The table describes throughput and latency for processors with two FMA units, assuming all sources come from the FMA unit.
See FMA latency chapter in the optimization guide for more information.
Memory latencies are assuming Data Cache Unit (DCU) hit
The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual describes how to optimize software to take advantage of the performance characteristics of IA-32 and Intel 64 architecture processors.
The target audience for this manual includes software programmers and compiler writers. This manual
assumes that the reader is familiar with the basics of the IA-32 architecture and has access to the Intel®
64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual. A detailed understanding of Intel 64 and IA-32
processors is often required. In many cases, knowledge of the underlying microarchitectures is required.
The design guidelines that are discussed in this manual for developing high-performance software generally apply to current as well as to future IA-32 and Intel 64 processors. In most cases, coding rules apply
to software running in 64-bit mode of Intel 64 architecture, compatibility mode of Intel 64 architecture,
and IA-32 modes (IA-32 modes are supported in IA-32 and Intel 64 architectures). Coding rules specific
to 64-bit modes are noted separately
Volume 1: Describes the architecture and programming environment of processors supporting IA-32 and Intel® 64 architectures.
Volume 2: Includes the full instruction set reference, A-Z. Describes the format of the instruction and provides reference pages for instructions.
Volume 3: Includes the full system programming guide, parts 1, 2, 3, and 4. Describes the operating-system support environment of Intel® 64 and IA-32 architectures, including: memory management, protection, task management, interrupt and exception handling, multi-processor support, thermal and power management features, debugging, performance monitoring, system management mode, virtual machine extensions (VMX) instructions, Intel® Virtualization Technology (Intel® VT), and Intel® Software Guard Extensions (Intel® SGX).
Volume 4: Describes the model-specific registers of processors supporting IA-32 and Intel® 64 architectures.
The Cavium OCTEON III CN71XX Multicore cnMIPS64 processors are a family of
processors targeted at intelligent networking, wireless, control-plane, and storage
applications. The CN71XX is targeted for many applications, but is particularly wellsuited for the following applications and standards:
This reference manual defines the functionality of the P4080 QorIQ Integrated Host Controller. This
device integrates eight PowerPC™ processor cores based on Power Architecture™ technology, two frame
manager units, other datapath acceleration blocks, with system logic required for networking,
telecommunications, and wireless infrastructure applications. The e500mc processor core is a low-power
implementation of the family of reduced instruction set computing (RISC) embedded processors that
implement the Book E definition of the Power Architecture
e6500 Core Reference Manual
This core reference manual includes the register model, instruction model, MMU, memory subsystem, and
debug and performance monitor facilities of the e6500 core. The primary objective of this manual is to
describe the functionality of the e6500 embedded microprocessor core for software and hardware
developers
This set of examples shows how to set up the Memory Management Unit (MMU) in a bare metal environment. The examples
walk through sets of code, building on the overall explanation of the MMU and translation process that the Memory
management guide provides.
This guide introduces the exception and privilege model in Armv8-A. This guide covers the different types of exceptions in the Arm
architecture, and the behavior of the processor when it receives an exception
This guide introduces the memory model in Armv8-A. It begins by explaining where attributes that describe memory come from and
how they are assigned to regions of memory. Then it introduces the different attributes that are available and explains the basics of
memory ordering