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e16605-SQLPlus Quick Reference Release 11.2-12.pdf
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e16605-SQLPlus Quick Reference Release 11.2-12
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1
SQL*Plus®
Quick Reference
Release 11.2
E16605-02
August 2010
About this Quick Reference
This Quick Reference shows SQL*Plus command syntax. For detailed information on
each command, refer to the SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference.
This Quick Reference has the following topics:
■ Documentation Accessibility
■ Alphabetic List of SQL*Plus Commands
■ Starting and Leaving SQL*Plus
■ Starting Up and Shutting Down a Database
■ Entering and Executing Commands
■ Manipulating SQL, SQL*Plus and PL/SQL Commands
■ Formatting Query Results
■ Accessing Databases
■ Miscellaneous
Documentation Accessibility
Our goal is to make Oracle products, services, and supporting documentation
accessible to all users, including users that are disabled. To that end, our
documentation includes features that make information available to users of assistive
technology. This documentation is available in HTML format, and contains markup to
facilitate access by the disabled community. Accessibility standards will continue to
evolve over time, and Oracle is actively engaged with other market-leading
technology vendors to address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be
accessible to all of our customers. For more information, visit the Oracle Accessibility
Program Web site at http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/.
Accessibility of Code Examples in Documentation
Screen readers may not always correctly read the code examples in this document. The
conventions for writing code require that closing braces should appear on an
otherwise empty line; however, some screen readers may not always read a line of text
that consists solely of a bracket or brace.
2
Accessibility of Links to External Web Sites in Documentation
This documentation may contain links to Web sites of other companies or
organizations that Oracle does not own or control. Oracle neither evaluates nor makes
any representations regarding the accessibility of these Web sites.
Deaf/Hard of Hearing Access to Oracle Support Services
To reach Oracle Support Services, use a telecommunications relay service (TRS) to call
Oracle Support at 1.800.223.1711. An Oracle Support Services engineer will handle
technical issues and provide customer support according to the Oracle service request
process. Information about TRS is available at
http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/consumerfacts/trs.html, and a list of phone
numbers is available at http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/dro/trsphonebk.html.
Alphabetic List of SQL*Plus Commands
@{url | file_name[.ext]} [arg ...]
@@ { url | file_name[.ext] } [arg ...]
/ (slash)
ACC[EPT] variable [NUM[BER] | CHAR
| DATE | BINARY_FLOAT | BINARY_DOUBLE] [FOR[MAT]
format] [DEF[AULT] default] [PROMPT text | NOPR[OMPT
]] [HIDE]
A[PPEND] text
ARCHIVE LOG LIST
ATTRIBU T E [ type_name.attribute_name [option...]]
BRE[AK] [ON report_element [action [action]]] ...
BTI[TLE] [printspec [text | variable] ...] | [ON | OFF
]
C[HANGE] sepchar old [sepchar [new [sepchar]]]
CL[EAR] option ...
COL[UMN] [{column | expr} [option ...]]
COMP[UTE] [function [LAB[EL] text] ... OF {expr | column | alias} ...ON {expr | column | alias | REPORT |
ROW} ...]
CONN[ECT] [{logon | / | proxy} [AS {SYSOPER | SYSDBA | SYSASM}] [edition=value] ]
COPY {FROM database | TO database | FROM database TO database} {APPEND | CREATE | INSERT |
REPLACE} destination_table[(column, column, column, ...)] USING query
DEF[INE] [variable] | [variable = text]
DEL [n | n m | n * | n LAST | * | * n | * LAST | LAST]
DESC[RIBE] {[schema.]object[@connect_identifier]}
DISC[ONNECT]
ED[IT] [file_name[.ext]]
EXEC[UTE] statement
{EXIT | QUIT} [SUCCESS
| FAILURE | WARNING | n | variable
| :BindVariable] [COMMIT
| ROLLBACK]
GET [FILE] file_name[.ext] [LIST
| NOLIST]
3
HELP | ? [topic]
HO[ST] [command]
I[NPUT] [text]
L[IST] [n | n m | n * | n LAST | * | * n | * LAST | LAST]
PASSW[ORD] [username]
PAU[SE] [text]
PRINT [variable ...]
PRO[MPT] [text]
{QUIT | EXIT} [SUCCESS
| FAILURE | WARNING | n | variable
| :BindVariable] [COMMIT
| ROLLBACK]
RECOVER {general | managed | BEGIN BACKUP | END BACKUP}
REM[ARK]
REPF[OOTER] [PAGE] [printspec [text | variable] ...] | [ON | OFF
]
REPH[EADER] [PAGE] [printspec [text | variable] ...] | [ON | OFF
]
R[UN]
SAV[E] [FILE] file_name[.ext] [CRE[ATE
] | REP[LACE] | APP[END]]
SET system_variable value
SHO[W] [option]
SHUTDOWN [ABORT | IMMEDIATE | NORMAL
| TRANSACTIONAL [LOCAL]]
SPO[OL] [filename[.ext] [CRE[ATE] | REP[LACE]
| APP[END]] | OFF | OUT]
STA[RT] { url | file_name[.ext] } [arg ...]
STARTUP options | upgrade_options
STORE {SET} file_name[.ext] [CRE[ATE
] | REP[LACE] | APP[END]]
TIMI[NG] [START text | SHOW | STOP]
TTI[TLE] [printspec [text | variable] ...] | [ON | OFF
]
UNDEF[INE] variable ...
VAR[IABLE] [variable [type]]
WHENEVER OSERROR {EXIT [SUCCESS
| FAILURE | n | variable | :BindVariable] [COMMIT |
ROLLBACK] | CONTINUE[COMMIT | ROLLBACK | NONE
]}
WHENEVER SQLERROR {EXIT [SUCCESS
| FAILURE | WARNING | n | variable
| :BindVariable] [COMMIT
| ROLLBACK] | CONTINUE [COMMIT | ROLLBACK | NONE]}
XQUERY xquery_statement
Starting and Leaving SQL*Plus
Use the following commands to log in to and out of SQL*Plus.
SQLPLUS [[option] [logon | / NOLOG] [start]]
where option has the following syntax:
4
-H[ELP]
| -V[ERSION]
| [ [-C[OMPATIBILITY] x.y[.z]] [-L[OGON]]
[-M[ARKUP] "mark_options"] [-R[ESTRICT] {1 | 2 | 3}] [-S[ILENT]] ]
where mark_options has the following syntax:
HTML [ON | OFF
] [HEAD text] [BODY text] [TABLE text]
[ENTMAP {ON
| OFF}] [SPOOL {ON | OFF}] [PRE[FORMAT] {ON | OFF}]
where logon has the following syntax:
{username[/password] [@connect_identifier] | /}
[AS {SYSOPER | SYSDBA | SYSASM}] [edition=value]
and where start has the following syntax:
@{url | file_name[.ext]} [arg ...]
{EXIT | QUIT} [SUCCESS
| FAILURE | WARNING | n | variable
| :BindVariable] [COMMIT
| ROLLBACK]
Commits or rolls back all pending changes, logs out of Oracle, terminates SQL*Plus
and returns control to the operating system.
Starting Up and Shutting Down a Database
Starting up and shutting down a database requires DBA privileges.
STARTUP options | upgrade_options
where options has the following syntax:
[FORCE] [RESTRICT] [PFILE=filename] [QUIET] [ MOUNT [dbname] |
[ OPEN
[open_options] [dbname] ] | NOMOUNT ]
where open_options has the following syntax:
READ {ONLY | WRITE [RECOVER]} | RECOVER
and where upgrade_options has the following syntax:
[PFILE=filename] {UPGRADE | DOWNGRADE} [QUIET]
Starts an Oracle instance with several options, including mounting and opening a
database.
SHUTDOWN [ABORT | IMMEDIATE | NORMAL | TRANSACTIONAL [LOCAL]]
Shuts down a currently running Oracle instance, optionally closing and dismounting a
database.
Entering and Executing Commands
Use the following commands to execute and collect timing statistics on SQL commands and
PL/SQL blocks.
/ (slash)
Executes the most recently executed SQL command or PL/SQL block which is stored
in the SQL buffer. Does not list the command. Use slash (/) at the command prompt or
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