Single-polarizationlarge-mode-areafiberlasermode-lockedwithanonlinearamplifyingloopmirror资源-CSDN文库

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这篇文章的标题是《单极化大模场面积光纤激光器与非线性放大环镜锁模》，描述部分详细介绍了基于单极化大模场面积（LMA）光子晶体光纤与非线性放大环镜设计相结合，实现了一种被动模式锁定光纤激光器，能自启动并产生稳定的高功率超短脉冲。文章的标签是研究论文，表明这是一篇学术性研究成果的报告。文章提到的单极化大模场面积（LMA）光纤技术是关键之一。LMA光纤可以支持更大直径的光束传输，从而获得更大的光束面积，这在提升激光器的输出功率时非常重要。同时，单极化特性能减少激光器的噪声和不稳定因素，增加激光器输出的稳定性。非线性放大环镜（NALM）是本研究的另一个核心概念。NALM是一种被动锁模机制，通过在环形腔中引入非互易的相移，使得只有特定的脉冲能够被放大，而其他光脉冲则被抑制，从而实现模式锁定。NALM在锁模机制中不需要外部驱动源，可以实现自启动，非常有利于系统简化和稳定性提升。研究者们特别指出了NALM引入非互易相移的设计使得锁模激光器能够自我启动，表明了系统能够在没有外部控制的情况下稳定工作。同时，利用具有偏振特性的LMA光纤，可以保证系统在环境变化下仍具有稳定的高功率输出能力。文章中还提到了激光器在类孤子、拉伸脉冲和全正常色散区域中的模式锁定特性。这表明激光器可以在不同的运行模式下产生稳定的超短脉冲，具有较高的灵活性和应用范围。研究中，激光器产生的稳定脉冲具有高达2瓦的平均功率和72兆赫兹的重复率，对应的单脉冲能量达到28纳焦耳。输出脉冲经过去啁啾处理后，可以达到接近变换极限的152飞秒脉冲宽度。研究还提到，所提出的光纤振荡器提供了高性能超快激光源的另一种选择，并具有环境稳定性。这一研究结果对于工业、医疗和科研领域中广泛使用的被动模式锁定光纤激光器具有重要意义，并能够推动这些领域中对高性能激光源配置的持续研究兴趣。文章还指出，各种被动模式锁定机制已得到建立，包括基于材料的饱和吸收体和人工饱和吸收体机制。基于材料的饱和吸收体机制包括半导体饱和吸收镜（SESAM）、碳纳米管等。这些机制的建立对光纤激光器的发展提供了更多可能性。文章中的OCIS代码提供了一种组织和索引光学研究成果的方式，使得相关领域的研究人员可以更容易地找到并参考这篇论文。这些代码包括(140.7090)超快激光器、(060.2320)光纤放大器和振荡器、(060.7140)光纤中的超快过程、(140.3615)激光器，镱等。本篇研究论文介绍了一种结合了单极化LMA光纤和NALM的新型光纤激光器的设计和实现，以及其在超短脉冲产生方面的高性能和稳定性。这些技术和成果对推动光纤激光器技术的进步和在相关领域的应用具有重要的指导意义。

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Single-polarization large-mode-area fiber

laser mode-locked with a nonlinear

amplifying loop mirror

WU LIU,HAOSEN SHI,JIAHUA CUI,CHEN XIE,YOUJIAN SONG,CHINGYUE WANG, AND MINGLIE HU*

Ultrafast Laser Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Precision Instruments

and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China

*Corresponding author: huminglie@tju.edu.cn

Received 13 April 2018; revised 14 May 2018; accepted 14 May 2018; posted 15 May 2018 (Doc. ID 328238); published 11 June 2018

The generation of high-power ultrashort pulses from a pas-

sively mode-locked fiber laser is reported based on the com-

bination of a single-polarization large-mode-area (LMA)

photonic crystal fiber with a nonlinear amplifying loop mir-

ror design. The introduction of a non-reciprocal phase shift

in the loop mirror enables self-starting of the mode-locked

laser, while the polarizing LMA fiber supports environmen-

tally stable high-power operation. Mode locking in the sol-

iton-like, stretched-pulse, and all-normal-dispersion regime

is characterized. The laser genera tes stable pulses with up to

2 W average power at a 72 MHz repetition rate, correspond-

ing to a single-pulse energy of 28 nJ. The output pulses are

dechirped to a near transform-limited duration of 152 fs.

The proposed fiber oscillator presents an alternative ap-

proach to high-power ultrafast laser sources, along with

environmental stability.

OCIS codes: (140.7090) Ultrafast lasers; (060.2320) Fiber optics

amplifiers and oscillators; (060.7140) Ultrafast processes in fibers;

(140.3615) Lasers, ytterbium.

https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.002848

Mode-locked fiber lasers have widespread applications in indus-

trial, medical, and scientific researches, which drive continuous

research interest into developing novel source configurations

with enhanced performance. Various passive mode-locking

mechanisms have been established, including the material-

based saturable absorbers and the artificial saturable absorber

mechanisms. The former include semiconductor saturable-

absorber mirrors (SESAM) [1], carbon nanotube [2], and

graphene [3], while the latter include nonlinear polarization

evolution (NPE) [4], nonlinear optical loop mirror [5], and

nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM) [6]. Meanwhile,

major efforts have been made to investigate the intracavity

pulse dynamics. Depending on the balance between nonline-

arity, dispersion, gain and loss, fiber lasers exhibit different

pulse shaping mechanisms. The mode-locked operati ons cat-

egorized by cavity dispersion distributions are known as the

soliton regime [7], the stretched-pulse regime [8], and the

all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) regime [9].

Despite the development of the fundamental understanding

of pulse evolution, the performance of conventional fiber laser

is limited due to the small fiber core size and, hence, the

strong accumulated nonlinearity. Thanks to the technological

advances, fiber lasers with the use of low-nonlinearity large-

mode-area (LMA) photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have enabled

further power and energy scaling [10,11]. Mode-locked with

the commonly employed NPE technique, these LMA-PCF la-

ser oscillators reached impressive performance levels, achieving

hundreds of nanojoule energies and sub-100 femtosecond de-

chirped durations with average powers of up to 66 W [12,13].

Nonetheless, the NPE-based laser suffers greatly from the ran-

dom birefringence of the fiber introduced by environmental

perturbations, which can result in even a complete loss of mode

locking. Therefore, more robust mode-locking technologies are

desirable.

Substantial effort has been made to solve this problem. The

use of polarization-maintaining (PM) fibers can largely improve

the environmental stability. Nevertheless, the intrinsic incom-

patibility of NPE with PM fibers generally excludes the feasibil-

ity since NPE requires precise control of the polarization state.

On the other hand, PM fiber lasers mode-locked with SESAMs

are well established [14–17]. However, such intrinsic absorbers

in fiber lasers are limited due to the relatively low damage

threshold, complicated fabrications, and a potential degrada-

tion over time [2,18]. Even more, the slow relaxation of the

SESAM often leads to a broad pulse width and may intrinsically

result in enhanced frequency and amplitude noise in the

laser [19,20].

The NALM is a promising candidate to realize both envi-

ronmental stability and high output performance in mode-

locked fiber lasers. As a fiber-nonlinearity-based saturable

absorber, the NALM holds a considerably high damage thresh-

old with good flexibility. Compared with NPE, the NALM has

the advantages of stability and lower intrinsic noise since it does

not rely on the polarization rotation and can be implemented in

a PM format [20 ]. In spite of the simplicity and stability, lasers

based on fiber loop mirrors normally are not self-starting, with a

2848

Vol. 43, No. 12 / 15 June 2018 / Optics Letters

Letter

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