xilinx-axidma-master DMA驱动

# Xilinx AXI DMA Driver and Library (Quick Start Guide) [](https://travis-ci.org/bperez77/xilinx_axidma) ## Overview A zero-copy, high-bandwidth Linux driver and userspace interface library for Xilinx's AXI DMA and VDMA IP blocks. The purpose of this software stack is to allow userspace Linux applications to interact with hardware on the FPGA fabric. The driver and userspace library act as a generic layer between the procesor and FPGA, and abstracts away the details of setting up DMA transactions. The pupose of AXI DMA and VDMA IP blocks is to serve as bridges for communication between the processing system and the FPGA, through one of the DMA ports on the Zynq processing system. The driver enables userspace application to allocate zero-copy, physically contiguous DMA buffers for transfers, allowing for high bandwidth communication between the FPGA and ARM core. The driver exposes its functionality via a character device, which the library interacts with. This driver supports 4.x version Xilinx kernels. It has been tested with the mainline Xilinx kernel, and the Analog Devices' kernel on the Zedboard. The driver should work with any 4.x kernel and any board that uses a Zynq-7000 series processing system. ## Fork with Multi-Process Support At the moment, the driver only supports a single process accessing the AXI DMA/VDMA IP engines. There is a fork of the repository that has support for multiple processes accessing independent DMA engines by [@corna](https://github.com/corna). You can find that fork [here](https://github.com/corna/xilinx_axidma). Independent DMA engines can be opened by a single process; however, each engine still can only be used by one process at a time. Thus, two processes can not share the TX and RX channels of an engine. In the future, the driver will have proper synchronization for both multiple processes and multiple threads. In the meantime, if you need multi-process support, the fork is a good workaround. ## Features 1. Zero-copy transmit (processor to FPGA), receive (FPGA to processor), and two-way combined DMA transfers. 2. Support for transfers with Xilinx's AXI DMA and AXI VDMA (video DMA) IP blocks. 3. Allocation of DMA buffers that are contiguous in physical memory, allowing for high-bandwidth DMA transfers, through the kernel's contiguous memory allocator (CMA). 4. Allocation of memory that is coherent between the FPGA and processor, by disabling caching for those pages in the DMA buffer. 4. Synchronous and asynchronous modes for transfers. 5. Registration of callback functions that are called when an asynchronous transfer completes. 6. Delivery of a POSIX real-time signal upon completion of an asynchronous transfer. 7. Support for DMA buffer sharing, or external DMA buffers. Currently the driver can only import a DMA buffer from another driver. This is useful, for example, when transfers need to be done with a frame buffer allocated by a DRM driver. ## Setting Up the Driver ### Linux Kernel The driver depends on the contiguous memory allocator (CMA), Xilinx's DMA and VDMA driver, and DMA buffer sharing. These must be enabled in the kernel the driver is complied against. These should be enabled by default in any Xilinx Linux kenrel fork. To be sure, make sure to double check the kernel configuration by running `make menuconfig` or by opening the `.config` file at the top level of your kernel source tree. The following options should be enabled: ```bash CONFIG_CMA=y CONFIG_DMA_CMA=y CONFIG_XILINX_DMAENGINES=y CONFIG_XILINX_AXIDMA=y CONFIG_XILINX_AXIVDMA=y CONFIG_DMA_SHARED_BUFFER=y ``` ### Device Tree The driver requires a node in the device tree. This node describes the DMA channels that the driver has exclusive access. It is also used to probe the driver, so the driver is activited only when this node is present. The node has the following properties: * `compatible` - This must be the string "xlnx,axidma-chrdev". This is used to match the driver with the device tree node. * `dmas` - A list of phandles (references to other device tree nodes) of Xilinx AXI DMA or VDMA device tree nodes, followed by either 0 or 1. This refers to the child node inside of the Xilinx AXI DMA/VDMA device tree node, 0 of course being the first child node. * `dma-names` - A list of names for the DMA channels. The names can be completely arbitrary, but they must be unique. This is required by the DMA interface function `dma_request_slave_channel()`, but is otherwise unused by the driver. In the future, the driver will use the names in printed messages. For the Xilinx AXI DMA/VDMA device tree nodes, the only requirement is that the `device-id` property is unique, but they can be completely arbitrary. This is how the channels are referred to in both the driver and from userspace. For more information on creating AXI DMA/VDMA device tree nodes, consult the kernel [documentation](https://github.com/Xilinx/linux-xlnx/blob/master/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/dma/xilinx/xilinx_dma.txt) for them. Here is a simple example of the device tree nodes for a system with a single AXI DMA IP, with both a transmit and receive channel. Note you will need to adjust this for your kernel tree and setup: ``` axidma_chrdev: axidma_chrdev@0 { compatible = "xlnx,axidma-chrdev"; dmas = <&axi_dma_0 0 &axi_dma_0 1>; dma-names = "tx_channel", "rx_channel"; }; axi_dma_0: axidma0@40400000 { #dma-cells = <1>; compatible = "xlnx,axi-dma", "xlnx,axi-dma-6.03.a", "xlnx,axi-dma-1.00.a"; reg = <0x40400000 0x10000>; clocks = <&clkc 15>, <&clkc 15>, <&clkc 15>, <&clkc 15>; clock-names = "s_axi_lite_aclk", "m_axi_sg_aclk", "m_axi_mm2s_aclk", "m_axi_s2mm_aclk"; xlnx,include-sg; xlnx,addrwidth = <32>; dma-mm2s-channel@40400000 { compatible = "xlnx,axi-dma-mm2s-channel"; dma-channels = <1>; xlnx,datawidth = <64>; xlnx,device-id = <0>; interrupt-parent = <&intc>; interrupts = <0 29 4>; }; dma-s2mm-channel@40400000 { compatible = "xlnx,axi-dma-s2mm-channel"; dma-channels = <1>; xlnx,datawidth = <64>; xlnx,device-id = <1>; interrupt-parent = <&intc>; interrupts = <0 30 4>; }; }; ``` ### Kernel Command Line The contiguous memory allocator works by reserving a pool of memory for contiguous memory allocations that it uses when requested. By default this size is too small for typical uses with this driver. The size can be changed by appending `cma=<size>M` to the kernel command line arguments. This sets the pool's size to `size` MBs. The kernel command line can be updated by changing the device tree or from the U-Boot console. For example, to set the CMA's pool size to 25 MB from the U-Boot console: ``` setenv bootargs "${bootargs} cma=25M" ``` **NOTE:** In the future, specifying the CMA region size will be moved into the device tree, so this will not be necessary. ## Compilation ### Makefile Variables The Makefile supports both native and cross compilation, and is repsonsible for compiling the driver and a few example programs. It has the following variables: * `CROSS_COMPILE` - The prefix for the compiler to use for cross-compilation. * `ARCH` - The architecture being compiled for. Required for compiling the driver when cross-compiling. * `KBUILD_DIR` - The path to the kernel source tree to compile the driver against. The kernel must already be built. Required for compiling the driver. * `OUTPUT_DIR` - The path to the output directory to place the generated files in. Defaults to `outputs` in the top-level directory. * `XILINX_DMA_INCLUDE_PATH_FIXUP` - This specifies to fixup the issue with the location of the `xilinx_dma.h` header file in the kernel being compiled against. Specify this if you see an include error when compiling the driver. For a complete list of targets, and a more complete description of the options, r