摘 要
现在的实验教学网络管理系统存在实验题目分发慢，文档交换不方便，师
生交流困难等方面的问题。为了解决现有系统的这些问题，特开发新的实验教
学网络管理系统。
作者以实际应用为开发背景，运用软件工程原理和开发方法，采用当前网
络开发主流技术，结合 和 数据库技术，设计并开发了一个基于 模
式的实验教学管理系统。首先对开发系统进行了需求分析，得到系统功能需求
数据流图和数据字典。随后对系统进行了概要设计和详细设计，在概要设计中
主要进行了系统功能模块划分，将系统划分为了管理员控制模块、教师控制模
块和学生控制模块三大模块，其中管理员的权限包括对新教师和新学生的注册
对新管理员的注册和对实验题目的审批；教师的权限包括实验题目的申请，学
生实验结果的查看，回答学生提问；学生权限包括选择实验题目，上传实验结
果和向教师提问。概要设计中还进行了系统总体结构设计，系统数据结构设计
系统安全设计等。详细设计主要包括系统数据库访问的实现，主要功能模块的
具体实现，模块实现关键代码等。最后对系统进行了功能测试，并对测试结果
进行了分析，在总结、分析的基础上，指出了系统存在的不足及需要改进的地
方，为今后开发类似系统提供借鉴和帮助。
本系统界面友好，操作方便，能够基本满足实验教学管理的要求。
关键词：实验教学管理系统；；三层结构
1
Abstract
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2
目 录
第 1 章 绪 论..............................................................................................................................................1
34%4选题背景%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4
34%5开发技术%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4
34%5%4 技术%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 4
34%5%5*6,%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 5
34%7论文结构安排%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 5
34%8作者在本次设计中的工作%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5
第 2 章 系统需求分析...............................................................................................................................3
35%4系统可行性分析%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%7
35%5系统功能需求分析%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%8
35%7系统数据流图%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 9
35%8数据字典%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%9
名字：实验编号..................................................................................................................................... ...5
别名：..................................................................................................................................................... ...5
描述：唯一的标识一个实验的一个关键域......................................................................................... ...5
定义：实验编号=11{ 数字}11...................................................................................................................5
名字：实验申报信息............................................................................................................................. ...6
别名：实验申请信息............................................................................................................................. ...6
描述：教师申报实验时需要提交的信息表......................................................................................... ...6
定义：实验编号=实验编号+教师编号+介绍文档.................................................................................6
别名：..................................................................................................................................................... ...6
描述：学生提交给系统得实验结果..................................................................................................... ...6
定义：实验结果=实验编号+学生编号+结果文档.................................................................................6
名字：实验开放状态............................................................................................................................. ...6
别名：..................................................................................................................................................... ...6
描述：某个实验是否通过审查的标志................................................................................................. ...6
定义：实验开放状态=0{数字}4..............................................................................................................6
名字：问题信息..................................................................................................................................... ...6
别名：提问信息..................................................................................................................................... ...6
描述：学生提问时提交给系统的信息................................................................................................. ...6
定义：问题信息=学生编号+提交时间+问题.........................................................................................6
名字：回复信息..................................................................................................................................... ...6
3
别名：答案信息..................................................................................................................................... ...6
描述：教师回答的信息......................................................................................................................... ...6
定义：答案信息=教师编号+提交时间+答案.........................................................................................6
第 3 章 系统设计.......................................................................................................................................7
37%4系统功能设计%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% :
37%5系统总体结构%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% :
37%5数据库概要设计%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%;
37%5%4概念设计%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%;
37%5%5逻辑设计%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%44
37%5%7物理设计%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 44
第 4 章 系统实现.....................................................................................................................................14
38%4数据库连接实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%48
38%5管理员功能模块实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%48
38%5%4人员管理功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%49
38%5%5实验审批功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4;
38%7教师功能模块实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4<
38%7%4实验申请功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4<
38%7%5实验结果查看功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%54
38%7%7问题回复功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%55
38%8学生功能模块实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%57
38%8%4实验选题功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%57
38%8%5疑难提问功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%59
38%8%5实验结果上传功能实现%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5:
第 5 章 系统测试.....................................................................................................................................29
39%4测试环境%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5<
39%5系统功能测试%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5<
39%5%4人员管理功能测试%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5<
39%5%5选题功能测试%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%74
39%5%7实验结果批阅功能测试%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%75
39%5%8在线交流功能测试%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%77
39%7%测试结果分析%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%77
总 结.........................................................................................................................................................34
参考文献............................................................................................................................................... ...35
[4]张海藩.《软件工程导论》.清华大学出版社.2003-1.......................................................................35
致 谢.........................................................................................................................................................36
4
第 1 章 绪 论
§1.1 选题背景
现在，网络越来越多的走进人们的生活当中，特别是在学校的管理上，许
多工作都是通过网络来操作。学校的多数工作，例如：选课，8、= 级报名等工
作都是通过学校的网站来完成。网络给学生和老师都带来了极大的便利，老师
和学生可以通过网络非常方便的进行交流以至于文档交换，这为实验教学网络
管理系统的实现创造了条件。本次毕业设计的选题——《实验教学网络管理系
统》即是通过 以及数据库技术开发出来的，基于 模式的一个教学管理
系统。下面就让我们来对这个毕业设计进行初步的认识。
§1.2 开发技术
本系统所涉及的开发技术主要是指 技术和 *6,。
§1.2.1 JSP 技术
技术是目前应用开发中的核心技术，也是目前流行的 7 技术中应用最
广 泛 的 一 种 。 7 技 术 分 别 是 ： , （ ,
） 、 >? >@ 和 （
） 。 最初 是 AB 公 司 推 出 的 ， , 是 " 公 司的 产品 ，
> 是 由 一 个 网 络 小 组 开 发 和 维 护 的 。 目 前 最 常 用 的 是 和
,（,%B）。
在 正式发布 ?@之后，这种新的 应用开
发技术很快引起了人们的关注。 为创建高度动态的 应用提供了一个
独特的开发环境。按照 的说法， 能够适应市场上包括 ,
、 CC8%D 在 内 的 ;9E 的 服 务 器 产 品 。 与 " 的
, 兼容，但是它是使用类似 > 的卷标以及 ,F, 程序
代码段，而不是 F。当你所是使用的网站服务器没有提供本地 , 支
持，也就是 , 或者 B 服务器时，可以考虑 。虽然你可以取
得这些服务器的 , 附加配备模块，但是价格昂贵，而目前 并没有对你所
需要的 组件收取费用。对于 、 以及 $，这些组件也
都很容易取得
[1]
。
1
