座舱环境下热舒适性别差异的实验研究

整体气流感随头部气流感的变化关系为：头部气流感小于 0 和大于+0.5 时，整体气流感与头

部气流感均有显著的线性关系，且整体气流感随头部气流感增大的速率在头部气流感大于10

+0.5 一侧高于头部气流感小于 0 一侧，头部气流感在 0~+0.5 时，不会引起整体气流感的明

显变化。男性热中性操作温度低于女性 0.9℃，通过喷嘴送风，男女的热中性操作温度可分

别提高至 27.3℃和 27.6℃。喷嘴风速和操作温度对整体热感觉的影响存在交互作用，通过多

和喷嘴送风区别设计的构思。 15

Abstract: Based on analog three-row seat aircraft cabin, and combined with physiological

parameters testing and subjective questionnaire of thermal comfort research, the impact of 25

different opening and air blowing angle on human thermal comfort, focusing on analysis of gender

differences in thermal comfort evaluation, was studied in this article. under the same cabin

environment, the average skin temperature and extremities’ skin temperature for females was

significantly lower compared to males. thermal sensation for males was higher compared to

females. when the air mean sensation of head was under 0 or greater than +0.5, the air mean 30

sensation of whole body and head has a significantly linear relationship, and the rate of the air

temperature on the overall thermal sensation. through multiple linear regression, the thermal

sensation prediction model for males and females was obtained. Eventually a gender-based zoning

concept was proposed to control the cabin environment, and it was considered that nozzle jet air 40

supply system design can be differed by gender.

Key words: thermal comfort;cabin environment; gender difference;nozzle jet air supply

究的重点。人体性别的生理和心理差异导致男女对热环境舒适性要求不同。国内外研究学者45

在众多针对建筑热环境下热舒适研究中，就发现性别之间存在热舒适差异：M.Y.Beshir 和

J.D.Ramsey

然。B. Griefahn and C. Kunemund

外部是一个空调房间，以防止模拟舱热环境受外部环境变化的影响。其布局如图 1 所示。

构成，其中喷嘴送风系统系统如图 2 所示。新风和回风混合后经空气处理机组处理后，通过70

的温度通过新风空气处理机组控制，可实现的温控范围是 5℃到 35℃，控制精度在 0.5℃。

送风速度可以通过旋转喷嘴的开度来调节，可实现的速度范围是 0m/s 到 25m/s。模拟舱所

风角度的调节，如图 3 所示。 75

验过程中，每 5min 填写一次问卷，室内环境参数和人体体表皮肤温度均采用仪器每 1min85

自动记录一次。实验期间若受试者感觉不适，则停止实验。实验具体流程如图 4 所示，图 5

为实验现场图。