An enhanced PSO-DEFS based feature selection with biometric auth...

Recently, automatic diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) from the retinal image is the most significant research topic in the medical applications. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the major reason for the loss of vision in patients suffering from DR. Early identification of the DR enables to prevent the vision loss and encourage diabetic control activities. Many techniques are developed to diagnose the DR. The major drawbacks of the existing techniques are low accuracy and high time complexity