MISRAC:2004CodingStandard_C哩C哩资源-CSDN文库

MISRA_C2004

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### MISRA C:2004编码标准解析 #### 标题解读 - **MISRAC:2004 Coding Standard**：这是一个针对C语言的编程标准，由MISRA（Motor Industry Software Reliability Association）制定，发布于2004年。此标准旨在为在关键系统中使用C语言提供指导。 #### 描述解读 - **MISRAC:2004 Coding Standard**：这是由LDRA公司编写的文档，提供了与MISRA C:2004编码标准相关的规则对比。该文档的优点在于规则全面，但缺点在于是英文版本，且缺少具体的示例。 - **规则对比**：文档中列出了MISRA C:2004标准中的规则被LDRA工具套件实现的情况，包括必须遵守的规则、建议性的规则以及无法通过静态分析工具检测的规则。 #### 标签解读 - **MISRA_C2004**：这个标签指明了文档的主题是关于MISRA C:2004的标准。 #### 部分内容解读文档的部分内容展示了MISRA C:2004标准的一些具体规则及其在LDRA工具套件中的实现情况。下面将详细解读这些规则： 1. **Rule 1.1** - **Required/Advisory**: Required - **LDRARule Number**: 293S - **MISRADescription**: 所有代码应遵循ISO9899:1990“编程语言-C”，并根据ISO/IEC9899/COR1:1995、ISO/IEC9899/AMD1:1995以及ISO/IEC9899/COR2:1996进行修正和补充。 - **LDRARuleDescription**: 确保所有使用的代码都符合ANSI C标准，不允许使用非ANSI构造。 2. **Rule 1.2** - **Required/Advisory**: Required - **LDRARule Number**: 412S - **MISRADescription**: 不应依赖于未定义或未指定的行为。 - **LDRARuleDescription**: 确保程序不依赖于未定义的行为，例如在遇到文件结束之前对文件指针进行`'\0'`比较。 3. **Rule 1.3** - **Required/Advisory**: Not statically analysable - **MISRADescription**: 当使用多个编译器和/或语言时，必须有一个共同定义的对象代码接口标准，所有的语言/编译器/汇编器都应遵循该标准。 - **LDRARuleDescription**: 同上。 4. **Rule 1.4 & Rule 5.1** - **Required/Advisory**: Required - **LDRARule Number**: 17D - **MISRADescription**: 应检查编译器/链接器是否支持外部标识符的31字符显著性和大小写敏感性。 - **LDRARuleDescription**: 确保所有外部标识符在前31个字符内是唯一的。 5. **Rule 1.5** - **Required/Advisory**: Advisory - **MISRADescription**: 浮点实现应符合定义的浮点标准。 - **LDRARuleDescription**: 推荐采用符合某种浮点标准的实现方式。 #### 总结 MISRA C:2004标准是一个广泛接受的规范，用于指导在关键安全系统中编写高质量、可维护且可靠的C语言代码。LDRA公司的文档详细介绍了这一标准的规则，并指出其工具套件如何支持这些规则的实施。通过遵守这些规则，开发人员可以提高软件的质量和安全性，减少潜在的风险。此外，虽然文档是英文版且缺少示例，但它仍然为那些希望确保其C语言代码遵循最佳实践的人提供了有价值的参考。

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PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL

Internal Document

Copies of this document are not to be made or distributed.

Rules Definition Required Advisory Total

Implemented by

LDRA

97 16 113

Partially

implemented by

LDRA

12 2 14

Not deemed to

be statically

analysable by a

tool

12 2 14

Total

121

141

A copy of the standard can be obtained through the MISRA website which is www.misra.org.uk.

The LDRA tool suite is developed and certified to BS EN ISO 9001:2000. This comparison has used the revised MISRA

standard, MISRA-C:2004 "Guidelines for the use of the C language in critical systems" was published in October 2004.

MISRA-C:2004 Coding Standard

This information has been compiled using version 7.5.3 of the LDRA tool suite and is correct as of 17 August 2007.

LDRA Ltd. reserves the right to change any

specifications contained within this document

without prior notice. The document was deemed correct at time of distribution.

PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL

Internal Document

Copies of this document are not to be made or distributed.

MISRA-C:2004

Rule

Required /

Advisory

LDRA Rule

Number

MISRA Description LDRA Rule Description

1.1 Required 293 S

All code shall conform to ISO 9899:1990

“Programming languages – C”, amended and

corrected by ISO/IEC 9899/COR1:1995, ISO/IEC

9899/AMD1:1995, and ISO/IEC

9899/COR2:1996.

Non Ansi construct used.

1.2 Required 412 S

No reliance shall be placed on undefined or

unspecified behaviour.

Undefined behaviour, \ before E-O-F.

1.3 Required

Not statically

analysable

Multiple compilers and/or languages shall only

be used if there is a common defined interface

standard for object code to which the

languages/compilers/assemblers conform.

Multiple compilers and/or languages shall only be

used if there is a common defined interface

standard for object code to which the

languages/compilers/assemblers conform.

1.4, 5.1 Required 17 D

The compiler/linker shall be checked to ensure

that 31 character significance and case

sensitivity are supported for external identifiers.

Identifier not unique within 31 characters.

1.5 Advisory

Not statically

analysable

Floating-point implementations should comply

with a defined floating-point standard.

Floating-point implementations should comply with

a defined floating-point standard.

2.1 Required 88 S

Assembly language shall be encapsulated and

isolated.

Procedure is not pure assembler.

2.2 Required 110 S

Source code shall only use /* … */ style

comments.

Use of single line comment(s) //.

2.3 Required 119 S

The character sequence /* shall not be used

within a comment.

Nested comment found

2.4 Advisory 302 S Sections of code should not be “commented out”.

Comment possibly contains code

3.1 Required

Not statically

analysable

All usage of implementation-defined behaviour

shall be documented.

All usage of implementation defined behaviour

shall be documented.

3.2 Required

Not statically

analysable

The character set and the corresponding

encoding shall be documented.

The character set and the corresponding encoding

shall be documented.

3.3 Advisory 373 S

The implementation of integer division in the

chosen compiler should be determined,

documented and taken into account.

Use of integer division

3.4 Required 69 S

All uses of the #pragma directive shall be

documented and explained.

#pragma used.

LDRA Ltd. reserves the right to change any

specifications contained within this document

without prior notice. The document was deemed correct at time of distribution.

PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL

Internal Document

Copies of this document are not to be made or distributed.

MISRA-C:2004

Rule

Required /

Advisory

LDRA Rule

Number

MISRA Description LDRA Rule Description

3.5 Required 316 S Bit field is not unsigned integral.

328 S

Non bit field member in bitfield struct.

42 S

Use of bit field in structure declaration.

226 S

Bit field is not octal, hex or suffix u;

3.6 Required

Not statically

analysable

All libraries used in production code shall be

written to comply with the provisions of this

document, and shall have been subject to

appropriate validation.

All libraries used in production code shall be

written to comply with the provisions of this

document, and shall have been subject to

appropriate validation.

4.1, 7.1 Required 176 S

Only those escape sequences that are defined in

the ISO C standard shall be used.

Non standard escape sequence in source.

4.2

Required

81 S

Trigraphs shall not be used.

Use of trigraphs.

5.1 Required 384 S

Identifiers (internal and external) shall not rely on

the significance of more than 31 characters.

Identifier matches macro name in 31 chars.

5.2 - 5.5 Required 131 S

Identifiers in an inner scope shall not use the

same name as an identifier in an outer scope,

and therefore hide that identifier.

Name reused in inner scope.

5.3, 5.6 Required 112 S A typedef name shall be a unique identifier. Typedef name redeclared.

5.3 Required 374 S Name conflict with typedef

5.4

Required

325 S

A tag name shall be a unique identifier.

Inconsistent use of tag.

5.5 Advisory 18 D

No object or function identifier with static storage

duration should be reused.

Identifier name reused

5.6 Advisory 91 S

No identifier in one name space should have the

same spelling as an identifier in another name

space, with the exception of structure and union

member names.

Name redeclared in another namespace (MR).

5.6, 5.7

Advisory

383 S

Identifier name matches macro name.

5.7

Advisory

327 S

No identifier name should be reused.

Reuse of struct member name.

6.1 Required 329 S

The plain char type shall be used only for the

storage and use of character values.

Operation not appropriate to plain char.

93 S

Value is not of appropriate type.

If it is being relied upon, the implementation

defined behaviour and packing of bitfields shall

be documented.

LDRA Ltd. reserves the right to change any

specifications contained within this document

without prior notice. The document was deemed correct at time of distribution.

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