的。
尹泽宇

2015-01-19

应该很不错，尚未详细研究。
hj_18

2012-06-18

先下载下来，好像这个文档版本很多，不知道哪个是最近的。
gqjjqg

2012-12-20

可以拿来参考，尚未详细研究。
ascend__a1

2013-11-11

几百页英文的专业技术文档，很多技术细节的介绍理解起来有难度

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