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对于专用集成电路(ASICs)的要求包括: * 应当采用一组适当的技术和措施,这些技术和措施的使用本质上是防止在ASICs设计和研发过程中发生错误。 * 在标准附录中给出了对于芯片内部冗余的集成电路的特定结构要求 变化八、E/E/PE需求规范 IEC 61508第一版的安全需求规范只包含一个规范(一个步骤)。IEC 61508第二版则包含了两个规范(两个步骤): 第一步:制定E/E/PE系统安全需求规范(在IEC 61508-1); 第二步:制定E/E/PE系统设计需求规范(在IEC 61508-2);
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IEC 61508-1
Edition 2.0 2010-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related
systems –
Part 1: General requirements
Sécurité fonctionnelle des systèmes électriques/électroniques/électroniques
programmables relatifs à la sécurité –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
IEC 61508-1:2010
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE S
É
CURIT
É
®
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or
IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
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IEC 61508-1
Edition 2.0 2010-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related
systems –
Part 1: General requirements
Sécurité fonctionnelle des systèmes électriques/électroniques/électroniques
programmables relatifs à la sécurité –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
ICS 13.110; 25.040; 29.020
PRICE CODE
CODE PRIX
ISBN 978-2-88910-524-3
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE S
É
CURIT
É
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
®
– 2 – 61508-1 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD...........................................................................................................................5
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................7
1 Scope...............................................................................................................................9
2 Normative references......................................................................................................12
3 Definitions and abbreviations ..........................................................................................12
4 Conformance to this standard .........................................................................................12
5 Documentation ...............................................................................................................13
5.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................13
5.2 Requirements ........................................................................................................13
6 Management of functional safety.....................................................................................14
6.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................14
6.2 Requirements ........................................................................................................14
7 Overall safety lifecycle requirements ...............................................................................17
7.1 General .................................................................................................................17
7.1.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................17
7.1.2 Objectives and requirements – general ......................................................20
7.1.3 Objectives .................................................................................................25
7.1.4 Requirements ............................................................................................25
7.2 Concept.................................................................................................................25
7.2.1 Objective ...................................................................................................25
7.2.2 Requirements ............................................................................................26
7.3 Overall scope definition .........................................................................................26
7.3.1 Objectives .................................................................................................26
7.3.2 Requirements ............................................................................................26
7.4 Hazard and risk analysis........................................................................................27
7.4.1 Objectives .................................................................................................27
7.4.2 Requirements ............................................................................................27
7.5 Overall safety requirements ...................................................................................28
7.5.1 Objective ...................................................................................................29
7.5.2 Requirements ............................................................................................29
7.6 Overall safety requirements allocation....................................................................30
7.6.1 Objectives .................................................................................................30
7.6.2 Requirements ............................................................................................31
7.7 Overall operation and maintenance planning ..........................................................35
7.7.1 Objective ...................................................................................................35
7.7.2 Requirements ............................................................................................35
7.8 Overall safety validation planning...........................................................................37
7.8.1 Objective ...................................................................................................37
7.8.2 Requirements ............................................................................................37
7.9 Overall installation and commissioning planning.....................................................38
7.9.1 Objectives .................................................................................................38
7.9.2 Requirements ............................................................................................38
7.10 E/E/PE system safety requirements specification ...................................................38
7.10.1 Objective ...................................................................................................39
7.10.2 Requirements ............................................................................................39
7.11 E/E/PE safety-related systems – realisation ...........................................................41
61508-1 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
7.11.1
Objective ...................................................................................................41
7.11.2 Requirements ............................................................................................41
7.12 Other risk reduction measures – specification and realisation.................................41
7.12.1 Objective ...................................................................................................41
7.12.2 Requirements ............................................................................................41
7.13 Overall installation and commissioning...................................................................41
7.13.1 Objectives .................................................................................................41
7.13.2 Requirements ............................................................................................42
7.14 Overall safety validation.........................................................................................42
7.14.1 Objective ...................................................................................................42
7.14.2 Requirements ............................................................................................42
7.15 Overall operation, maintenance and repair .............................................................43
7.15.1 Objective ...................................................................................................43
7.15.2 Requirements ............................................................................................43
7.16 Overall modification and retrofit .............................................................................46
7.16.1 Objective ...................................................................................................46
7.16.2 Requirements ............................................................................................47
7.17 Decommissioning or disposal.................................................................................48
7.17.1 Objective ...................................................................................................48
7.17.2 Requirements ............................................................................................48
7.18 Verification ............................................................................................................49
7.18.1 Objective ...................................................................................................49
7.18.2 Requirements ............................................................................................49
8 Functional safety assessment .........................................................................................50
8.1 Objective ...............................................................................................................50
8.2 Requirements ........................................................................................................50
Annex A (informative) Example of a documentation structure................................................54
Bibliography..........................................................................................................................60
Figure 1 – Overall framework of the IEC 61508 series ...........................................................
11
Figure 2 – Overall safety lifecycle ..........................................................................................18
Figure 3 – E/E/PE system safety lifecycle (in realisation phase) .............................................19
Figure 4 – Software safety lifecycle (in realisation phase) ......................................................19
Figure 5 – Relationship of overall safety lifecycle to the E/E/PE system and software
safety lifecycles.....................................................................................................................
20
Figure 6 – Allocation of overall safety requirements to E/E/PE safety-related systems
and other risk reduction measures.........................................................................................
32
Figure 7 – Example of operations and maintenance activities model ......................................45
Figure 8 – Example of operation and maintenance management model .................................46
Figure 9 – Example of modification procedure model.............................................................48
Figure A.1 – Structuring information into document sets for user groups ................................59
Table 1 – Overall safety lifecycle – overview..........................................................................
21
Table 2 – Safety integrity levels – target failure measures for a safety function operating
in low demand mode of operation ..........................................................................................
33
Table 3 – Safety integrity levels – target failure measures for a safety function operating
in high demand mode of operation or continuous mode of operation ......................................
34
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