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The OpenGL

Shading Language

Language Version: 4.50

Document Revision: 6

14-Apr-2016

Editor: John Kessenich, Google

Version 1.1 Authors: John Kessenich, Dave Baldwin, Randi Rost

This specification is protected by copyright laws and contains material proprietary to the Khronos Group,

Inc. It or any components may not be reproduced, republished, distributed, transmitted, displayed,

broadcast, or otherwise exploited in any manner without the express prior written permission of Khronos

Group. You may use this specification for implementing the functionality therein, without altering or

removing any trademark, copyright or other notice from the specification, but the receipt or

possession of this specification does not convey any rights to reproduce, disclose, or distribute its

contents, or to manufacture, use, or sell anything that it may describe, in whole or in part.

Khronos Group grants express permission to any current Promoter, Contributor or Adopter member of

Khronos to copy and redistribute UNMODIFIED versions of this specification in any fashion, provided that

NO CHARGE is made for the specification and the latest available update of the specification for any

version of the API is used whenever possible. Such distributed specification may be reformatted AS

LONG AS the contents of the specification are not changed in any way. The specification may be

incorporated into a product that is sold as long as such product includes significant independent work

developed by the seller. A link to the current version of this specification on the Khronos Group website

should be included whenever possible with specification distributions.

Khronos Group makes no, and expressly disclaims any, representations or warranties, express or

implied, regarding this specification, including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability

or fitness for a particular purpose or noninfringement of any intellectual property. Khronos Group makes

no, and expressly disclaims any, warranties, express or implied, regarding the correctness, accuracy,

completeness, timeliness, and reliability of the specification. Under no circumstances will

the Khronos Group, or any of its Promoters, Contributors or Members or their respective partners,

officers, directors, employees, agents, or representatives be liable for any damages, whether direct,

indirect, special or consequential damages for lost revenues, lost profits, or otherwise, arising from or in

connection with these materials.

Khronos, SYCL, SPIR, WebGL, EGL, COLLADA, StreamInput, OpenVX, OpenKCam, glTF, OpenKODE,

OpenVG, OpenWF, OpenSL ES, OpenMAX, OpenMAX AL, OpenMAX IL and OpenMAX DL are

trademarks and WebCL is a certification mark of the Khronos Group Inc. OpenCL is a trademark of Apple

Inc. and OpenGL and OpenML are registered trademarks and the OpenGL ES and OpenGL SC logos are

trademarks of Silicon Graphics International used under license by Khronos. All other product names,

trademarks, and/or company names are used solely for identification and belong to their respective

owners.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................1

1.1 Acknowledgments................................................................................................................2

1.2 Changes................................................................................................................................3

1.2.1 Changes from Revision 5 of GLSL Version 4.50.........................................................3

1.2.2 Changes from Revision 3 of GLSL Version 4.50.........................................................3

1.2.3 Summary of Changes from Revision 9 of GLSL Version 4.40....................................4

1.3 Overview..............................................................................................................................4

1.4 Error Handling......................................................................................................................5

1.5 Typographical Conventions..................................................................................................5

1.6 Deprecation..........................................................................................................................5

2 Overview of OpenGL Shading....................................................................................................6

2.1 Vertex Processor...................................................................................................................6

2.2 Tessellation Control Processor.............................................................................................6

2.3 Tessellation Evaluation Processor........................................................................................7

2.4 Geometry Processor.............................................................................................................7

2.5 Fragment Processor..............................................................................................................7

2.6 Compute Processor...............................................................................................................7

3 Basics..........................................................................................................................................9

3.1 Character Set and Phases of Compilation............................................................................9

3.2 Source Strings....................................................................................................................10

3.3 Preprocessor.......................................................................................................................11

3.4 Comments..........................................................................................................................16

3.5 Tokens................................................................................................................................17

3.6 Keywords............................................................................................................................17

3.7 Identifiers...........................................................................................................................19

3.8 Definitions..........................................................................................................................19

3.8.1 Static Use....................................................................................................................20

3.8.2 Uniform and Non-Uniform Control Flow..................................................................20

3.8.3 Dynamically Uniform Expressions and Uniform Control Flow.................................20

4 Variables and Types...................................................................................................................22

4.1 Basic Types.........................................................................................................................22

4.1.1 Void.............................................................................................................................26

4.1.2 Booleans.....................................................................................................................26

4.1.3 Integers.......................................................................................................................26

4.1.4 Floating-Point Variables.............................................................................................28

4.1.5 Vectors........................................................................................................................29

4.1.6 Matrices......................................................................................................................29

4.1.7 Opaque Types.............................................................................................................30

iii

4.1.7.1 Samplers.............................................................................................................30

4.1.7.2 Images.................................................................................................................30

4.1.7.3 Atomic Counters.................................................................................................31

4.1.8 Structures....................................................................................................................31

4.1.9 Arrays..........................................................................................................................32

4.1.10 Implicit Conversions................................................................................................36

4.1.11 Initializers.................................................................................................................37

4.2 Scoping...............................................................................................................................39

4.3 Storage Qualifiers...............................................................................................................42

4.3.1 Default Storage Qualifier............................................................................................43

4.3.2 Constant Qualifier......................................................................................................43

4.3.3 Constant Expressions.................................................................................................44

4.3.4 Input Variables............................................................................................................44

4.3.5 Uniform Variables.......................................................................................................47

4.3.6 Output Variables.........................................................................................................48

4.3.7 Buffer Variables..........................................................................................................50

4.3.8 Shared Variables.........................................................................................................51

4.3.9 Interface Blocks..........................................................................................................51

4.4 Layout Qualifiers................................................................................................................56

4.4.1 Input Layout Qualifiers...............................................................................................58

4.4.1.1 Tessellation Evaluation Inputs............................................................................62

4.4.1.2 Geometry Shader Inputs......................................................................................63

4.4.1.3 Fragment Shader Inputs......................................................................................64

4.4.1.4 Compute Shader Inputs.......................................................................................65

4.4.2 Output Layout Qualifiers............................................................................................66

4.4.2.1 Transform Feedback Layout Qualifiers..............................................................68

4.4.2.2 Tessellation Control Outputs..............................................................................70

4.4.2.3 Geometry Outputs...............................................................................................71

4.4.2.4 Fragment Outputs...............................................................................................73

4.4.3 Uniform Variable Layout Qualifiers...........................................................................74

4.4.4 Subroutine Function Layout Qualifiers......................................................................75

4.4.5 Uniform and Shader Storage Block Layout Qualifiers...............................................75

4.4.6 Opaque-Uniform Layout Qualifiers............................................................................78

4.4.6.1 Atomic Counter Layout Qualifiers......................................................................79

4.4.6.2 Format Layout Qualifiers....................................................................................80

4.5 Interpolation Qualifiers......................................................................................................82

4.5.1 Redeclaring Built-in Interpolation Variables in the Compatibility Profile.................83

4.6 Parameter Qualifiers...........................................................................................................84

4.7 Precision and Precision Qualifiers.....................................................................................84

4.7.1 Range and Precision...................................................................................................84

4.7.2 Precision Qualifiers....................................................................................................85

4.7.3 Default Precision Qualifiers.......................................................................................86

4.7.4 Available Precision Qualifiers....................................................................................87

4.8 Variance and the Invariant Qualifier...................................................................................87

4.8.1 The Invariant Qualifier...............................................................................................87

4.8.2 Invariance of Constant Expressions...........................................................................88

4.9 The Precise Qualifier..........................................................................................................88

4.10 Memory Qualifiers...........................................................................................................91

4.11 Order and Repetition of Qualification..............................................................................94

4.12 Empty Declarations..........................................................................................................94

5 Operators and Expressions........................................................................................................95

5.1 Operators............................................................................................................................95

5.2 Array Operations................................................................................................................96

5.3 Function Calls....................................................................................................................96

5.4 Constructors.......................................................................................................................96

5.4.1 Conversion and Scalar Constructors..........................................................................96

5.4.2 Vector and Matrix Constructors..................................................................................97

5.4.3 Structure Constructors................................................................................................99

5.4.4 Array Constructors....................................................................................................100

5.5 Vector and Scalar Components and Length......................................................................100

5.6 Matrix Components..........................................................................................................102

5.7 Structure and Array Operations........................................................................................102

5.8 Assignments.....................................................................................................................103

5.9 Expressions......................................................................................................................104

5.10 Vector and Matrix Operations........................................................................................107

5.11 Out-of-Bounds Accesses................................................................................................108

6 Statements and Structure.........................................................................................................110

6.1 Function Definitions.........................................................................................................111

6.1.1 Function Calling Conventions..................................................................................114

6.1.2 Subroutines...............................................................................................................115

6.2 Selection...........................................................................................................................116

6.3 Iteration.............................................................................................................................117

6.4 Jumps................................................................................................................................118

7 Built-in Variables....................................................................................................................120

7.1 Built-In Language Variables.............................................................................................120

7.1.1 Compatibility Profile Built-In Language Variables..................................................129

7.2 Compatibility Profile Vertex Shader Built-In Inputs........................................................133

7.3 Built-In Constants............................................................................................................133

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