Network Working Group J. Myers
Request for Comments: 1939 Carnegie Mellon
STD: 53 M. Rose
Obsoletes: 1725 Dover Beach Consulting, Inc.
Category: Standards Track May 1996
Post Office Protocol - Version 3
Status of this Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ................................................ 2
2. A Short Digression .......................................... 2
3. Basic Operation ............................................. 3
4. The AUTHORIZATION State ..................................... 4
QUIT Command ................................................ 5
5. The TRANSACTION State ....................................... 5
STAT Command ................................................ 6
LIST Command ................................................ 6
RETR Command ................................................ 8
DELE Command ................................................ 8
NOOP Command ................................................ 9
RSET Command ................................................ 9
6. The UPDATE State ............................................ 10
QUIT Command ................................................ 10
7. Optional POP3 Commands ...................................... 11
TOP Command ................................................. 11
UIDL Command ................................................ 12
USER Command ................................................ 13
PASS Command ................................................ 14
APOP Command ................................................ 15
8. Scaling and Operational Considerations ...................... 16
9. POP3 Command Summary ........................................ 18
10. Example POP3 Session ....................................... 19
11. Message Format ............................................. 19
12. References ................................................. 20
13. Security Considerations .................................... 20
14. Acknowledgements ........................................... 20
15. Authors' Addresses ......................................... 21
Appendix A. Differences from RFC 1725 .......................... 22
Myers & Rose Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 1939 POP3 May 1996
Appendix B. Command Index ...................................... 23
1. Introduction
On certain types of smaller nodes in the Internet it is often
impractical to maintain a message transport system (MTS). For
example, a workstation may not have sufficient resources (cycles,
disk space) in order to permit a SMTP server [RFC821] and associated
local mail delivery system to be kept resident and continuously
running. Similarly, it may be expensive (or impossible) to keep a
personal computer interconnected to an IP-style network for long
amounts of time (the node is lacking the resource known as
"connectivity").
Despite this, it is often very useful to be able to manage mail on
these smaller nodes, and they often support a user agent (UA) to aid
the tasks of mail handling. To solve this problem, a node which can
support an MTS entity offers a maildrop service to these less endowed
nodes. The Post Office Protocol - Version 3 (POP3) is intended to
permit a workstation to dynamically access a maildrop on a server
host in a useful fashion. Usually, this means that the POP3 protocol
is used to allow a workstation to retrieve mail that the server is
holding for it.
POP3 is not intended to provide extensive manipulation operations of
mail on the server; normally, mail is downloaded and then deleted. A
more advanced (and complex) protocol, IMAP4, is discussed in
[RFC1730].
For the remainder of this memo, the term "client host" refers to a
host making use of the POP3 service, while the term "server host"
refers to a host which offers the POP3 service.
2. A Short Digression
This memo does not specify how a client host enters mail into the
transport system, although a method consistent with the philosophy of
this memo is presented here:
When the user agent on a client host wishes to enter a message
into the transport system, it establishes an SMTP connection to
its relay host and sends all mail to it. This relay host could
be, but need not be, the POP3 server host for the client host. Of
course, the relay host must accept mail for delivery to arbitrary
recipient addresses, that functionality is not required of all
SMTP servers.
Myers & Rose Standards Track [Page 2]
RFC 1939 POP3 May 1996
3. Basic Operation
Initially, the server host starts the POP3 service by listening on
TCP port 110. When a client host wishes to make use of the service,
it establishes a TCP connection with the server host. When the
connection is established, the POP3 server sends a greeting. The
client and POP3 server then exchange commands and responses
(respectively) until the connection is closed or aborted.
Commands in the POP3 consist of a case-insensitive keyword, possibly
followed by one or more arguments. All commands are terminated by a
CRLF pair. Keywords and arguments consist of printable ASCII
characters. Keywords and arguments are each separated by a single
SPACE character. Keywords are three or four characters long. Each
argument may be up to 40 characters long.
Responses in the POP3 consist of a status indicator and a keyword
possibly followed by additional information. All responses are
terminated by a CRLF pair. Responses may be up to 512 characters
long, including the terminating CRLF. There are currently two status
indicators: positive ("+OK") and negative ("-ERR"). Servers MUST
send the "+OK" and "-ERR" in upper case.
Responses to certain commands are multi-line. In these cases, which
are clearly indicated below, after sending the first line of the
response and a CRLF, any additional lines are sent, each terminated
by a CRLF pair. When all lines of the response have been sent, a
final line is sent, consisting of a termination octet (decimal code
046, ".") and a CRLF pair. If any line of the multi-line response
begins with the termination octet, the line is "byte-stuffed" by
pre-pending the termination octet to that line of the response.
Hence a multi-line response is terminated with the five octets
"CRLF.CRLF". When examining a multi-line response, the client checks
to see if the line begins with the termination octet. If so and if
octets other than CRLF follow, the first octet of the line (the
termination octet) is stripped away. If so and if CRLF immediately
follows the termination character, then the response from the POP
server is ended and the line containing ".CRLF" is not considered
part of the multi-line response.
A POP3 session progresses through a number of states during its
lifetime. Once the TCP connection has been opened and the POP3
server has sent the greeting, the
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gnu-pop3d-0.9.7.tar.gz (63个子文件)
gnu-pop3d-0.9.7
md5.h 5KB
getopt.c 20KB
getopt.h 4KB
user.c 6KB
stat.c 1KB
gnu-pop3d.h 5KB
getopt1.c 4KB
gnu-pop3d.init 661B
apop.c 5KB
mkinstalldirs 616B
gnu-pop3d.spec 2KB
gnu-pop3d.pamd 109B
RFC2095.txt 10KB
auth.c 984B
RFC1081.txt 35KB
README.rfc 378B
RFC1082.txt 24KB
config.h.in 1KB
RFC2384.txt 13KB
quit.c 2KB
IRONY 252B
RFC1734.txt 8KB
TODO 56B
RFC1725.txt 34KB
configure.in 1KB
debian
init 612B
control 420B
docs 13B
changelog 688B
postrm 402B
conffiles 22B
copyright 266B
pam 82B
dirs 9B
rules 1KB
README.debian 256B
postinst 534B
retr.c 2KB
README 1KB
list.c 1KB
Makefile.in 3KB
INSTALL 897B
top.c 3KB
dele.c 1KB
install-sh 5KB
AUTHORS 1KB
configure 53KB
gnu-pop3d.c 8KB
RFC1225.txt 36KB
RFC1939.txt 46KB
md5.c 13KB
RFC1460.txt 38KB
RFC2195.txt 10KB
uidl.c 948B
extra.c 8KB
capa.c 669B
gnu-pop3d.8 1KB
COPYING 18KB
README.rpm 369B
rset.c 1KB
RFC2449.txt 35KB
RFC1957.txt 2KB
noop.c 1KB
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