用探测器附近的NOνA搜寻亚GeV暗物质资源-CSDN文库

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Hunting sub-GeV dark matter with the NOνA near detector

Patrick deNiverville

Center for Theoretical Physics of the Universe, IBS, Daej eon 34126, Korea

Claudia Frugiuele

Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel

(Received 7 August 2018; published 6 March 2019)

We study the sensitivity of the NOνA near detector to MeV-GeV dark matter while operating

symbiotically with the neutrino program. We find that NOν A could explore a large new region of parameter

space over the next few years for dark matter masses below 100 MeV, reaching the thermal target for a

scalar dark matter particle for some masses. This result represents a significant improvement over existing

probes such as BABAR, E137, MiniBooNE, and LSND.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.99.051701

I. INTRODUCTION

There are many compelling dark matter (DM) candidates

with a correspondingly wide range of possible masses and

couplings to the visible sector. Probing this vast parameter

space requires a correspondingly broad experimental pro-

gram, and neutrino fixed target facilities can play a role in

this quest by searching for signatures of DM scattering with

electrons and/or nuclei in their (near) detectors [1–10].

Their main advantage lies in the high luminosity available,

frequently boasting 10

–10

protons on target (POT) per

year, which allows for the production of a sizeable

relativistic DM beam. Moreover, this setup offers the

possibility of probing light DM/quark couplings, comple-

mentary to direct detection experiments sensitive to elec-

tron/DM interactions [11,12].

However, the neutrino background presents a significant

challenge when searching for nucleon-DM scattering

[2,4,5,7–9]. More promising in this regard is electron-

DM scattering, where the neutrino related backgrounds are

much smaller. Some of the strongest constraints on the DM

parameter space have been placed by recasting existing

neutrino-electron scattering data from the LSND experi-

ment [13,14] and we aim to investigate whether present

neutrino facilities could improve on LSND’s sensitivity. In

particular, we study the reach of the NOνA near detector to

DM-electron scattering. By reinterpreting an existing

analysis on ν − e elastic scattering we find sensitivity to

a large region of the DM parameter space still uncon-

strained by present experimental probes such as LSND

[13,14], E137 [15], MiniBooNE [16,17],NA64[18],

BABAR [19] and CRESST-II [20].

The paper is organized as follow: in Sec. II we define our

benchmark model. Section III summarizes the main aspects

of DM searches at neutrino facilities. In Sec. IV, we present

the sensitivity of NOVνA of electron-DM elastic scattering

by recasting of current analysis performed by the collab-

orations. Finally, we present a summary in Sec. V.

II. VECTOR PORTAL

Our benchmark model consists of a dark photon (DP)

[21] A

, the gauge boson of a new dark gauge group Uð1 Þ

kinetically mixed with the photon, and a scalar χ charged

under Uð1Þ

that serves as a DM candidate:

¼ L

þ L

ð1Þ

where:

¼ −

μν

0μν

0μ

−

ϵF

μν

; ð2Þ

where ϵ is the DP-photon kinetic mixing, while:

0μ

∂

†

∂

χ − m

†

χ; ð3Þ

where J

¼½ð∂

†

Þχ − χ

†

∂

χ and g

is the Uð1Þ

gauge

coupling. The region of the parameter space reachable by

neutrino facilities is m

> 2m

and g

≫ ϵe which

implies that the DP almost always decays into a χχ

†

pair.

For much of the parameter space studied, the strongest

experimental constraints for m

> 60 MeV come from a

monophoton search performed by BABAR [19] that exclu-

des the existence of a DP with ϵ > 10

−3

and m

< 8 GeV

decaying into χ

χ. For large values of α

, CRESST-II

places strong constraints on m

> 500 MeV. The NA64

Published by the American Physical Society unde r the terms of

the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationa l license.

Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to

the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation,

and DOI. Funded by SCOAP

PHYSICAL REVIEW D 99, 051701(R) (2019)

Rapid Communications

2470-0010=2019=99(5)=051701(6) 051701-1 Published by the American Physical Society

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