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H.265

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International Telecommunication Union

ITU-T

H.265

TELECOMMUNICATION

STANDARDIZATION SECTOR

OF ITU

(04/2013)

SERIES H: AUDIOVISUAL AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS

Infrastructure of audiovisual services – Coding of moving

video

High efficiency video coding

Recommendation ITU-T H.265

ii Rec. ITU-T H.265 (04/2013)

FOREWORD

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of

telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication

Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical,

operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing

telecommunications on a worldwide basis.

The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years,

establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on

these topics.

The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1.

In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are

prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC.

NOTE

In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a

telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.

Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain

mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the

Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some

other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The

use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may

involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence,

validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others

outside of the Recommendation development process.

As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property,

protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers

are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the

TSB patent database at http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/.

 ITU 2013

prior written permission of ITU.

Rec. ITU-T H.265 (04/2013) iii

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. 1

0.1 Prologue .............................................................................................................................................................. 1

0.2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................... 1

0.3 Applications ........................................................................................................................................................ 1

0.4 Publication and versions of this Specification .................................................................................................... 1

0.5 Profiles, tiers and levels ...................................................................................................................................... 2

0.6 Overview of the design characteristics ............................................................................................................... 2

0.7 How to read this Specification ............................................................................................................................ 2

1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................................. 3

2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 3

2.2 Identical Recommendations | International Standards ........................................................................................ 3

2.3 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content .......................................... 3

2.4 Additional references .......................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Definitions .................................................................................................................................................................. 3

4 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................ 12

5 Conventions .............................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.1 General .............................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.2 Arithmetic operators ......................................................................................................................................... 13

5.3 Logical operators .............................................................................................................................................. 13

5.4 Relational operators .......................................................................................................................................... 14

5.5 Bit-wise operators ............................................................................................................................................. 14

5.6 Assignment operators ........................................................................................................................................ 14

5.7 Range notation .................................................................................................................................................. 14

5.8 Mathematical functions ..................................................................................................................................... 15

5.9 Order of operation precedence .......................................................................................................................... 15

5.10 Variables, syntax elements, and tables .............................................................................................................. 16

5.11 Text description of logical operations ............................................................................................................... 17

5.12 Processes ........................................................................................................................................................... 18

6 Bitstream and picture formats, partitionings, scanning processes, and neighbouring relationships ......................... 18

6.1 Bitstream formats .............................................................................................................................................. 18

6.2 Source, decoded, and output picture formats .................................................................................................... 18

6.3 Partitioning of pictures, slices, slice segments, tiles, coding tree units, and coding tree blocks ....................... 21

6.3.1 Partitioning of pictures into slices, slice segments, and tiles .................................................................... 21

6.3.2 Block and quadtree structures ................................................................................................................... 22

6.3.3 Spatial or component-wise partionings ..................................................................................................... 23

6.4 Availability processes ....................................................................................................................................... 23

6.4.1 Derivation process for z-scan order block availability .............................................................................. 23

6.4.2 Derivation process for prediction block availability ................................................................................. 24

6.5 Scanning processes ........................................................................................................................................... 25

6.5.1 Coding tree block raster and tile scanning conversion process ................................................................. 25

6.5.2 Z-scan order array initialization process ................................................................................................... 26

6.5.3 Up-right diagonal scan order array initialization process .......................................................................... 26

6.5.4 Horizontal scan order array initialization process ..................................................................................... 27

6.5.5 Vertical scan order array initialization process ......................................................................................... 27

7 Syntax and semantics ................................................................................................................................................ 28

7.1 Method of specifying syntax in tabular form .................................................................................................... 28

7.2 Specification of syntax functions and descriptors ............................................................................................. 29

7.3 Syntax in tabular form ...................................................................................................................................... 30

7.3.1 NAL unit syntax ........................................................................................................................................ 30

7.3.1.1 General NAL unit syntax .................................................................................................................... 30

7.3.1.2 NAL unit header syntax ...................................................................................................................... 30