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对于专用集成电路(ASICs)的要求包括: * 应当采用一组适当的技术和措施,这些技术和措施的使用本质上是防止在ASICs设计和研发过程中发生错误。 * 在标准附录中给出了对于芯片内部冗余的集成电路的特定结构要求 变化八、E/E/PE需求规范 IEC 61508第一版的安全需求规范只包含一个规范(一个步骤)。IEC 61508第二版则包含了两个规范(两个步骤): 第一步:制定E/E/PE系统安全需求规范(在IEC 61508-1); 第二步:制定E/E/PE系统设计需求规范(在IEC 61508-2);
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IEC 61508-1
Edition 2.0 2010-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related
systems –
Part 1: General requirements
Sécurité fonctionnelle des systèmes électriques/électroniques/électroniques
programmables relatifs à la sécurité –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
IEC 61508-1:2010
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE S
É
CURIT
É
®
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
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IEC 61508-1
Edition 2.0 2010-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related
systems –
Part 1: General requirements
Sécurité fonctionnelle des systèmes électriques/électroniques/électroniques
programmables relatifs à la sécurité –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
ICS 13.110; 25.040; 29.020
PRICE CODE
CODE PRIX
ISBN 978-2-88910-524-3
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE S
É
CURIT
É
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
®
– 2 – 61508-1 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD...........................................................................................................................5
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................7
1 Scope...............................................................................................................................9
2 Normative references......................................................................................................12
3 Definitions and abbreviations ..........................................................................................12
4 Conformance to this standard .........................................................................................12
5 Documentation ...............................................................................................................13
5.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................13
5.2 Requirements ........................................................................................................13
6 Management of functional safety.....................................................................................14
6.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................14
6.2 Requirements ........................................................................................................14
7 Overall safety lifecycle requirements ...............................................................................17
7.1 General .................................................................................................................17
7.1.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................17
7.1.2 Objectives and requirements – general ......................................................20
7.1.3 Objectives .................................................................................................25
7.1.4 Requirements ............................................................................................25
7.2 Concept.................................................................................................................25
7.2.1 Objective ...................................................................................................25
7.2.2 Requirements ............................................................................................26
7.3 Overall scope definition .........................................................................................26
7.3.1 Objectives .................................................................................................26
7.3.2 Requirements ............................................................................................26
7.4 Hazard and risk analysis........................................................................................27
7.4.1 Objectives .................................................................................................27
7.4.2 Requirements ............................................................................................27
7.5 Overall safety requirements ...................................................................................28
7.5.1 Objective ...................................................................................................29
7.5.2 Requirements ............................................................................................29
7.6 Overall safety requirements allocation....................................................................30
7.6.1 Objectives .................................................................................................30
7.6.2 Requirements ............................................................................................31
7.7 Overall operation and maintenance planning ..........................................................35
7.7.1 Objective ...................................................................................................35
7.7.2 Requirements ............................................................................................35
7.8 Overall safety validation planning...........................................................................37
7.8.1 Objective ...................................................................................................37
7.8.2 Requirements ............................................................................................37
7.9 Overall installation and commissioning planning.....................................................38
7.9.1 Objectives .................................................................................................38
7.9.2 Requirements ............................................................................................38
7.10 E/E/PE system safety requirements specification ...................................................38
7.10.1 Objective ...................................................................................................39
7.10.2 Requirements ............................................................................................39
7.11 E/E/PE safety-related systems – realisation ...........................................................41
61508-1 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
7.11.1
Objective ...................................................................................................41
7.11.2 Requirements ............................................................................................41
7.12 Other risk reduction measures – specification and realisation.................................41
7.12.1 Objective ...................................................................................................41
7.12.2 Requirements ............................................................................................41
7.13 Overall installation and commissioning...................................................................41
7.13.1 Objectives .................................................................................................41
7.13.2 Requirements ............................................................................................42
7.14 Overall safety validation.........................................................................................42
7.14.1 Objective ...................................................................................................42
7.14.2 Requirements ............................................................................................42
7.15 Overall operation, maintenance and repair .............................................................43
7.15.1 Objective ...................................................................................................43
7.15.2 Requirements ............................................................................................43
7.16 Overall modification and retrofit .............................................................................46
7.16.1 Objective ...................................................................................................46
7.16.2 Requirements ............................................................................................47
7.17 Decommissioning or disposal.................................................................................48
7.17.1 Objective ...................................................................................................48
7.17.2 Requirements ............................................................................................48
7.18 Verification ............................................................................................................49
7.18.1 Objective ...................................................................................................49
7.18.2 Requirements ............................................................................................49
8 Functional safety assessment .........................................................................................50
8.1 Objective ...............................................................................................................50
8.2 Requirements ........................................................................................................50
Annex A (informative) Example of a documentation structure................................................54
Bibliography..........................................................................................................................60
Figure 1 – Overall framework of the IEC 61508 series ...........................................................
11
Figure 2 – Overall safety lifecycle ..........................................................................................18
Figure 3 – E/E/PE system safety lifecycle (in realisation phase) .............................................19
Figure 4 – Software safety lifecycle (in realisation phase) ......................................................19
Figure 5 – Relationship of overall safety lifecycle to the E/E/PE system and software
safety lifecycles.....................................................................................................................
20
Figure 6 – Allocation of overall safety requirements to E/E/PE safety-related systems
and other risk reduction measures.........................................................................................
32
Figure 7 – Example of operations and maintenance activities model ......................................45
Figure 8 – Example of operation and maintenance management model .................................46
Figure 9 – Example of modification procedure model.............................................................48
Figure A.1 – Structuring information into document sets for user groups ................................59
Table 1 – Overall safety lifecycle – overview..........................................................................
21
Table 2 – Safety integrity levels – target failure measures for a safety function operating
in low demand mode of operation ..........................................................................................
33
Table 3 – Safety integrity levels – target failure measures for a safety function operating
in high demand mode of operation or continuous mode of operation ......................................
34
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