以信息为中心的网络调查：基本原理，设计和争论资源-CSDN文库

研究论文

124 浏览量 2021-03-12 13:23:14 上传评论收藏 527KB PDF 举报

资源推荐

资源详情

资源评论

China Communications • July 2015

self-certifying versus hierarchical names, and

edge versus pervasive caching. We hope this

survey helps clarify some mis-understandings

on ICN and achieve more consensuses.

Keywords: information-centric networking,

content-centric networking, future internet

architecture, named-data networking, pub-

lish-subscribe

I. INTRODUCTION

The Internet design is dated back to 1960s and

‘70s when resource sharing was the primary

goal. Some scarce and expensive devices like

card readers, high-speed tape drives and com-

puters were hosted on the limited number of

sites, and shared by the community. Internet

Protocol (IP)[1], which names the attachment

point, was designed to support the resource

sharing in the mainframe era. However, the In-

ternet has evolved to a very different one from

what it was. On one side, according to Cisco’s

VNI report[2], the compound annual growth

rate of network trafc is anticipated to be 29%

during 2011-2016, and traffic alone will ac-

count for 86% of all the trafc in 2016. Some

powerful cloud/service platforms are built for

the large scale data distribution. On the other

side, resources (electronic content, computing,

Abstract: The basic function of the Internet is

to delivery data (what) to serve the needs of all

applications. IP names the attachment points

(where) to facilitate ubiquitous interconnec-

tivity as the current way to deliver data. The

fundamental mismatch between data delivery

and naming attachment points leads to a lot of

challenges, e.g., mapping from data name to

IP address, handling dynamics of underlying

topology, scaling up the data distribution, and

securing communication, etc. Information-

centric networking (ICN) is proposed to shift

the focus of communication paradigm from

where to what, by making the named data the

first-class citizen in the network, The basic

consensus of ICN is to name the data inde-

pendent from its container (space dimension)

and session (time dimension), which breaks

the limitation of point-to-point IP semantic. It

scales up data distribution by utilizing avail-

able resources, and facilitates communication

to fit diverse connectivity and heterogeneous

networks. However, there are only a few con-

sensuses on the detailed design of ICN, and

quite a few different ICN architectures are

proposed. This paper reveals the rationales of

ICN from the perspective of the Internet evo-

lution, surveys different design choices, and

discusses on two debatable topics in ICN, i.e.,

A Survey on Information-Centric Networking:

Rationales, Designs and Debates

JIANG Xiaoke

1,2,3

, BI Jun

1,2,3

, NAN Guoshun

, LI Zhaogeng

1,2,3

Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace, Tsinghua University

Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University

Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology

State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT

INFORMATION-CENTRIC NETWORKING

China Communications • July 2015

For those applications, it is the data that

interests people, instead of where the loca-

tion is, or which device provides the data.

For example, a driver may be interested in

the distance (data) from his/her car to the

nearby cars instead of those car themselves,

a housekeeper may want to know the tem-

perature (data) in a house without caring

which sensor provides that data if there are

multiple.

A clean-slate method to address the above

issues is abandoning the IP paradigm which

was designed for resource sharing on the lim-

ited number of sites 50+ years ago, replacing

where with what to ship bits. Hence, Infor-

mation-centric Networking (ICN) is proposed

by naming the data directly, which breaks the

limitation of point-to-point IP semantic. ICN

scales up the data distribution by utilizing

redundant resources, and facilitates secure, ef-

cient and exible data delivery to t diverse

connectivity and heterogeneous networks.

Naming the data is fundamental idea of

ICN, not complete design of an architecture.

How to create a network architecture based

on named data? An ICN architecture, besides

naming the data, should support another two

functions: 1) retrieving target data, and 2) se-

curing the data.

Extensive studies have been done in ICN

research, and quite a few ICN achitectures

have been proposed so far due to lack of con-

sensuses on the design. Here we list some of

these proposals: Data-Oriented Network Ar-

chitecture (DONA)[3], Publish Subscribe In-

ternet Technology (PURSUIT)[4], and its pre-

decessor Publish-Subscribe Internet Routing

Paradigm (PSIRP)[5], Network of Information

(NetInf)[6], [7], which was initially conceived

as Architecture and Design for the Future

Internet (4WARD)[8], and evolved further

as Scalable and Adaptive Internet Solutions

(SAIL)[9], Named-Data networking (NDN)

[10], which has its roots from an earlier proj-

ect, Content-Centric Networking (CCN)[11].

More proposals and detailed design survey can

be found in the existing literatures[12], [13],

[14], [15], [16].

storage, etc) are not only spread to client sides

connected with stationary attachment point

as in PC era, but also distributed everywhere,

including different devices with diverse con-

nectivity or even in heterogeneous networks,

such as mobile phones, wearable devices,

sensors, vehicles, and satellites. IP, which is

now underpinning such an cyberspace, has in-

deed exceeded designer’s expectations. After

all, even the designers of the Internet had not

envisioned the myriad ways in which it is used

today.

However, end users essentially care about

“what” rather than “where”, and the basic

function of the Internet is to ship data to serve

the needs of applications. When IP, focusing

on talking to whom (where), is applied to de-

liver data (what) in current era, the fundamen-

tal mismatch leads to a lot of issues, including

but not limited to the followings:

• 

Data is forwarded following the specific

path defined by the routing spanning tree,

without the ability to utilize extra interfac-

es, multiple end-to-end paths or redundant

data replicas. This prevents data providers

from scaling up the data distribution.

• 

IP, as originally designed, provides no secu-

rity support. Solutions were added later to

secure the session, e.g., TLS, IPSec. How-

ever, these solutions only provide transient

trust – the trust is valid for the two end-

points exclusively (space constraint) during

the session period only (time constraint).

• 

Naming the attachment point leads to

binding with underlying identier (layer-2

identier), which makes it hard to support

multi-homing and handle dynamic change

of underlying topology, such as mobility

support, ad-hoc scenarios. This is especially

true for some heterogeneous networks, e.g.,

sensors network, vehicle network, delay-

torrent network (DTN), wherein it is rarely

possible to build steady end-to-end channel

to ship bits.

• 

IP is ill-fited for some new applications

where location or even device identity is

not important, such as Internet of Thing

(IoT), sensor network, vehicle network.

After briefly intruding

and comparing dif-

ferent design choices

adopted by major ICN

proposals, this paper

presents the most

debatable topics in

ICN, including naming

structure and caching

location.

China Communications • July 2015

e.g., IP multicast[17], multipath TCP[18], mul-

tipath routing[19], stream control transmission

protocol (SCTP)[20], Datagram Congestion

Control Protocol (DCCP)[21], and transport

next-generation (Tng)[22]. All of these works

try to break through the naming semantics

of IP, and use the IP namespace (together

with port and sequence number) to identify

something else, e.g., communication groups,

point-to-point paths, or message-oriented data

chunk. However, these piecemeal solutions

have not been deployed globally due to some

critical reasons, like inter-working with the

existing IP systems, lack of evident business

incentive, etc. On the other hand, overlay

systems are widely used to improve the per-

formance over IP, e.g., CDN, p2p, application-

layer multicast (ALM)[23]. However, the

overlay systems are far from perfection due to

the mismatch between the application-layer

goals and point-to-point semantic of under-

lying protocols. Overlay systems suffer from

the trust in underlying networks, handling

heterogeneity of users, providing resilience,

higher path stretch and a high link stress, etc.

For example, CDN has to fool the end users

that they are talking with the intended entity

in some hack way, while the truth is the sur-

rogates that they are connecting to, are owned

by CDN providers. The third-party role of sur-

rogates becomes fundamental conict of trust

management, and leads to potential risks for

HTTP Secure (HTTPS) based communication

[24]. P2p file-sharing system relies on appli-

cation-layer routing, which is largely indepen-

dent from the Internet routing and topology.

Thus, it leads to a lot of unwanted inter-do-

main traffic, and starves other applications,

such as web trafc[25].

A fundamental issue of patches and overlay

systems is that, each of them is a piecemeal

solution of one specific problem. The inef-

ficiency of point-to-point communication,

failure of piecemeal solutions, motivate re-

searchers to rethink the Internet architecture

in a “clean-slate” way. A basic observation

is that end users essentially concern the data

they desired without caring where the data lo-

In this survey, we give an insight into the

ICN and its design, instead of the design de-

tails or recognized challenges in different pro-

posals. The rest of this paper is structured as

follows. In Section II, we explain the necessity

of ICN network architecture, together with

efforts (and failures) of improving data deliv-

ery over IP. Section III analyzes the required

functions of ICN (naming, retrieving and se-

curing the data) as well as the possible design

choices from the perspective of network ar-

chitecture. Section IV presents debates on the

fundamental design, i.e., self-certifying versus

hierarchical names, edge versus pervasive

caching, which are hot topics in ICN research

community. Finally, we summarize the survey

in Section V.

II. MOTIVATIONS OF ICN

IP is being used for data delivery. To over-

come the issues caused by IP’s shortcomings

as mentioned in preceding section, researchers

have invented many xes.

• 

Large scale data distribution is being over-

layed on top of the underlying IP network

topology. End users request data by name,

e.g, URL, instead of connecting given de-

vices first. The data is returned from the

device picked by the overlay infrastructure

instead of the one chosen by end users. Do-

main names are merely aliases of contain-

ers, but refer to data. This is especially true

in content delivery network (CDN), and

peer-to-peer (p2p) system.

• 

Heterogeneous networks, such as sensor

network, vehicle network, and satellite

network, are isolated from the Internet.

Gateway is usually required to ensure the

communication between two heterogeneous

network. Furthermore, dedicated protocols

are created for heterogeneous networks.

What is more, a lot of works have been

done to improve the performance of the data

delivery over IP, and these studies can be di-

vided into patch and overlay fashion.

Some researchers developed incremental

solutions l to better support data distribution,

剩余11页未读，继续阅读

评论收藏

内容反馈

weixin_38571992

粉丝: 1
资源: 939

以信息为中心的网络调查：基本原理，设计和争论

大班社会教案：垃圾车引发的争论.docx

论文研究 - 政治-行政二分法：其来源，逻辑和争论

高速电路电源分配网络设计与电源完整性分析

西方经济学温州大学经济学流派：争论和共识.pptx

计算机美术设计和传统美术设计对比.doc

lua-vararg：用于处理函数变量争论的库

农村土地产权抵质押：理论争论、现实困境和改革路径.pdf

初中语文语文论文课改思考：组织课堂争论培养创新精神

计算机组织与体系结构性能设计（第6版）

走向成熟：信息系统学科的演变

美股机械行业：第一季度后的关键争论和问题2021.6.7（25页）.pdf

转基因技术的伦理争论：困境与出路.doc

爱荷华州性别偏见基本技能测试的调查：发展观

三年级语文下册《争论的故事》教学设计1 苏教版 教案.doc

嘴和鼻子的争论作文.doc

牙膏和牙刷的争论作文.doc

行人惯性导航零速检测算法

混合动力汽车基于规则的控制和ECMS与优化等效因子的实时能源管理策略

基于CORDIC的反正弦和反余弦计算的FPGA实现

使用3DCNN和卷积LSTM进行手势识别学习时空特征

BA无标度网络中的SIR模型

基于三次贝塞尔曲线的类汽车曲率连续路径平滑

基于机器学习的设备剩余寿命预测方法综述

基于无差拍预测控制和扰动观测器的永磁同步电机电流控制

基于FPGA的奇异值和特征值分解的快速实现。

基于BP神经网络的人口预测

两轮平衡车的建模与控制研究

最新资源

三年级语文下册《争论的故事》教学设计1 苏教版教案.doc