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General MIDI 2 Version 1.2a
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General MIDI 2 Version 1.2a Including PAN Formula, MIDI Tuning Changes and Mod Depth Range Recommendation
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General MIDI 2
February 6, 2007
Version 1.2a
Including PAN Formula, MIDI Tuning Changes and Mod Depth Range Recommendation
Published By:
The MIDI Manufacturers Association
Los Angeles, CA
PREFACE
Abstract:
General MIDI 2 is a group of extensions made to General MIDI (Level 1) allowing for expanded standardized
control of MIDI devices. This increased functionality includes extended sounds sets and additional
performance and control parameters.
New MIDI Messages:
Numerous new MIDI messages were defined specifically to support the desired performance features of
General MIDI 2. The message syntax and details are published in the Complete MIDI 1.0 Detailed
Specification version 1999 (and later):
MIDI Tuning Bank/Dump Extensions (C/A-020)
Scale/Octave Tuning (C/A-021)
Controller Destination Setting (C/A-022)
Key-Based Instrument Controll SysEx Messages (C/A-023)
Global Parameter Control SysEx Message (C/A-024)
Master Fine/Course Tuning SysEx Messages (C/A-025)
Modulation Depth Range RPN (C/A-026)
General MIDI 2 Message:
Universal Non-Realtime System Exclusive sub-ID #2 under General MIDI sub-ID #1 is reserved for General
MIDI 2 system messages (see page 21 herein).
Changes from version 1.0 to version 1.1:
o Section 3.3.5: changed PAN formula per RP-036
o Section 4.7: Added new recommendations per RP-037
Changes from version 1.1 to version 1.2:
o Section 3.4.4: added recommendation for Mod Depth Range Response per RP-045
o V 1.2a is reformatted for PDF distribution
General MIDI 2 Specification (Recommended Practice)
RP-024 (incorporating changes per RP-036, RP-037, and RP-045)
Copyright ©1999, 2003, and 2007 MIDI Manufacturers Association Incorporated
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED
IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING INFORMATION
STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE MIDI
MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION.
Printed 2007
MMA
PO Box 3173
La Habra CA 90632-3173
General MIDI 2 v1.2a Page i
P.O. Box 3173 y La Habra CA 90632-3173 y www.midi.org
© 1999-2007 MIDI Manufacturers Association – No Duplication without express permission.
Table Of Contents
1. DEFINITIONS 1
2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 2
2.1 Sound Source Type 2
2.2 Number of Notes 2
2.3 MIDI Channels 2
2.4 Melody Channels and Rhythm Channels 2
2.5 Modes 2
2.6 Timbres 2
2.7 Pitch 3
2.7.1 Melody Channels (Tuned instruments) 3
2.7.2 Rhythm Channels 3
2.8 Sound Generator Assignment 4
2.8.1 Rhythm Channels 4
2.9 Effects 4
3. RESPONSE TO MIDI CHANNEL MESSAGES 5
3.1 Note On/ Note Off 5
3.2 Program Change Message 5
3.3 Control Change Messages 5
3.3.1 Bank Select (cc#0/32) 5
3.3.2 Modulation Depth (cc#1) 6
3.3.3 Portamento Time (cc#5) 6
3.3.4 Channel Volume (cc#7) 6
3.3.5 Pan (cc#10) 7
3.3.6 Expression (cc#11) 8
3.3.7 Hold1 (Damper) (cc#64) 8
3.3.8 Portamento ON/OFF (cc#65) 9
3.3.9 Sostenuto (cc#66) 9
3.3.10 Soft (cc#67) 9
3.3.11 Filter Resonance (Timbre/Harmonic Intensity) (cc#71) 9
3.3.12 Release Time (cc#72) 10
3.3.13 Attack time (cc#73) 10
3.3.14 Brightness (cc#74) 10
3.3.15 Decay Time (cc#75) 10
3.3.16 Vibrato Rate (cc#76) 11
3.3.17 Vibrato Depth (cc#77) 11
3.3.18 Vibrato Delay (cc#78) 11
3.3.19 Reverb Send Level (cc#91) 11
3.3.20 Chorus Send Level (cc#93) 11
3.3.21 Data Entry (cc#6/38) 12
3.3.22 RPN LSB/MSB (cc#100/101) 12
General MIDI 2 v1.2a Page ii
P.O. Box 3173 y La Habra CA 90632-3173 y www.midi.org
© 1999-2007 MIDI Manufacturers Association – No Duplication without express permission.
Table Of Contents - Continued
3.4 RPN (Registered Parameter Numbers) 12
3.4.1 00H / 00H Pitch Bend Sensitivity 12
3.4.2 00H / 01H Channel Fine Tune 12
3.4.3 00H / 02H Channel Coarse Tune 13
3.4.4 00H / 05H Modulation Depth Range (Vibrato Depth Range) 13
3.4.5 7FH / 7FH (RPN NULL) 13
3.5 Channel Mode Messages 13
3.5.1 All Sound Off (cc#120) 13
3.5.2 Reset All Controllers (cc#121) 14
3.5.3 All Notes Off (cc#123) 14
3.5.4 Omni Mode Off (cc#124) 14
3.5.5 Omni Mode On (cc#125) 14
3.5.6 Mono Mode On (Poly Mode Off) (cc#126) 14
3.5.7 Poly Mode On (Mono Mode Off) (cc#127) 15
3.6 Pitch Bend 15
3.7 Channel Pressure 15
4. UNIVERSAL SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE MESSAGES 16
4.1 Master Volume 16
4.2 Master Fine Tuning 16
4.3 Master Coarse Tuning 16
4.4 Reverb Parameters 16
4.4.1 Reverb Type 17
4.4.2 Reverb Time 17
4.5 Chorus Parameters 18
4.5.1 Chorus Type 18
4.5.2 Mod Rate 18
4.5.3 Mod Depth 18
4.5.4 Feedback 18
4.5.5 Send to Reverb 19
4.6 Controller Destination Setting 19
4.6.1 Channel Pressure (Aftertouch) 19
4.6.2 Controller (Control Change) 20
4.7 Scale/Octave Tuning Adjust 21
4.8 Key-Based Instrument Controllers 21
4.9 GM System Messages 22
4.9.1 GM2 System On 22
4.9.2 GM1 System On (currently called GM System On) 22
4.9.3 GM System Off 22
5. OTHER MIDI MESSAGES 23
5.1 Active Sensing 23
6. GM2™ LOGO 24
7. APPENDIX A: GM 2 SOUND SET 25
8. APPENDIX B: GM 2 PERCUSSION SOUND SET 32
General MIDI 2 v1.2a Page 1
P.O. Box 3173 y La Habra CA 90632-3173 y www.midi.org
© 1999-2007 MIDI Manufacturers Association – No Duplication without express permission.
1. Definitions
In this document, all GM2 features are described as being either [required], [recommended], [optional] or [not allowed].
These terms are used to mean the following:
[required]
The information in this section must be implemented by the manufacturer in order to meet the GM2 specification.
[recommended]
The information in this section may be implemented by the manufacturer, but it is not required. If the feature is
implemented, it must meet the specifications for the feature as defined in the GM2 specification. Implementation of the
feature will allow further compatibility.
[optional]
The information in this section is neither recommended nor required. If the feature is implemented, it must meet the
specifications for the feature as defined in the GM2 specification.
[not allowed]
A manufacturer may not implement this feature, because it would prevent GM2 compatibility.
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