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Managing IP Quality of Service in Oracle®
Solaris 11.1
Part No: E29104–01
October 2012
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121203@25097
Contents
Preface .....................................................................................................................................................7
1 Introducing IPQoS (Overview) .............................................................................................................9
IPQoS Basics ...........................................................................................................................................9
What Are Dierentiated Services? ................................................................................................9
IPQoS Features ............................................................................................................................. 10
Where to Get More Information About Quality-of-Service Theory and Practice ............... 10
Providing Quality of Service With IPQoS ........................................................................................ 12
Implementing Service-Level Agreements ................................................................................. 12
Assuring Quality of Service for an Individual Organization .................................................. 12
Introducing the Quality-of-Service Policy ................................................................................ 12
Improving Network Eciency With IPQoS .................................................................................... 13
How Bandwidth Aects Network Trac .................................................................................. 13
Using Classes of Service to Prioritize Trac ............................................................................ 14
Dierentiated Services Model ............................................................................................................ 15
Classier (ipgpc) Overview ...................................................................................................... 15
Meter (tokenmt and tswtclmt) Overview ............................................................................... 16
Marker (dscpmk and dlcosmk) Overview .................................................................................. 17
Flow Accounting (flowacct) Overview .................................................................................... 17
How Trac Flows Through the IPQoS Modules ..................................................................... 18
Trac Forwarding on an IPQoS-Enabled Network ....................................................................... 19
DS Codepoint ............................................................................................................................... 19
Per-Hop Behaviors ....................................................................................................................... 19
2 Planning for an IPQoS-Enabled Network (Tasks) ........................................................................... 23
General IPQoS Conguration Planning (Task Map) ..................................................................... 23
Planning the Diserv Network Topology ......................................................................................... 24
3
Hardware Strategies for the Diserv Network ......................................................................... 24
IPQoS Network Topologies ........................................................................................................ 24
Planning the Quality-of-Service Policy .............................................................................................27
QoS Policy Planning Aids ...........................................................................................................27
QoS Policy Planning (Task Map) ............................................................................................... 28
▼ How to Prepare a Network for IPQoS ....................................................................................... 29
▼ How to Dene the Classes for Your QoS Policy ....................................................................... 29
Dening Filters ............................................................................................................................. 31
▼ How to Dene Filters in the QoS Policy .................................................................................... 32
▼ How to Plan Flow Control .......................................................................................................... 33
▼ How to Plan Forwarding Behavior ............................................................................................ 36
▼ How to Plan for Flow Accounting .............................................................................................. 38
Introducing the IPQoS Conguration Example .............................................................................. 39
IPQoS Topology ........................................................................................................................... 39
3 Creating the IPQoS Conguration File (Tasks) ............................................................................... 43
Dening a QoS Policy in the IPQoS Conguration File (Task Map) ............................................ 43
Tools for Creating a QoS Policy ......................................................................................................... 45
Basic IPQoS Conguration File ................................................................................................. 45
Creating IPQoS Conguration Files for Web Servers ..................................................................... 46
▼ How to Create the IPQoS Conguration File and Dene Trac Classes ............................. 48
▼ How to Dene Filters in the IPQoS Conguration File ........................................................... 50
▼ How to Dene Trac Forwarding in the IPQoS Conguration File ..................................... 51
▼ How to Enable Accounting for a Class in the IPQoS Conguration File .............................. 54
▼ How to Create an IPQoS Conguration File for a Best-Eort Web Server ........................... 56
Creating an IPQoS Conguration File for an Application Server ................................................. 58
▼ How to Congure the IPQoS Conguration File for an Application Server ........................ 60
▼ How to Congure Forwarding for Application Trac in the IPQoS Conguration File ... 62
▼ How to Congure Flow Control in the IPQoS Conguration File ........................................ 64
Providing Dierentiated Services on a Router ................................................................................. 67
▼ How to Congure a Router on an IPQoS-Enabled Network .................................................. 67
4 Starting and Maintaining IPQoS (Tasks) .......................................................................................... 69
Administering IPQoS (Task Map) .................................................................................................... 69
Applying an IPQoS Conguration .................................................................................................... 70
Contents
Managing IP Quality of Service in Oracle Solaris 11.1 • October 20124
▼ How to Apply a New Conguration to the IPQoS Kernel Modules ....................................... 70
▼ How to Ensure That the IPQoS Conguration Is Applied After Each Reboot ..................... 71
Enabling syslog Logging for IPQoS Messages ................................................................................ 71
▼ How to Enable Logging of IPQoS Messages During Booting ................................................. 71
Troubleshooting with IPQoS Error Messages ................................................................................. 72
5 Using Flow Accounting and Statistics Gathering (Tasks) ............................................................. 77
Setting Up Flow Accounting (Task Map) ......................................................................................... 77
Recording Information About Trac Flows ................................................................................... 78
▼ How to Create a File for Flow-Accounting Data ...................................................................... 78
Gathering Statistical Information ..................................................................................................... 80
6 IPQoS in Detail (Reference) ................................................................................................................83
IPQoS Architecture and the Diserv Model .................................................................................... 83
Classier Module ......................................................................................................................... 84
Meter Module ............................................................................................................................... 86
Marker Module ............................................................................................................................ 88
flowacct Module ......................................................................................................................... 92
IPQoS Conguration File ................................................................................................................... 95
action Statement ......................................................................................................................... 96
Module Denitions ...................................................................................................................... 97
class Clause ................................................................................................................................. 97
filter Clause ............................................................................................................................... 98
params Clause ............................................................................................................................... 98
ipqosconf Conguration Utility ...................................................................................................... 99
Index ................................................................................................................................................... 101
Contents
5
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