没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
A program for children with learning or behavioral problems
需积分: 9 0 下载量 13 浏览量
2021-06-29
17:58:05
上传
评论
收藏 624KB PDF 举报
温馨提示
A program for children with learning or behavioral problems PSYCHOLOGY AND THE EDUCATIONAL REVOLUTION 317 “Of course!” exclaimed Dewey, Galton, and James-“and in what is taught, “Of course,” interrupted Binet, Cattell, and Dewey-“and in how effectively “But of course,” remarked Thorndike, Watson, and Cattell-“and the dif- “Naturally,” they all agreed-“and in the effectiveness of teaching-” “But certainly,” they all said-“and in how education should be organized-” “Part of the problem
资源推荐
资源详情
资源评论
PSYCHOLOGY
AND
THE
EDUCATIONAL
REVOLUTION
317
“Of course!” exclaimed Dewey, Galton, and James-“and in what is taught,
“Of course,” interrupted Binet, Cattell, and Dewey-“and in how effectively
“But
of
course,” remarked Thorndike, Watson, and Cattell-“and the dif-
“Naturally,” they all agreed-“and in the effectiveness
of
teaching-”
“But certainly,” they all said-“and in how education should be organized-”
“Part
of
the problem, of course,” agreed all--l‘and how shall we educate for
“Obviously-and how to measure fads against true innovations-”
“An important measurement problem,” they agreed-“and mostly, how to
know what education works with whom, as measured against what pre-determined
goals-”
That, they concurred, was a
very
important psychological problem. In fact,
all were fascinating problems and they couldn’t wait to get started.
Watson:
‘(Where did you say
I
could get one of those computer things?”
Thorndike:
“I
wonder
if
TC could find some room for me and a lab.
I
won’t need
any cats.”
Cattell:
“You could always come across the street if TC hasn’t got room.
If
they
haven’t room
for
either
of
us, why don’t we work right in the schools?”
Binet:
“A test of conceptual development perhaps?
.
.
.
Culture-free concepts?
And Piaget speaks French
.
,
.”
Galton:
“We are going
to
need some better research strategies. I’ll look up Pearson
and Fisher, and we’ll go
to
work
on
it.
Far cry from those fertilizer and plots
things.”
the curriculum-”
it is taught”
ferences in effectiveness for different kinds
of
pupils-”
different goals-”
James:
“Let’s see now. ‘Talks to Teachers
on
Concepts’?”
Dewey:
“I
think
I’ll
concern myself with the goals of education.
Seems as though
some psychologist should.”
REFERENCE
WATSON,
J.
B.
Behauiorism.
New
York:
Norton,
1925.
A PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN WITH LEARNING OR
BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS
ROGER
REGER‘
Board
of
Cooperative Educational
Services
Erie
County,
New
Ywk
This is a preliminary report of a newly-established program
for
children who
demonstrate significant learning and/or behavioral problems but who are not con-
sidered mentally retarded. These are the children who might be classified as
mini-
mally brain injured
or
emotionally disturbed.
Because in some ways the program
appears
to
differ from other programs perhaps this report will be of general interest.
‘Director, Special Educational Services, 99 Aero Drive, Buffalo, New York
14225.
318
ROGER
REGER
THE
SETTING
A
Board of Cooperative Educational Services (often referred to
as
“BOCES,”
pronounced “bo-cees”) in New
York
State is an organization through which smaller
school districts can join together to provide services they could not feasibly pro-
vide individually (see Griffen
&
Langworthy, 1964). In Erie County there are two
Cooperative Boards, “BOCES
#
1”
and “BOCES
#
2,”
with the program des-
cribed here taking place in district number one. The district is made up of
18
sub-
urban school systems that surround Buffalo with
a
publie-school enrollment of
about
75,000
students. The nonpublic-school enrollment in the same geographic
area is about
25,000
students.
A
limited view of other Cooperative Boards in the
state suggests that each has its own
modus
operundi.
Thus, “the Cooperative
Board” in this report refers only to the one setting.
During the 1965-66 school year when
I
first joined the Cooperative Board,
there were four “brain damaged classes” in existence. Throughout that school
year, planning was under way to establish an expanded program which would make
provisions for emotionally disturbed children as mandated by state law effective
September, 1966.
Involved in the planning were chief school officers
or
their delegated represent-
atives from local school systems, school psychologists, and others from the local
schools.
The result at the beginning
of
the 1966-67 school year was the establishment
of 19 special classes under what was called a “Program for Children with Learning
or Behavioral Problems.” The four classes from the previous school year were
merged into other programs. The intention was to label the program rather than
the classes or the children.2
CRITERIA
FOR
ADMISSION
There were two sets of criteria used for admission to the program. One con-
sisted of specific criteria used by each local school district and the other of criteria
used by the Cooperative Board. The procedures and criteria used by local schools
were varied and are not known. The Cooperative Board established two major
criteria: (a) That
a
child was considered
to
be experiencing
signijicunt
learning
and/or behavioral problems, and (b) That the child was not considered to be
mentally retarded.3
The reason for establishing these major criteria was to move away from medical
diagnostic conceptions and toward educationally-relevant conceptions for deter-
mining if children needed special provisions that could not be obtained in
a
“regular”
curriculum program. Retarded children were not considered eligible because special
classes for the mentally retarded already existed; this was explicitly
a
matter
of
administrative convenience.
The need for special educational placement was determined by educators,
who may
or
may not have sought the advice of medical or other specialists.
It
was suggested by the Cooperative Board that the local school principal, the school
2This often receives the comment,
“You
can’t avoid labeling children.” This
is
true, but there
are ways
of
dealing with this other than being
a
passive party to namecalling-e.g., describing
a
child
as
“an
Mlt,”
“an
ED,”
“an
LD,”
etc.
aA
more detailed outline
of
definitions
of
terms and criteria is available
upon
request.
剩余7页未读,继续阅读
资源评论
weixin_38650516
- 粉丝: 11
- 资源: 971
上传资源 快速赚钱
- 我的内容管理 展开
- 我的资源 快来上传第一个资源
- 我的收益 登录查看自己的收益
- 我的积分 登录查看自己的积分
- 我的C币 登录后查看C币余额
- 我的收藏
- 我的下载
- 下载帮助
最新资源
- Unity In-game Debug Console
- (3292010)Java图书管理系统(源码)
- 新建 Microsoft Word 文档
- (176102016)MATLAB代码:考虑灵活性供需不确定性的储能参与电网调峰优化配置 关键词:储能优化配置 电网调峰 风电场景生成 灵活性供需不
- SINAMICS S120驱动第三方直线永磁同步电机系列视频-配置和优化.mp4
- (175601006)51单片机交通信号灯系统设计
- Starter SINAMICS S120驱动第三方直线永磁同步电机系列视频-调试演示.mp4
- (174755032)抽烟、烟雾检测voc数据集
- 基于滑膜控制的差动制动防侧翻稳定性控制,上层通过滑膜控制产生期望的横摆力矩,下层根据对应的paper实现对应的制动力矩分配,实现车辆的防侧翻稳定性控制,通过通过carsim和simulink联合仿真
- 伺服系统基于陷波滤波器双惯量伺服系统机械谐振抑制matlab Simulink仿真 1.模型简介 模型为基于陷波滤波器的双惯量伺服系统机械谐振抑制仿真,采用Matlab R2018a Simul
资源上传下载、课程学习等过程中有任何疑问或建议,欢迎提出宝贵意见哦~我们会及时处理!
点击此处反馈
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制
信息提交成功