【高中英语知识点详解113】：run out与run out of的区别
在学习英语时，理解和掌握动词短语的用法至关重要。本知识点聚焦于"run out"和"run out of"这两个短语，它们都表示“用完、耗尽”的意思，但在语法结构和语境使用上有所不同。
我们来看"room"和"space"的用法。"room"和"space"作为不可数名词时，均表示“空间，余地”。"Room"还有“房间”的意思，是可数名词，例如："live in a room 5"（住在5号房间）和"three rooms"（三个房间）。"Space"则通常指“太空”，是不可数名词，如："in space"（在太空）和"take up much room"（占很多空间）。值得注意的是，"standing room"表示“站立的地方”，"room"在这里具有具体场所的含义。在单句改错练习中：
1. There is much **rooms** for improvement in our work. (错误，应改为：There is much **room** for improvement in our work.)
2. There isn’t enough **spaces** in this classroom for 30 desks. (错误，应改为：There isn’t enough **space** in this classroom for 30 desks.)
3. The universe exists in the **space**, as we all know. (错误，应去掉**the**，因为宇宙存在于空间之中，此处space为抽象概念，前面不加定冠词。)
接下来，我们探讨"run out"和"run out of"的差异。"Run out"是不及物动词短语，常用来表达某物自行耗尽，例如："Money is running out."（钱快用光了），或是状态变化，如："All the money has given out."（所有的钱都花光了）。"Run out of"则是及物动词短语，强调主语主动用完某物，例如："We’re running out of money."（我们快把钱用光了）和"He is running short of oil."（他快把油用完了）。在翻译句子时，例如：“两周过去了，他们的食品用完了。”可以有多种表达方式：
1. Two weeks passed, and their food ran out.
2. Two weeks passed, and they ran out of the food.
3. Two weeks passed, and their food gave out.
4. Two weeks passed, and their food had been used up.
5. Two weeks passed, and their food ran short.
6. Two weeks passed, and they ran short of the food.
我们讨论"save"和"rescue"这两个动词。"Save"是一个普通且含义广泛的词，它不仅表示“拯救”，还暗示被救者在以后能够安全地生存。例如："He operated on her at once, and Edison’s mother was saved."（他立刻给她做了手术，爱迪生的母亲得救了）和"They fight against the enemy to save their country."（他们对抗敌人以拯救国家）。而"rescue"则更强调在直接危险中迅速有效地救援，通常用于救人的情况，比如："Helicopters were sent to rescue them, but it was impossible for them to get close enough."（直升机被派去营救他们，但他们无法足够接近）。
总结起来，理解和运用这些短语和词汇，能够帮助我们在高中英语学习中更加准确地表达思想，并在实际语境中灵活运用。对于"room"和"space"的区分，"run out"与"run out of"的不同，以及"save"和"rescue"的微妙差异，都需要通过大量实践来巩固记忆，从而提高英语水平。
